 |
Complete the sentences with words from the text.
|
|
|
|
САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ЭКОНОМИКИ
Факультет иностранных языков
Собакарь Т. Г.
Черняк Е. В.
УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЕ ПОСОБИЕ
ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ЗАОЧНОГО ОТДЕЛЕНИЯ
«ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ КУРС ПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ»
Санкт-Петербург
Данное пособие предусматривает подготовку студентов заочного отделения к сдаче экзамена по английскому языку. Основная тематика данного курса «Работа, карьера и устройство на работу». Пособие разделено на две части. Первая часть содержит материалы для подготовки студентов к устной части экзамена. На экзамене студенты читают и переводят текст и составляют монологическое высказывание по предложенной теме. Высказывание должно состоять из 12-15 предложений. Монологическое высказывание необходимо рассказывать, а не читать. Тексты подобраны по теме уровня Pre-Intermediate и Intermediate. Допуском к экзамену является контрольная работа. Подготовиться к контрольной работе поможет вторая часть пособия. В контрольной работе студенты должны показать свое умение понимать тексты по предложенной тематике, выполняя упражнения к тексту. Упражнения включают задания: ответить на вопросы, подтвердить предложения с указанием соответствия их содержанию текста, закончить предложения. В контрольной работе студенты должны написать резюме. Прилагаются рекомендации к написанию резюме. Лексические упражнения проверяют понимание лексики по данной теме. Основной целью грамматических упражнений является повторение временной системы и модальных глаголов. В конце пособия прилагается дополнительный материал: лексика и грамматические правила.
PART 1
TEXTS
|
|
|
Read the introduction to the text.
Who is Ricardo Semler? What problem did he have?
At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father’s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Knowing his son was still young, Semler senior told him,” Better make your mistakes while I’m still alive.”
Semler junior worked like a madman, from 7.30 a.m. until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said,” There’s nothing wrong with you. Yet. But if you continue like this, you’ll find a new home in our hospital.” Semler got a message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.
What changes do you think Semler made? Read the rest of the text to find out.
Semco
“Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone.”
He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. “Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopies, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone.”
He completely reorganized the office instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can’t shut themselves away from everyone else. And the workers are free to decorate their workplace as they want. As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts.
Semler says, ‘We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn’t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump on other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to split into the sea, Rubin springs into action. He knows everything there is to know about pumps and how to fix them. That’s when he earns his salary No one cares if he doesn’t look busy the rest of the time.’
Semco has flexible working hours; the employees decide when they need to arrive at work. The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holiday for at least thirty days a year.
It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers: in last six years, Semco’s revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $ 212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3000. Why?
Semler says it’s because of ‘peer pressure’. Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else. If someone isn’t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults. And they do.
Answer the questions.
1 What do employees at Semco do that they probably wouldn’t do in other companies?
2 How does Semco and its staff look different from other companies?
3 Who is Rubin Agater and why is he important at Semco?
4 How does Semco show that it trusts its workers?
5 Do Semco’s methods work?
6 What is ‘peer pressure’ and why is it important at Semco?
|
|
|
1.4 You are going to read about a man who does temping work for a living. As you read, find out:
1 what temping work is
2 why he does temping work
Work or life?
A lot of people ask me why I do temping work rather than get a permanent job with one company. I guess it’s partly because of my father. He was a computer programmer for a big multinational company. His job was very important to him. He used to work very long hours. When we were kids, he often got home after nine o’clock at night – the time that we went to bed. Sometimes I didn’t see him for days and days. He did very well in his job. He got promoted. He became the manager for the whole of the country and then the whole of South-east Asia. He just worked harder and harder. I don’t think he was really happy doing what he was doing but I guess he couldn’t see any other way. Then, when he retired, he didn’t know what to do. He was even more unhappy. He died of a heart attack when he was 68.
I don’t want to be like that. Doing temping work means I don’t have to go to work every day. When I work, I don’t have to do the same things or see the same people every day. That’s why I like it. I’ve been with the same agency for about ten years now. They know I’m a good worker and I’m reliable – I’ve never been late for work – so I can more or less choose the jobs I want to do.
Sometimes I work in the same place for a few weeks, sometimes it’s for just one day. I only get paid for the days I work, so if I’m not very well and take a day off sick, or if I want a holiday, I don’t get any money. I suppose that if I had a family, it would be a problem, but I don’t mind. Money isn’t that important to me. It’s more important that I can take time off when I want to. Some of my friends only get two weeks’ holiday a year. I often take five or six weeks’ holiday and go travelling all over the world.
At the moment, I’m working in an office as a secretary. I’ve been there for about three months. It’s a nice place. The people who work there are really friendly, but I’m getting a bit fed up with the work, so I think I’ll probably ask to change and do something else soon. I do quite a lot of office work because I’m good at typing, but I’ve done lots of other jobs as well. I’ve been a security guard and a barman; I washed cars one summer; and I worked in a hotel in a ski resort for two winters, which was good because I went skiing a lot. Not all the jobs are good, though. The worst job I had was when I worked in an abattoir, which is a place where they kill animals. I had to cut up the meat, pack it and send it off to supermarkets. Then I had to clean the floor. It was disgusting! My best job was working in a chocolate factory for a week. I went home with lots of free chocolate bars. That was great!
Complete the sentences with words from the text.
1 I work very long ______ - I start at nine in the morning and finish at nine at night.
2 She did very well in her job. After two years, she got _____ to manager.
3 He’s a very ______ worker. He never arrives late and always does his work on time.
4 If you ‘re really feeling bad, you should take a day _____ sick.
5 I travel a lot with my job. I go all _____ the world. It’s great.
6 I work in the main university finance _____ as a secretary.
7 My job is quite boring. I’m getting a bit _____ up with it.
8 I have to clean all the toilets in the hotel. It’s really _____!
|
|
|
