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3. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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3. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
It is a private research university working in Cambridge. It has been working since 1861. A long-standing rival of CalTech, MIT also cultivates a strong entrepreneurial culture, which has seen many alumni found notable companies such as Intel and Dropbox. Unusually, the undergraduate and postgraduate programmes at MIT are not wholly separate; many courses can be taken at either level. The undergraduate programme is one of the country’s most selective, admitting only 8 per cent of applicants. Engineering and computer science programmes are the most popular among undergraduates. Thirty-three per cent of the 11, 000 students are international, hailing from 154 different countries around the world. Famous alumni include astronaut Buzz Aldrin, former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan and physicist Richard Feynman. Graduates are prevalent throughout science, politics, economics, business and media. There are 81 Nobel Laureates of this university.
4. Harvard University
Harvard University is probably the best-known university in the world, coming top in the Times Higher Education reputation rankings most years. It was founded in 1636, and is the oldest higher education institution in the US. There are approximately 20, 000 students enrolled, a quarter of whom are international. Although the cost of tuition is expensive, Harvard’s financial endowment allows for plenty of financial aid for students.
The Harvard Library system is made up of 79 different libraries and counts as the largest academic library in the world.
Among many famous alumni, Harvard can count eight US presidents, about 150 Nobel laureates, 13 Turing Award winners and 62 living billionaires.
Unlike some other universities at the top of the list, Harvard is at least equally as reputed for arts and humanities as it is for science and technology, if not more so.
5. Princeton University
Like Harvard, Princeton is a prestigious Ivy League university with a history stretching back more than 200 years. Princeton’s distinctive social environment includes private “eating clubs” – which function as both social houses and dining halls. Many of the clubs are selective and competitive, but others simply require undergraduates to sign up. There are fewer than 8, 000 students enrolled at Princeton, and just over a quarter are international.
Princeton’s campuses, in New Jersey, are located about an hour away from both New York City and Philadelphia. Degree courses have strictly specified requirements. All students are required to do independent research as part of their degrees, and some must take a foreign language course.
The application process is highly selective. Unlike most US universities, Princeton does not now offer an early decision application route. Renowned Princeton alumni include US presidents, astronauts, businessmen, Olympians and numerous award-winners. Physicist Richard Feynman attended as a graduate student, as did mathematicians John Nash and Alan Turing. There are more than 30 Nobel Prize holders in the Alumni of this institution.
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On the base of
https: //www. timeshighereducation. com/student/best-universities/best-universities-united-states
http: //toptenscu. com/top-engineering-technology-universities-in-usa/
WASHINGTON, DC
1. Look at the following words and try to remember them:
| 1) situated - 2) discoverer- 3) site - 4) cornerstone- 5) preliminary- 6) radiate - 7) surrounding- 8) swell (v) - 9) sea-going- 10) cluster- 11) imposing- 12) huge dome - 13) the Supreme Court- 14) contest- 15) observation deck - 16) National Air and Space Museum - 17) National Museum of Natural History - 18) National Museum of American History - 19) Smithsonian Institution - 20) Hirshhorn Museum- and Sculpture Garden | расположенный первооткрыватель место, местонахождение краеугольный камень предварительный расходящийся лучами близлежащий, соседний; окружающий раздуваться морской группа грандиозный; впечатляющий, внушительный огромный купол Верховный Суд дискуссия, прения смотровая площадка национальный музей авиации и космонавтики национальный музей краеведения национальный музей американской истории институт и музей истории Aмерики и Соединенных Штатов Музей и сад скульптур Хиршхорна |
2. Read and translate the text about the capital of the USA Washington:
Washington, the capital of the USA, is situated on the Potomac River in the district of Columbia. The District is named in honor of Columbus, the discoverer of America. The capital owes a great deal to the nation's first president George Washington. It was he, who selected the site for the District and laid the cornerstone of the Capitol building, where Congress meets.
The location of the city on the Potomac river was the result of a political compromise between the wishes of the northern and the southern states. Washington was founded in 1791. The city was built to a preliminary plan. A rectangular network of streets combines with wide avenues which radiate from two main centers. One of them is the Capitol and the other is the White House.
