 |
Степени сравнения прилагательных
|
|
|
|
СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
ИЗДАНИЕ СЕДЬМОЕ, ИСПРАВЛЕННОЕ И ДОПОЛНЕННОЕ
Голицынский Ю. Б.
Грамматика: Сборник упражнений. — 7-е изд., испр. и доп. — СПб.: КАРО, 2011.
Сборник упражнений по всем разделам английской грамматики. Упражнения основаны на несложной лексике. Они содержат достаточно материала для запоминания основных грамматических форм и выработки навыков их применения. Дополнен теоретическим материалом и словарем.
Оглавление
АРТИКЛЬ. 3
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ. 39
МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ SOME, ANY, NO, EVERY И ИХ ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ. 43
MUCH, MANY, (A) LITTLE, (A) FEW... 52
СТЕПЕНИ СРАВНЕНИЯ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ.. 55
ПРЕДЛОГИ.. 60
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ ВРЕМЕН.. 70
PASSIVE VOICE. 128
СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕН. КОСВЕННАЯ РЕЧЬ. 140
ИНФИНИТИВ.. 160
ПРИЧАСТИЕ. 166
ГЕРУНДИЙ.. 177
ПРИЧАСТИЕ, ГЕРУНДИЙ И ОТГЛАГОЛЬНОЕ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ. 189
СЛОЖНОЕ ДОПОЛНЕНИЕ (COMPLEX OBJECT) 193
СЛОЖНОЕ ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ (COMPLEX SUBJECT) 205
УСЛОВНЫЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ. СОСЛАГАТЕЛЬНОЕ НАКЛОНЕНИЕ ПОСЛЕ “I WISH”. 209
МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ.. 218
КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ.. 247
Фонетические символы, используемые в словаре. 249
АНГЛО-РУССКИЙ СЛОВАРЬ. 251
РУССКО-АНГЛИЙСКИЙ СЛОВАРЬ. 337
SOURCES. 378
DICTIONARIES. 379
Предисловие
Предлагаемый сборник содержит грамматические упражнения по основным темам грамматики английского языка: артикль, существительное, неопределенные местоимения some, any, no и их производные, местоимения much, many, (a) little, (a) few, степени сравнения прилагательных, предлоги, употребление времен, страдательный залог, согласование времен и косвенная речь, неличные формы глагола, сложное дополнение, сложное подлежащее, условные предложения и употребление сослагательного наклонения после I wish, модальные глаголы.
Настоящее, седьмое издание сборника подверглось переработке, в процессе которой были сделаны необходимые исправления и дополнения.
|
|
|
В данном учебном пособии предложен новый интересный материал:
1) о Олимпийских играх в Пекине и Ванкувере;
2) о Олимпийских играх в Лондоне и Сочи;
3) о финансовом кризисе в 2007-2010 гг.;
4) о развитии экономики в Китае и Индии;
5) о глобальном потеплении.
Включены такие тексты, как:
1) «Барак Обама — 44-й президент США»;
2) «Премьер-министр Соединенного Королевства Джеймс Гордон Браун» (2007-2010 гг.);
3) «1150-летие Господина Великого Новгорода».
Изучение этого материала дает возможность познакомиться с политической и экономической лексикой английского языка. Упражнения, представляющие собой связные тексты, можно также использовать и для развития навыков устной речи. После выполнения задания по грамматике все связные тексты могут использоваться в различных вопросно-ответных упражнениях, пересказах, беседах и т. п.
Сборник завершается контрольными упражнениями, позволяющими проверить правильность усвоения учащимися применения артиклей, употребления времен в активном и пассивном залогах, герундия, причастия и модальных глаголов.
Для некоторых грамматических явлений в сборнике приведены примечания, в которых указана ссылка на: 1) пособие по грамматике английского языка: Raymond Murphy “Essential Grammar in Use”; 2) словарь “Cambridge International Dictionary of English”.
Кроме того, расширен и выверен словарь, исправлены орфография и транскрипция. Изменения, внесенные в словарь сборника, выполнены в соответствии с орфографией и транскрипцией словаря Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture. — Longman Group UK Limited, 1992. Англо-русский и русско-английский словарь сборника помещен в конце книги, причем он включает все слова, имеющиеся в упражнениях, благодаря чему у ученика не будет необходимости обращаться к большому словарю в поисках незнакомых слов, что облегчит ему работу и сократит время на выполнение упражнений. Перед словарем приведены таблицы с фонетическими символами, используемыми в транскрипции английских слов.
|
|
|
Сборник предназначен для учащихся средних школ, независимо от их профиля, а также может быть использован при работе со взрослыми. При существующем в настоящее время большом разнообразии учебных программ и учебников не представляется целесообразным согласовывать лексический и грамматический материал с каким-нибудь определенным учебником. В пределах каждого раздела сборника упражнения расположены по мере возрастания трудностей, что дает возможность учителю подбирать упражнения в соответствии с языковым уровнем учащихся.
Все упражнения сборника снабжены ключами, которые изданы отдельной книгой. Наличие ключей позволит использовать данный сборник упражнений в качестве пособия для самостоятельной работы.
