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Unit 5. The Present and Past Continuous.
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The Present Continuous Tense обозначает действие, которое происходит в настоящий момент или период времени.
am
is + V-ing
Are
+ She is riding a horse now.
– She isn’t riding a horse
? Is she riding a horse now?
Yes, she is.
No, she isn’t.
The Past Continuous Tense обозначает действие, которое происходило в какой-то определенный момент или период времени в прошлом.
Was / were + V- ing
+ He was playing chess at 3 p.m. all morning
– He wasn’t playing chess at 3 p.m. from 2 till 5
? Was he playing chess at 3 p.m.? when you came
Yes, he was.
No, he wasn’t.
Exercise 5.1. In the passage below, explain the usage of the marked verbs in different tenses.
Pollution is hanging like a brown cloud over New York today. Dirt and smoke are pouring from cars and factories. Pollution is spoiling the air we breathe, and it’ s harming our health. New York has a big problem these days. The city has dirty air.The air smells, and it looks ugly. Pollution is hurting people’s lungs.
Глаголы smell («пахнуть») и look («выглядеть») обозначают не действие, а состояние. Глаголы такого типа (state verbs), как правило, не употребляются во временах группы Continuous. Вместо них используются времена Simple. Наиболее употребительными глаголами такого типа являются: like, love, hate, want, need, know, understand, remember, forget, believe, look («выглядеть»), seem, smell («пахнуть»), taste («быть на вкус»), belong, think («думать, полагать»).
Exercise 5.1.1. Correct the sentences if they are wrong. If the sentence is right, put a tick. Pay attention to the state verbs.
1. You are looking beautiful today.
2. These flowers smell really nice.
3. I’m needing your help.
4. He is studying at the moment.
5. The soup is tasting delicious.
6. You’re driving too fast.
7. Do you believe me?
8. Don’t touch it. It isn’t belonging to you.
9. I want to drink something right now. I’m very thirsty.
10. He seemed so sad at the party yesterday.
Exercise 5.1.3. Translate from Russian into English using present or past tenses (Simple or Continuous).
1. Я люблю смотреть футбол по телевизору.
2. Он сейчас смотрит футбол с другом.
3. Вчера в 6 вечера я смотрел фильм на английском. Я понял почти всё.
4. Он не хочет помогать ей.
5. – Почему ты смотришь на эту фотографию? – Я думаю, я знаю этого человека. Но я не помню, где я его видел.
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6. Она часто забывает дни рождения своих друзей.
Text 5.2. In-line roller-skating
Exercise 5.2.1. Vocabulary. Find the meaning of the following words in the dictionary.
to crash, experience, to frighten, grown-ups, indoors, joggers, a mirror, outdoors, to wear,
Exercise 5.2.2. Read and translate the text paying attention to the Present and Past Continuous Tenses:
Children and grown-ups are doing it. Skiers and hockey players are doing it. Athletes and acrobats are doing it. What is “it”? In-line skating!
In-line roller skates are more and more popular. Millions of people in Europe and the USA are putting on their skates and doing the strangest things.
Ice-hockey players and skiers use them in summer. Some have stopped
playing ice hockey and play roller hockey with in-line skates instead. Why? It’s more fun! Roller hockey combines elements of hockey and basketball. Even women play in-line roller hockey.
The streets of America are full of children playing hockey on their skates.
There are now special skating sections in London parks so that skaters don’t frighten joggers and walkers when they whiz past at 50 kilometers per hour!
Of course, some people like competitions, so there are in-line speed-skating championships with different distances.
Joseph Merlin, a Belgian inventor and musical instrument maker, invented
roller skates in about 1760. He was also the first person to wear them. He wore his new metal skates to a party in London, where he crashed into a very expensive mirror.
He wasn’t very interested in skating after this experience.
In 1863, James Plimpton, an American businessman, invented a roller skate that could turn. Plimpton opened a skating club in New York where gentlemen enjoyed showing off for the ladies by doing fancy figures, steps and turns.
Within 20 years, roller skating had become a popular pastime for men and
women. Indoors, wealthy gentlemen played “roller polo”, a hockey game. Others held contests in dance and figure skating. Outdoors, men and women were racing in speed contests. The more the public saw of skating, the more they wanted to try it themselves. Roller skating was soon enjoying its first boom. Roller hockey teams were playing throughout Europe as early as 1901.
In the 1970s, the first plastic skate wheels were made. Such wheels were quieter than those made of wood or metal, and skaters could move faster and easier.
In 1980s, a new kind of roller skates appeared. They are called in-line roller skates. They were invented by two brothers in Minnesota, USA, who wanted to practice ice-hockey in summer.
Everybody liked the invention and soon the two brothers started to produce inline skates commercially. In 1984, Rollerblade, the first in-line skate company was born. Today, there are lots of companies and lots of skates.
Exercise 5.2.2. Answer the following question.
1. Who and when invented roller skates?
2. Why wasn’t Joseph Merlin interested in skating?
3. What did James Plimpton invent in 1863?
4. What game did wealthy gentlemen play indoors?
5. What were the advantages of plastic skate wheels?
6. What is the difference between usual roller skates and in-line ones?
Exercise 5.2.3. Ask questions to the underlined words and expressions.
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Example.
Millions of people in Europe and the USA are putting on their skates and doing the strangest things.
How many people in Europe and USA are putting on their skates …?
Exercise 5.2.4. Check your memory. Speak about the history of roller skates.
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