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Text 7. Convention on the Rights of the Child
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The Convention is the principal children’s treaty encompassing a full range of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. The Convention aims at protecting children from discrimination, neglect and abuse. It grants and provides for the implementation of rights for children both in times of peace and during armed conflict. The Convention constitutes a rallying point and a useful tool for civil society and individuals, and works for the protection and promotion of the rights of the child. In many respects, it is an innovative instrument.
It is the first legally binding international instrument which provides in a single text universally recognized norms and standards concerning the protection and promotion of the rights of the child.
It is the most rapidly and widely ratified international human rights instrument in the world. Such unprecedented wide participation clearly demonstrates a common political will to improve the situation of children.
The Convention emphasizes the spirit of complementarity and interdependence of human rights by combining civil and political rights with economic, social and cultural rights. It calls for a holistic approach in analysis and recognizes that the enjoyment of one right cannot be separated from the enjoyment of others.
It establishes a new vision of the child, combining provisions aimed at protecting the child through positive action by the State, the parents and relevant institutions, with the recognition of the child as a holder of participatory rights and freedoms.
In so doing, it establishes rights in new areas which were not covered by previous international instruments, such as the right of the child to freely express views and have them given due weight, and the right of the child to a name and nationality from birth. In addition, the Convention establishes standards in new areas including the issue of alternative care, the rights of disabled and refugee children and the administration of juvenile justice. The need for recovery and social reintegration of a child victim of neglect, exploitation or abuse is also set forth.
The Convention acknowledges the primary role of the family and parents in the care and protection of the child, while stressing the obligation of the State to help families in carrying out this task. It calls for positive action by institutions and the State or parents.
It constitutes a useful tool for advocacy and greater awareness of the new perspective of children's rights, and attaches special importance to international cooperation and assistance as ways of achieving the effective protection of children's rights.
Four general principles are enshrined in the Convention. They express the philosophy the Convention conveys and provide guidance for national programmes of implementation.
The key provisions focus on:
– Non-discrimination;
– Best interests of the child;
– Right to life, survival and development; and
– Views of the child.
The Convention establishes the Committee on the Rights of the Child, a monitoring body of ten experts whose purpose is to examine the progress made by States Parties in implementing the Convention.
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States Parties undertake to submit to the Committee, through the Secretary-General of the United Nations, reports on the measures they have adopted which give effect to the rights recognized herein and on the progress made on the enjoyment of those rights.
Answer the questions.
1) What is the aim of the Convention?
2) For what reasons is this Convention exceptional?
3) What does it establishes?
4) What rights of the child were not covered by previous international instruments?
5) Who has the primary role in the protection of the child?
6) What are the ways of the effective protection of children’s rights?
7) What are the key provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child?
Find the Russian equivalents of the following phrases.
| 1) awareness of the new perspectives 2) to stress the obligation of the State 3) to call for a holistic approach 4) to improve the situation of children 5) a holder of participatory rights and freedoms 6) to combine civil and political rights 7) to demonstrate a common will 8) victim of neglect or abuse 9) to provide for the implementation of rights 10)to constitute a useful tool | a) демонстрировать общее желание b) предусматривать осуществление прав c) подчеркивать обязанность государства d) обладатель общих прав и свобод e) жертва отсутствия заботы или плохого обращения f) осведомленность о новых перспективах g) улучшать положение детей h) представлять полезный инструмент i) призывать к целостному подходу j) сочетать гражданские и политические права |
Match two parts of the sentences.
| 1) States Parties undertake to 2) This document provides recognized norms and standards 3) The Convention recognizes the child as 4) The right of the child to freely express views 5) New standards also include 6) International cooperation and assistance are the ways of 7) Four general principles provide guidance for | a) concerning the protection and promotion of the rights of the child. b) the administration of juvenile justice. c) national programmes of implementation. d) achieving the effective protection of children’s rights. e) was not covered by previous international instruments. f) submit to the Committee their reports on the adopted measures. g) a holder of participatory rights and freedoms |
Put the words into the right order.
1) role / family / acknowledge / of / Convention / primary / the / parents / the / and / the
2) armed / it / grants / the / implementation / times / of / both / children’s / and / of / during / conflict / in / peace / rights
3) world / international / it / rights / rapidly / in / the / human / ratified / the / instrument / is
4) from / enjoyment / separated / right / of / cannot / the / others / the / one / be / enjoyment / of
5) attaches / assistance / international / to / cooperation / and / special / it / importance
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Complete the sentences by translating into English the phrases in italics.
1) The Convention stresses the obligation of the State to help families в осуществлении этой задачи.
2) The right of the child to a name and nationality с рождения was not covered by предыдущими international instruments.
3) The new vision of the child combines положения aimed at protecting the child through positive action государства, the parents and соответствующих institutions.
4) The Committee on the Rights of the Child is a контролирующий body of ten experts чья задача is to examine the progress of States Parties в исполнении the Convention.
5) New areas of standards установленные by the Convention также включают the rights of disabled and беженцев children and the administration of несовершеннолетнее justice.
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