Из собственного многолетнего опыта преподавательской работы авторы сборника знают, что количество грамматических упражнений, предлагаемых любым учебником, недостаточно, а учитель всегда испытывает потребность в дополнительных упражнениях. Поэтому предлагаемый сборник упражнений может оказаться уместным и полезным для работы по любому учебнику и с любой аудиторией.
Авторы
АРТИКЛЬ
| Запомните следующие правила: Перед каждым нарицательным существительным должен стоять артикль. Если вы не употребляете перед существительным артикль, вы должны уметь объяснить, почему. Артикль не употребляется, 1) если перед существительным стоит притяжательное или 2) указательное местоимение, 3)другое существительное в притяжательном падеже, 4)количественное числительное или 5) отрицание no (не not!). |
Упражнение 1
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is... pen. That is... pencil. 2. This is... book. It is my... book. 3. Is this your... pencil? — No, it isn’t my... pencil, it is my sister’s... pencil. 4. I have... sister. My... sister is... engineer. My sister’s... husband is... doctor. They have got two... children. 5. This is... girl. This... girl is their... daughter. Their daughter’s... name is Vera. 6. That is... boy. That... boy is her... brother. Her brother’s... name is Nick. 7. This is our... flat. 8. We have got... car. Our... car is not very expensive but reliable. 9. I have no... pet. 10. My granny has got... headache. She has no... idea what to do. 11. I have... friend. His... name is Mike. My... friend is very good. 12. It’s... cat. Its... tail is long and bushy. It’s Mike’s... cat.
|
|
|
Упражнение 2
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. When is your... birthday? — My... birthday is (on) 1st May. 2. Do you remember your mother’s... birthday? — Yes, I do. 3. His... uncle is generous and her... aunt is very kind. 4. That... man is very clever. His... book is recognized by a lot of people. 5. They know our... address. 6. Their... son speaks English very well. 7. My cousin’s... dog is small. Its... hair is curly. 8. Is this... watch? No, it isn’t... watch, it’s... pen. 9. This... pen is good, and that... pen is bad. 10. I can see... pencil on your... table, but I can see no... paper. 11. Give me... chair, please. 12. They have... dog and two... cats. 13. I have... spoon in my... soup plate, but I have no... soup in it. 14. My... friend says he is going to be... millionaire one... day. 15. Would you like... orange? 16. Mr Smith is... artist. Mrs Smith is... poetess. She is not... singer.
| Упоминая предмет впервые, мы употребляем перед ним неопределенный артикль а (ап). Упоминая этот же предмет вторично, мы ставим перед ним определенный артикль the. • E.g. This is a book. The book is interesting. |
Упражнение 3
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Не hasn’t got... car. But he’s got... computer.... computer is new. 2. His... friends have got... cat and... dog.... dog never bites... cat. 3. This is... tree.... tree is green. 4. I can see three... boys.... boys are playing. 5. I have... bicycle.... bicycle is black. My... friend has no... bicycle. 6. Our... room is large. 7. We wrote... dictation yesterday.... dictation was long. 8. She has two... daughters and one... son. Her... son is... pupil. 9. Last year I gave my... mother... bracelet for her... birthday. She liked... bracelet. 10. My... brother’s... friend has no... dog. 11. This... pencil is broken. Give me that... pencil, please. 12. She has... ball.... ball is... big. 13. I got... letter from my... friend yesterday.... letter was interesting. 14. When they were in Geneva, they stayed at... hotel. Sometimes they had dinner at... hotel and sometimes in... restaurant. 15. I’ve got... idea. 16. What... surprise! Our... parents gave us... DVD player for Christmas.
| Неопределенный артикль a (an) может употребляться только с исчисляемыми существительными, стоящими в единственном числе. Перед неисчисляемыми существительными или существительными во множественном числе неопределенный артикль опускается. Определенный артикль the употребляется как с исчисляемыми, так и с неисчисляемыми существительными, как с единственным, так и со множественным числом. • Е.g. This is a book. The book is interesting. исчисляемое в единственном числе This is ✓ meat. The meat is fresh. неисчисляемое These are ✓ books. The books are good. множественное число. |
Упражнение 4
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is... pen.... pen is red. 2. These are pencils.... pencils are black. 3. This is... soup.... soup is so tasty. 4. In the morning I eat... sandwich and drink... tea. 5. She gave me... coffee and... cake.... coffee was hot.... cake was very tasty. 6. Do you like... ice cream? 7. I see... book in your... hand. Is... book interesting? 8. Do you need... camera? 9. He never eats... meat, he always eats... vegetables,... cereals,... seeds,... fruit, and... nuts. He is... vegetarian. 10. This is... pineapple.... pineapple is delicious. 11. Elaine,... apples are good for you! 12. My... cousin is upset. He’s got... sore throat. 13. This is... cottage cheese.... cottage cheese is fresh. 14. She bought... meat,... butter and... potatoes yesterday. She also bought... cake.... cake was... delicious. We ate... cake and drank... tea. 15. This is my... table. On... table I have... books, two... pencils,... pen and... paper. 16. This is... bag.... bag is brown. It is my sister’s... bag. And this is my... bag. It is... yellow.
|
|
|
| Запомните следующие словосочетания, в которых артикль не употребляется: at ✓ school at ✓ home at ✓ work |
Упражнение 5
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. I have two... sisters. My... sisters are... students. 2. We are at... home. 3. My... brother is not at... home, he is at... school. 4. My... mother is at... work. She is... doctor. 5. I am not... doctor. 6. He has no... sister. 7. He is not... pilot. 8. I have thirty-two... teeth. 9. He has... child. 10. She has two... children. Her children are at... school. 11. Is your father at... home? — No, he is at... work. 12. Where is your... brother? — He is at... home.
| Если перед существительным употребляется прилагательное, оно стоит между артиклем и существительным. • E.g. This is a book. This is a good book. |
Упражнение 6.