Washington is not the largest city in the country, for it cannot be compared in size with the cities like New York, Chicago, Detroit and Los- Angeles. But in the political sense it is the center of the republic. It is the home of government. The US Presidents lives and works here, the Congress and the Supreme Court are all in Washington DC.
Washington industry is not well developed, although some " clean" industries, high-technology and light industry, research establishments have recently been set up in the surrounding areas. Tourism, too, is one of major importance, bringing in millions of visitors to swell the resident population. Many people come to Washington by planes. The planes land on Washington's two airfields - the National and the Friendship Airports. The city's pride is the Union Railroad Station. It's bigger than the Capitol itself. Washington can be reached also by small sea-going ships. Convenient roads connect it with other parts of the country.
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Washington is fundamentally a monumental city. The central point of it is Jenkins Hills, commonly called the Hill, or the Capitol Hill. The focus point for sightseeing in Washington is the cluster of impressive buildings and monuments around the broad sweep of grassy parkland in the form of a cross that lies between the Potomac River and the capitol. The imposing Capitol, crowned with its huge dome, stands at the end of the wide grassy Mall. Capitol is the highest building here. The regulation doesn't allow to build houses taller than the Capitol. It got his name in analogy with the ancient roman cathedral - Capitol. Behind the Capitol, in the separate buildings, stand the Supreme Court and the Library of Congress which is the oldest federal cultural institution in the USA. The Library is housed in three buildings on Capitol Hill. The Library of Congress claims to be the largest library in the world.
On the Northern arm of the cross there's the White House, the residential place of the US President. The cornerstone of Executive Mansion, as it was originally known, dates from October 13, 1792, 300 years after the landing of Columbus. The president's house is the earliest of all government buildings in the DC. White House, completed in 1800 after a contest to find a suitable design, it was burnt down by the British troops in 1814, and then restored and decorated in white paint to hide the smoke marks - hence its name.
At the center of the cross rises the elegant Washington monument, a marble obelisk with an observation deck at the top. Washington is also famous for Lincoln Memorial, Jefferson Memorial, Grant Memorial, New Vietnam Veterans Memorial. On the south side, the unmistakable red building popularly known as " The Castle" houses part of the world-famous Smithonian Institution which administers many of Washington's museums, art Galleries and research institutes, including the National Air and Space Museum, the National Museum of History and Technology, the National Museum of Natural History, National Collection of Fine Arts housing exhibits that show the development of American art, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden that houses a rich collection of 19th and 20th century paintings and sculpture.
Across the Potomac River is Arlington National Cemetery, where's many of the nation's honored dead are buried, including John and Robert Kennedy.
There are five universities in the city. The national Academy of Science, Georgetown University and George Washington University are among.
3. Find in the above text the English equivalents to the following Russian word combinations:
округ Колумбия; был основан (заселен); названный в честь, главным образом обязан, краеугольный, политическое соглашение, заранее спланированный город; широкие проспекты; правительственные здания; официальная резиденция; гордость города, удобные дороги, достопримечательности, научно-исследовательский институт, уважаемый, богатая коллекция картин и скульптур.
4. Answer the questions:
1. Where is Washington, D. C. situated?
2. What river is Washington, D. C. situated on?
3. When was Washington, D. C. settled and why?
4. Why is the city called “Washington, D. C. ”?
5. How can people get to Washington?
6. What industries are there in Washington, D. C.?
7. What is the Capitol and what does it look like?
8. What is the White House?
9. What is the name of the President’s room in the White House and why?
10. Why is the Library of Congress notable?
11. What are the most impressive monuments and memorials in D. C.?
12. Why is Washington Monument so well-known?
13. Who is the Lincoln Memorial dedicated to and why?
14. What are the most notable museums in Washington, D. C.?
15. Why are there no skyscrapers in Washington?
16. Have you ever been to Washington, D. C.?
17. If yes, what did you like most of all? If no, what would you like to see there?
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