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Keywords: fitness of the implementation of tactics, overtraining
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Plan of lecture:
Tactics of sports tourism.
The main components of the tactics of the organization and conduct of campaigns
Rescue work
Tactics sports tourism
In the theory of physical education sport tactics is defined as the art of wrestling. The concept of "sports strategy" covers more or less expedient way competition athletes (individual taktika) and team sports (team taktika), subject to a specific concept and plan to achieve competitive goals (MatveevL.P., 1991).
In sports tourism understood as a tactic of choice of means and methods of their use in the implementation of individual and team capabilities of tourists to achieve the objectives and specific tasks in terms of race and tourist trips. Funds in this case are varied and are understood in the broadest sense of the word. For example, they cover and camping equipment, and the main tourist action directly related to the preparation and conduct of the campaign.
Tactics is reduced to the ability to make decisions in standard and non-standard situations, certain types of sports tourism. Its basis is the tactical thinking, determining the level of tactical readiness of the tourist-athlete. Usually tactics associated with the technique and talk about tactical and technical podgotovlennosti tourists. Without denying the possibility takogo approach, it should be noted that, theoretically, a tactic considered by us in its pure form as a choice and a way to use resources, dependent only on the quantity and quality of possible combinations. No choice - there is no tactics, unless we consider the lack of it, too tactics.
Implementation of tactics is mainly related to the physical and specially trained tourists. We can say that it is - a matter of technique. If the tactic is based on a specific plan - a tactical plan developed before the start of the obstacle, the result of this tactic will be determined by a special and physically trained tourists. If there are not enough for the realization of the tactics, and tactical training itself is not sufficient, because in these conditions it was necessary to use a different tactic.
In its original meaning the term “mountaineering” describes an activity leading to an ascent toward the summit of a mountain. Of course, in contemporary usage the word “mountaineering” expresses an full set of other activities and specialised sporting disciplines. These disciplines are very diverse in format, and certain of them have by now distanced themselves significantly from the original contents of the mountaineering discipline. Despite these differences there nonetheless remains a link of common origin. Aside from their common origin, mountaineering disciplines can be grouped on the basis of simple definition, though it may have a somewhat tautological character: “Mountaineering is movement in mountaineering terrain.” For such a definition to make sense we must first define mountaineering terrain. Mountaineering terrain commonly denotes natural mountain terrain with abrupt slopes, whether rocky, snowy, or icy, and outside of the mountains steep rock and ice terrain, or artificial terrain that imitates natural terrain. When navigating this terrain, part of the route of approach must involve overcoming gravity through the use of one’s own strengths.
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Mountaineering subdivision
In its most basic definition, mountaineering is commonly usually classified based on the motivations of the climber, whether sport climbing or non-sport climbing.
In the realm of non-sporting motivations purely purposeful motivations are included, such as emotional and aesthetic motivations, e.g. love for nature, as well as unavoidability (as when hikers wander into mountaineering terrain). Activities undertaken for purely purposeful motivations include, for example, when “mountaineering” was performed in ancient times e.g. by crystal hunters, or in contemporary times, when mountaineering is performed by mountain rescue teams or special divisions of the armed forces.
The most common motivations that lead people to mountaineering are sporting motivations. The sport mountaineer is logically therefore only the person who climbs for athletic incentives, motivated by evaluation of her performance according to athletic criteria; that is, according to levels of complexity (the more complex being what fewer people have achieved, gradually increasing to the most complex, which only one person so far has achieved), and according to levels of purity (the less equipment, the higher the ranking of performance).
From this perspective it is therefore absolutely inappropriate to identify certain concepts or specific disciplines of the mountaineering sport as “athletic” (e.g. the term “sport climbing” is often erroneously used to describe performance rock climbing). It is necessary to realise that sport mountaineering consists of all disciplines performed for athletic motivations. An athlete can be a Himalayist ascending Everest or a person in low-altitude mountains on rock.
Forms of mountaineering
Sport mountaineering can be divided into subgroups according to various perspectives.
A very fundamental perspective is the ethical concept of mountaineering. The term “ethical concept” incorporates elements of motivation, desire, opinions, and habits. The ethical concept can have an extremely large influence on the method and format of the mountaineering activities conducted. According to this perspective we can divide mountaineering into traditional (classic) and gymnastic.
Depending on the intensity of mountaineering performance we can divide mountaineering, like other sports, by level – peak level, performance level, and recreational level. Another perspective mountaineering can be subdivided by is season in which mountaineering is performed. We can therefore differentiate between summer and winter mountaineering. Mountaineering can also be classified according to the environment in which it is carried out. This environment can be rock, mountains, high altitude mountains with year-round snow and ice, artificial climbing walls, etc. Competitions are organized within certain mountaineering disciplines so we can also differentiate mountaineering into competitive and non-competitive.
Through the partial combination of all perspectives mentioned above we can also subdivide mountaineering to combine all possible activities grouped under the concept of sport mountaineering. Among the individual activities or disciplines, however, there are no sharp and clear boundaries. On the contrary, a diffusion or blending of the various disciplines and their concepts often occurs, usually on a number of different multiple levels. This gives the sport of mountaineering a significant multi-faceted and diverse quality.
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