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. We have... large... family. 2. My granny often tells us... long... interesting... stories. 3. My... father is... engineer. He works in... factory.... factory is large. 4. My... mother is... doctor. She works at... large... hospital. She is at... work now. 5. My... aunt is... teacher. She works at... school.... school is good. My... aunt is not at... school now. She is at... home. She is drinking... tea and eating... jam.... jam is sweet. I am at... home, too. I am drinking... tea and eating... sandwich.... sandwich is tasty. 6. My sister is at... school. She is... pupil. 7. My cousin has... big... black... cat. My cousin’s... cat has two... kittens.... cat likes... milk.... kittens like... milk, too. 8. I am... engineer. 9. My... son is... pupil. 10. He is... good... pupil. 11. This is... house. 12. This is my... laptop. 13. You have some... pencils, but I have no... pencil. Give me... pencil, please. 14. It’s... small... animal that has... long... ears,... short... tail, and... soft... hair.
| Часто, даже упоминая предмет впервые, мы, тем не менее, употребляем перед ним определенный артикль: а) если упоминаемый предмет является единственным в мире: • E.g. The sun is shining brightly. б) если этот предмет является определенным по ситуации: • E.g. Put the book on the table. |
Упражнение 7
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. What’s... weather like today? —... weather is fine. 2.... sun is yellow. 3.... sky is grey today. 4.... Earth is... planet. 5. We had... English lesson yesterday.... teacher asked me many... questions.... questions were difficult. 6. Where is your... brother? — He is at... home. He is in his... room. He is sitting at... table. He is doing his... homework.... homework is difficult. 7. Our... cat is sitting on... sofa. 8. It is very dark in... room. Turn on... light, please. 9. Nick went into... bathroom, turned on... water and washed his... hands. 10. Ann turned on... television to watch... evening news. 11. She doesn’t often watch... television. 12. You can’t see... moon in... sky tonight.
Упражнение 8
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is... good... book. Take... book from... table. Put this... book in... bookcase. 2.... weather is fine today.... sky is blue.... sun is shining brightly in... blue... sky. 3. This is... boy.... boy is at... school. He is... pupil. This... boy is my... brother’s... friend. He has... cat, but he has no... dog. He likes his... cat. He gives... cat... milk every day. 4. Yesterday I received... letter from my... friend.... letter was important. 5. We live in... big house. Hike... house very much. 6. Are you... worker? — No, I am... student. 7. I like your... beautiful... flower. Give me... flower, please. 8. My... mother is at... home. She is reading... marvellous... story. 9. My... father is not at... home. He is at... work. He is not... lawyer. He is... doctor. He is... good... doctor. He works at... hospital.... hospital is large. 10. That is... book.... book is thick. That... book isn’t thin. This is... interesting thick book. 11. Those are... books.... books are new and old. Those are... new and old books. Those... books are interesting.
|
|
|
| Кроме того, существует огромное количество так называемых устойчивых словосочетаний, в которых артикль употребляется или отсутствует традиционно. Эти словосочетания приходится заучивать наизусть. Запомните следующие конструкции: There is а.... Where is the...? |
| Запомните также следующие предложения: The (book) is on the (table). • Ho: The (book) is on a little (table)[1]. |
Упражнение 9
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. There is... big tree in... garden. 2. There is... bank near here. — Where is... bank? 3. There is... new supermarket in... centre of our... town. 4. There is... hotel over there.... hotel isn’t cheap. 5. Where is... cat? —... cat is on... sofa. 6. Where is... book? —... book is on... shelf. 7. Where are... flowers? —... flowers are in... beautiful vase. 8. Where is... vase? —... vase is on... little table near... window. 9. Open... window, please.... weather is fine today. I can see... sun in... sky. I can see... nice little bird.... bird is sitting in... big tree.... tree is green. 10. There is... little white cloud in... sky. 11. What... beautiful... day! 12. We have... large room. There is... big sofa in... room and... little lamp on... wall over... sofa. I like to sit on... sofa and read... good book. 13. This is... computer.... computer isn’t old. This... computer is new. This is... good new computer. 14. These are... computers.... computers are new. These aren’t... old computers. These are... new computers. These... computers are good.
| Запомните следующее устойчивое словосочетание: in ✓ front (of) |
Упражнение 10
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. There is... wonderful small computer in... front of... books there. 2. Where is... soup? —... soup is in... big saucepan on... gas cooker. 3. Where are... cutlets? —... cutlets are in... refrigerator on... little plate. 4. There is no... bread on... table. Where is... bread? 5. There is... little brown coffee table in our... room in... front of... sofa. 6. Where is... table in your... room? 7. There is... thick carpet on... floor in my mother’s... room. 8. Is your brother at... home? — No, he is at... work. He works in... big factory. He is... engineer. 9. My sister has many... books.... books are in... big bookcase. She has really... good... taste in... books. 10.... weather is fine today. Let’s go and play in... yard. There are many... children in... yard. They are playing with... ball.
| Запомните следующие конструкции, требующие неопределенного артикля: I have а... This is а... I am а... Не has а... That is а... Не is а... I see a... It is a... She is а... There is a... |
Упражнение 11
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. I see... bottle of... pineapple... juice on... kitchen table. 2. Her... son has... great... sense of... humor. 3. There was... disco at... club last Sunday but he didn’t go. 4. Is there... bus stop near... building? 5. We have... big dog.... dog is very clever. 6. My friend has... very good computer. 7. This... boy is big. He is... student. 8. There is... large piano in... hall. 9. This is... tree and that is not... tree. It’s... bush. 10. I am... boy. I am... pupil. I study at... school. 11. My sister is at... work. She is... secretary. She works for... new company. 12. This is... very difficult question. I don’t know... answer to it. 13. Do you see... little girl with... big ball in her... hands? She is... pupil of our... school. 14. There was... beautiful flower in this... vase yesterday. Where is... flower now? 15. Last year we were in Geneva. It is... exciting city to visit, but... very expensive place to live.
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: in the middle in the corner to the right to the left |
Упражнение 12
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. There is... jar of... delicious orange marmelade in... middle of... shelf. 2. There is... big... box of... cereal to... right of you. 3. There is... bunch of... bananas on... table. Don’t keep them in... fridge. 4. There is... loaf of... white... bread on... upper... shelf of... fridge. If you want your... bread to be fresh, keep it only in... fridge. 5. Is there... bag of... flour in... cupboard? 6. There was... bottle of... drinking water in... comer of... kitchen. 7. There is... thick red... carpet in my... room.... carpet is on... floor in... front of... sofa. 8. Where is... table in your brother’s... room? — His... table is near... window. 9. I can see... fine... vase on... shelf. There are... lovely... flowers in... vase. 10. They have no... piano in their... living room. 11. My... uncle is... married. He has... beautiful wife. They have... son, but they have no... daughter. 12. I can see... nice... coffee table in... middle of... room to... right of... door. It is... black and... red. I like... coffee table. 13. Our... TV set is on... little... table in... corner of... room. 14. There is... beautiful picture in my father’s... study.... picture is on... wall to... left of... window. 15. What... picture!
Упражнение 13
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
Mу aunt’s flat is in... new house. There is... living room,... bedroom,... study,... bathroom and... kitchen in... flat.... bedroom is... large room with... two windows.... room is light as... windows are large. There are... white curtains on... windows. There are... two beds with... large pillows on them. There are... small tables near... beds. There are... lamps on them. To... left of... door there is... dressing table with... mirror on it. There is... low chair at... dressing table. There are... several pictures on... pale green walls. There is... thick carpet on... floor.... carpet is dark green.... room is very cosy.
| Если после конструкции there is (there are) стоит неисчисляемое существительное или существительное во множественном числе, вместо опущенного неопределенного артикля часто (не обязательно) употребляется слово some. |
Упражнение 14
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. There is... park behind... hospital. There are... beautiful... trees in... park. 2. There is... good... film on TV this... evening. I am going to watch it. 3. There is... library between... school and... bank. There are... English and German books in this... library. 4. There is... sofa in... corner of... room. 5. There are... cushions on... sofa. 6. There are... books on... shelf. Give me... book, please. 7. What can you see in... fridge? — There is... sausage on... top shelf, but there is no... cheese there. There is... butter in... butter dish. There are... tomatoes and... carrots on... bottom shelf. There are... eggs and... apples on... next shelf. There is... orange,... lemon, and... jam in... little jar there. 8. There is... juice in this... carton. May I drink... juice? 9. There are... girls in... yard, but I can see no... boys. Where are... boys? — Oh, all... boys are playing football at... stadium. 10. There is... peculiar charm in her... voice. 11. There is... money in... purse.
Упражнение 15
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Where is... bus station? —... bus station is next to... gas station. 2. There are two... pets in... house:... cat and... dog. 3. There is... TV antenna on... roof. 4. There is... mailbox between... building and... bus stop. 5. There is... big... dog in... front of... fireplace. 6. Do you speak English at... work? 7. She had... bad... day today. 8. I have... colour TV set.... TV set is on... little table in... corner of... room. 9. There is... book,... pen, and... paper on my... writing desk. 10. My... brother is... teacher. He works at... school. He has... very good books. His... books are in... big bookcase. 11. There is... tea in my... glass. There is no... tea in my... friend’s... glass. His... glass is empty. 12. Where is... coffee table in your... room? —... coffee table is in... front of... sofa. There is... cup on... coffee table and... box of... chocolates. There is... coffee in... cup. 13. There are... photographs and newspapers on... sofa. 14. There is... guitar on... chair near... piano. 15. There was... piano in... corner of... living room. He sat at... piano for... hours, playing... favourite pieces from... classical music. He was... wonderful piano player.
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: in the morning in the evening in the afternoon at ✓ night А также: to go to ✓ bed to go to ✓ school to go to ✓ work |
Упражнение 16
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Every day my... brother and I get up at eight o’clock and walk to... school. I like... school. It’s... fun. My ... brother loves... football. He hates... homework. So he doesn’t like to go to... school. Will he go to... work in... future? 2. My... friend has to get up early in... morning because he goes to... school. That’s why he usually goes to... bed early in... evening. 3.... weather was very bad in... morning yesterday.... sky was grey and it was raining. But in... middle of... day... weather began to change.... rain stopped and... sun appeared from behind... clouds. In... afternoon it was very warm. I did not want to stay at... home and went into... yard. There were... boys and... girls in... yard. We played in... yard till late in... evening. When I came... home, I drank... tea, ate... sandwich and went to... bed at once. I slept very well at... night.
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: at ✓ half past five at a quarter past five to go ✓ home to come ✓ home to leave ✓ home for ✓ work (for ✓ school) |
Упражнение 17
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Му brother is... pupil. Не goes to... school. He goes to... school in... morning. He has five or six... lessons every day. In... afternoon he goes... home. At... home he does his... homework. In... evening he reads... books. He usually goes to... bed at... half past ten. At... night he sleeps. 2. My father goes to... work in... morning and conies... home in... evening. 3. I get up at... half past seven in... morning and go to... bed at... quarter to eleven in... evening. 4. When does your mother leave... home for... work? — She leaves... home for... work at... quarter past eight. 5. When do you leave... home for... school? — I leave... home for... school at... half past... eight. 6. What do you do when you come... home from... school? — I do my... homework, talk to my... friends on... phone and go for... walks. I often listen to... music. I like... jazz best. Sometimes I play... computer games.
| Перед названиями месяцев и дней недели артикль не употребляется. School begins in ✓ September. We rest on ✓ Sunday. Перед порядковыми числительными обычно употребляется определенный артикль. Our classroom is on the second floor. Today is the tenth of May. |
Упражнение 18
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. We always go to... Russian Museum on... Sunday. 2. On... Saturday she usually goes to... Philharmonic. 3. In... August he has his... birthday. He is planning to have... nice party with his... friends. 4. There are three rooms and... kitchen in our new flat. 5. My new dress is made of... silk. 6. If you want to write something on... blackboard, you must have... piece of... chalk. 7. Are there any pupils in... classroom? 8. I have... new English book. I find... book quite fascinating. 9. There is... garden in... front of our school.... garden is not large, but it is very nice. 10.... May is... fifth month of the year. 11.... Saturday is... sixth day of the week. 12.... Sunday is... day off. 13. Today is... ninth of... May. Anton has got... new mobile phone. He is going to make... phone call to his... grandfather. 14. This is... nice place. In... June we are going there for... holiday. It’ll be... great fun.
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: after ✓ work after ✓ school from ✓ work from ✓ school |
Упражнение 19
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is... classroom.... classroom is large and light. 2. There is... picture on... wall. 3. What is... date today? It is... seventh of... December. 4.... third lesson today is... lesson of English. 5. Pete, go to... blackboard. 6. After... school I usually go... home. 7. My father always comes from... work late: at eight o’clock or at... half past eight. But on... Friday he comes... home early: at half past four or at... quarter to five. On... Saturday and on... Sunday he does not go to... work. 8. My friends live in... small town. It is... new town.... streets in... town are broad and straight. There are... beautiful buildings in them.... town is very green, and so... air is fresh. There are... beautiful parks and gardens in... town.... people like to go there after... work. In... evening you can hear... sounds of... music from... parks. There are... schools,... libraries,... supermarket,... hospital,... theatre,... cinemas,... clinics and... kindergartens in... town.
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: to have (cook, make, prepare) ✓ breakfast ✓ lunch ✓ tea ✓ dinner ✓ supper |
Упражнение 20
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
I go to... school in... morning, so I get up early.
I usually get up at... quarter past seven. I go to... bathroom, turn on... water and wash my face and hands. My father and mother also get up early in... morning. My mother works in... office. She is... typist. My father is... doctor. He works at... hospital. We have... breakfast in... kitchen. We eat... porridge and... eggs. We drink... tea. My father and mother leave... home for... work at... half past eight. My father goes to... hospital, and my mother goes to... office. I don’t leave... home with my parents:... school where I study is near our house. I leave... home for... school at... quarter to nine. My granny stays at... home and cooks... dinner. I have... lunch at... school after... third lesson. My father and mother have... lunch at... work. When we come... home, we have... dinner.
Упражнение 21
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Every day ту husband goes to... work, my son goes to... school and I go to... institute. 2. There is... new school at... corner of our street. 3. My daughter came... home from... school on... Monday and said to me, “There will be... parents’ meeting on... tenth of February at six o’clock in... evening.” 4.... teacher read us... very interesting story at... lesson. 5. When... bell rang,... pupils went into... classroom. 6. We are usually at... school from nine o’clock in... morning till two o’clock in... afternoon. 7. We don’t go to... school on... Sunday. 8. We stay at... home and relax. I like to read... books for... relaxation.
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: after ✓ breakfast before ✓ breakfast after ✓ lunch before ✓ lunch after ✓ tea before ✓ tea after ✓ dinner before ✓ dinner after ✓ supper before ✓ supper at ✓ breakfast for ✓ breakfast at ✓ lunch for ✓ lunch at ✓ tea for ✓ tea at ✓ dinner for ✓ dinner at ✓ supper for ✓ supper |
Упражнение 22
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. What do you do after... breakfast? — After... breakfast I go to... school. 2. My granny likes to read... book after... lunch. 3.... people usually have... breakfast in... morning. They have... dinner in... afternoon. In... evening... people have... supper. 4. There is a proverb: “After... dinner sleep awhile, after... supper walk... mile.” 5. Who cooks... dinner in your family? 6. Yesterday father told us... very amusing story at... breakfast. 7. What did you have for... lunch at... school on... Wednesday? — We had... salad and... tea. 8. My mother never has... supper with... family because she does not like to eat in... evening. 9. When do you clean your teeth in... morning: before... breakfast or after... breakfast? 10. I make... cakes for... tea.
Упражнение 23
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. For... breakfast I have... coffee with... milk and... sugar. I have... jam, too. There are... different things on... dinner table. There is... bread,... butter and... ham. There are... cups and... glasses there. There is... jug on... table.... milk in... jug is hot. There is... teapot on... table. There is... tea in... teapot.... tea is hot, too. There are... plates,... forks and... knives on... table. 2.... lamp is on... table. 3. There is... lamp on... table. 4. Is there... lamp on... table? 5. Is... lamp on... table? 6. Is there... clock on... wall? 7. There are two... shelves on... wall. 8. Where are... shelves? —... shelves are on... wall. 9. They have... large flat. There are... four rooms in... flat. 10. Is... newspaper on... table? 11. Is there... newspaper on... table? 12. There is... butter on... plate. 13. Where is... butter? —... butter is on... little plate. 14. There is... white and... brown bread on... table. 15. What time do you usually have... dinner? — We eat... dinner at five. 16. We often have... fish for... dinner.
| Запомните следующее устойчивое словосочетание: to watch ✓ TV |
Упражнение 24
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Pete has... small family. He has... father and... mother. He has no... brother, but he has... sister. His sister is... pupil. She is... good girl. She has... many Russian books, but she has no... English books. 2. There is... writing desk in... room.... writing desk is good. There is... lamp on... writing desk. 3. My uncle has... large family. They are six in... family. 4. My father is... engineer. He works in... big factory. 5. We have... good library. Our books are in... big bookcase. 6. Is your... sister married? 7. What do you do after... breakfast? — I go to... school. 8. When do you come... home? — I come... home at... half past two. 9. Do you like to watch... TV in... evening? 10. He watches... television all day. I never do it. I can’t watch... TV very often. But tonight I can spend... evening in... front of... box, because there is... very exciting... film on. It is “My Fair Lady” with Rex Harrison and Audrey Hepburn. I love it. 11. We bought... new telly last week. 12. Is there anything good on... telly tonight?
Упражнение 25
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Му... aunt and my... uncle are... doctors. They work at... hospital. They get up at seven o’clock in... morning. They go to... bed at eleven o’clock. 2. I work in... morning and in... afternoon. I don’t work in... evening. I sleep at... night. 3. When do you leave... home for... school? — I leave... home at... quarter past eight in... morning. 4. What does your mother do after... breakfast? — She goes to... work. 5. Is there... sofa in your... living room? — Yes, there is... cosy little... sofa in... living room. — Where is... sofa? — It is in... corner of... room to... left of... door. I like to sit on this... sofa in... front of... TV set in... evening. 6. There is... nice coffee table near... window. There are... newspapers on... coffee table. 7. There is... tea in... cup. 8. When do you watch... TV? — I watch... TV in... evening. We have... large colour TV set in our... room. There is... beautiful vase on... TV set. There are... flowers in... vase. 9. I have... large writing desk in... study. There is... paper on... writing desk. My... books and... exercise books are on... writing desk, too.
Упражнение 26
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
Му friend’s... flat is very comfortable. There are... three rooms in... flat:... living room,... study and... bedroom.... living room is not very large.... walls in... living room are blue. There are... pictures on... walls. There is... table in... middle of... room with some chairs around it. To... left of... door there is... sofa. Near... sofa there are... two large armchairs. They are very comfortable. There is... piano in my friend’s living room.... piano is to... right of... door.... bedroom and... study are small.... furniture in... flat is brown.
| Если перед существительным стоит вопросительное или относительное местоимение, артикль опускается. • E.g. What ✓ colour is your cat? I want to know what ✓ book you are reading. |
Упражнение 27
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. What... colour is your new... hat? — It’s... red. 2. Is there... refrigerator in your... kitchen? 3. Where is... refrigerator in your... kitchen? — It is in... corner of... kitchen. 4. There are... flowers in our... living room.... flowers are in... beautiful vase. 5. I have... tea in my... cup. 6. He has no... coffee in his... cup. 7. What... book did you borrow from... library on... Tuesday? 8. I have... books,... exercise books and... pens in my... bag. 9. I am... engineer. I work in... office. I go to... office in... morning. As... office is far from... house I live in, I take... bus to get there. 10. What... bus do you take to get to... work? 11. Whose... pen is this? 12. What... colour is your... new... T-shirt? — It’s... white. 13. She is going to... music shop to buy... cassette. — What... cassette is she going to buy? 14. That’s... man whose... computer was stolen last night. 15. What... books do you like to read? 16. I don’t know what... music you are listening to.
Упражнение 28
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
Here is... large window. Through... window we can see... room. Opposite... window there is... door. On... door there is... curtain. In... comer of... room there is... round table. On it we can see... books and... telephone. There is... bookshelf over... table. On... bookshelf we can see... newspapers and... book by... Jack London. There are... two... pictures in... room. One... picture is small,... other picture is very large. There are... two bookcases in... room.... bookcases are full of... books. There is... large sofa in... room. On... sofa we can see... bag. Whose... bag is that? There is no... bed in... room. On... small table near... window there are... flowers and... glass of... water. In... front of... window we can see... armchair. It is... comfortable... armchair.
| Перед названиями наук, учебных предметов и языков[2] артикль не употребляется. • E.g. Не studies ✓ chemistry. I speak ✓ English. |
Упражнение 29
Вставьте артикль где необходимо.
1.... English is... world language. 2. I study... English: I attend... English classes in... evening. On... days when I have no... classes, I stay at... home and do some work about... house. I have... dinner with my... family. After... dinner I talk to... members of my... family, watch... TV and read... books,... newspapers and... magazines. I go to... bed late at... night. 3. I am thirsty. Give me... water, please. 4. There is... book on... table. Give me... book, please. 5. I enjoy listening to... music but I don’t really like... music which that man performs on his... guitar. 6. What did you have for... lunch? — I only had... tuna sandwich. 7. He is... wonderful... teacher. He teaches... English. 8. His... son is planning to get... degree in... computer science.
Упражнение 30
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. When my grandfather was... young man, he studied... physics. 2. Do you speak... Spanish? 3. Му uncle is... great specialist on... English literature. 4.... Japanese is more difficult than... French. 5. We listened to... very interesting lecture on... English history yesterday. 6. Yesterday at... lesson of... geography... teacher told us... very interesting things about... famous travellers. 7. My father speaks... English and... French, but he does not speak... German. 8. We had... lesson of... mathematics yesterday. We wrote... paper in... mathematics.... teacher said, “I shall correct... papers in... evening. Tomorrow you will know... results”. 9. My brother is an expert on... geology. He enjoys... beauties of... nature in Siberia. 10. My friend is studying... law.
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: to play ✓ chess to play the piano to play ✓ football to play the guitar out of ✓ doors |
Упражнение 31
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Do you play... piano? 2. There is... big black piano in our living room. It is at... wall to... left of... door opposite... sideboard. My mother likes to play... piano. She often plays... piano in... evening. 3.... boys like to play... football. 4. What do you do in... evening? — I often play... chess with my grandfather. 5. Where are... children? — Oh, they are out of... doors.... weather is fine today. They are playing... badminton in... yard. 6. What... games does your sister like to play? — She likes to play... tennis. 7. Do you like to play... guitar? 8. What... colour is your guitar? 9. My... name is Charlie. I come from... pretty big... family. I have two... brothers and... sister. My... sister plays... violin really well and wants to be... professional... musician. She has other... hobbies, too, and she often goes swimming with her... friends if... weather is nice. After... work I like to relax. I play... piano for relaxation. On... Sunday my... brothers and I play... golf if there is... time.
| Запомните, что перед обращением артикль опускается: • E.g. What are you doing, ✓ children? |
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: |
| in a loud voice in a soft voice |
| in a low voice in a thin voice |
| in an angry voice in a trembling voice |
| in a high voice in a weak voice |
| in a kind voice in a... voice |
Упражнение 32
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
It was... hot day.... sun was shining brightly in... blue sky.... wolf and... lamb met at... stream.... water in... stream was cool and clear.... wolf saw that... lamb was fat and wanted to eat it. He began to shout, “You,... fool, you are making... water dirty!”... lamb was afraid. It looked at... wolf and said in... thin voice, “But,... Mr Wolf, I cannot make... water dirty for you from... place where I am standing, because... stream runs from you to me.” “Stop talking!” shouted... wolf in... angry voice. “I know you! I met you six months ago, and you were very rude to me.” “You are wrong,... Mr Wolf,” cried... lamb, “you could not have met me six months ago: I am only four... months old.” “Never mind,” said... wolf, “if it wasn’t you, it was your brother.” And with these... words he seized... poor lamb and carried it into... wood.
| Запомните, что перед превосходной степенью прилагательных употребляется определенный артикль: • E.g. Asia is the largest continent. My brother is the best pupil in his class. |
Упражнение 33
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Bill Robins was... very rich man. He was... richest man in... village. 2. Pete is... tallest boy in our class. Nick is... shortest boy, but he is very... strong. He is... stronger than many boys who are... taller than he. I think Nick is... strongest boy in... class. 3. Granny often tells us... long stories. Today her story was still... longer. It was... longest story. She began telling it after... dinner and finished only before... supper. But... story was very interesting. I think it was... most interesting of Granny’s stories. 4. Which was... most difficult exercise in... paper? 5. Which is... best season of the year? 6. February is... shortest month of the year. 7. Do you know... longest river in our country? 8. In... May... days are... longer than in... April. 9. He is... most intelligent person I know.
| Запомните правила употребления артикля с географическими названиями: Определенный артикль употребляется перед названиями рек, каналов, морей, заливов, проливов, океанов, архипелагов, горных цепей. Артикль не употребляется перед названиями озер[3], отдельных горных вершин, отдельных островов, городов (но: The Hague), штатов или провинций, стран, континентов. Исключения: the United States of America the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland the Netherlands the Congo the Ukraine the Crimea |
Упражнение 34
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... Moscow is situated on... Moscow River.... Moscow is a river that moves very slowly. There is... canal called... Moscow-Volga Canal which joins... Moscow to... Volga.... Volga runs into... Caspian Sea. 2. Several rivers run into... sea at... New York.... most important is... Hudson River which empties into... Atlantic Ocean. Besides... Hudson there are... two other rivers:... East River and... Harlem River. 3. In... Siberia there are many long rivers:... Ob,... Irtysh,... Yenissei,... Lena and... Amur. 4.... Altai Mountains are... higher than... Urals. 5. There is... splendid... view of... Lake Geneva from this hotel. 6. My... friends have travelled a lot. This... year they are going to fly to... Canary Islands. 7. Which river flows through... London? —... Thames. 8. Of which country is... Washington... capital? —... United States. 9.... United Kingdom consists of... Great Britain and... Northern Ireland. 10.... Chicago is on... Lake Michigan.
Упражнение 35
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
... Veliky Novgorod is... most important city of... North-Western Russia and... administrative centre of... Novgorod Oblast.... city lies along... Volkhov River just below its... outflow from... Lake Ilmen.
... Novgorod was... second main city after... Kiev in... Russia in the mid centuries. It was... rich and powerful city, and... State of Novgorod was as large as... present Sweden. Its... power was based on... international trade.... Novgorod was... main Russian port for many centuries and was important for... Baltic sea trade.
Nowdays,... Veliky Novgorod is...small, calm town in the provinces, with... splendid old Russian architecture,... interesting museums,... fresh air, many trees, and... nice and helpful people. I like this... town very much. I like... people there.
In 2009,... Novgorod marked 1150... years since it was first mentioned in 859 in... most ancient national texts —... Russian Primary Chronicles[4].... event was granted... national status and was organized with... participation of... Russian President and... Federal Government.... celebration lasted for... whole week.... programme was filled with... performances,... exhibitions, and... fairs.... fireworks and laser show brought... huge crowds to... Volkhov River on... Saturday and... Sunday nights.... skydivers and... show by vintage planes graced... skies over... river area on... Sunday. Many of these events were covered by... news media and shown on... TV.
| Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: in the north to the north in the south to the south in the east to the east in the west to the west |
Упражнение 36
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... Thames is... short river. 2.... Russia is washed by... Arctic Ocean in... north. 3. Kiev is to... south of... Moscow. 4.... Europe is... continent. 5.... Moscow is... capital of... Russia. Is... Asia... island or... continent? 7.... Black Sea is in... south of our country. 8.... White Sea is in... north of our country. 9.... Philippines are situated to... southeast of... Asia. 10. This is... map of... world. Can you read... maps? What can you see on... map? What... colour are... valleys on... map? 11. Petrov is... architect. He is... experienced architect. He is in... Far East. He has... beautiful wife. His wife is... dentist. They have... son and... daughter.
Упражнение 37
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... Neva flows into... Gulf of... Finland. 2.... Pacific Ocean is very deep. 3.... Urals are not very high. 4.... Elbrus is... highest peak of... Caucasus; but it’s... highest mountain in... Europe too. 5.... Alps are covered with... snow. 6.... Shetland Islands are situated to... north of... Great Britain. 7. Is... Canada... largest country in... America? 8.... Crimea is washed by... Black Sea. 9.... Lake Baikal is... deepest lake in... world. 10. Is... Paris... capital of... France? 11. Lomonosov was bom in... small village on... shore of... White Sea. 12. Gogol was born in... Ukraine in 1809. 13.... Caucasus separates... Black Sea from... Caspian Sea. 14.... Europe and... America are separated by... Atlantic Ocean. 15.... Baltic Sea is stormy in winter. 16. There are many small islands in... Pacific Ocean. 17.... North Sea separates... British Isles from... Europe. 18.... Balkans are old mountains. 19.... Nile flows across... northeastern part of... Africa to... Mediterranean Sea. 20. Which are... highest mountains in... Russia? 21. When was she in... USA? 22. When was he in... Ethiopia?
Упражнение 38
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... Russia occupies... eastern half of... Europe and... northern third of... Asia. 2.... climate of... northern part of... Russia is severe. 3. This winter is... true Russian winter with... hard frosts. 4. It is warm in... Crimea and... Caucasus. 5.... Washington is... capital of... United States of America. 6. I want to go to... New York some day. 7.... best way to know and understand... people of... other countries is to meet them in their own homes. 8. Is... Australia... island or... continent? 9.... Red Sea is between... Africa and... Asia. 10.... France is to... north of... Italy.... Paris is... capital of... France. 11. There are seven continents on... Earth.
Упражнение 39
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
... XXI Olympic Winter Games were... major international sport event held on... February 12-28, 2010, in... Vancouver,... British Columbia,... Canada. Approximately 2,600... athletes from 82... nations participated in 86... events in fifteen... disciplines.... 2010 Winter Olympics were... third Olympics hosted by... Canada, and... first by... province of... British Columbia. Previously,... Canada hosted... 1976 Summer Oly
|
|
|
