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Exercise 2. Match the terms with the definitions.

Exercise 1. Read and translate the text about finishing materials

Finishing materials and items are used to improve the service and decorative qualities of buildings and structures, as well as to protect structural members from atmospheric and other effects. The main finishing materials in modern construction include finishing mortars and concretes; natural and artificial masonry materials; decorative ceramics; materials and items made from wood, paper, glass, plastic, and metals; and paints and varnishes.

Finishing materials are usually designed for interior or exterior finishing; some materials are used for both (for example, natural decorative stone, ceramic materials, and architectural glass). A special group consists of materials and items for covering floors, which must meet a number of specific requirements (negligible wear, high impact strength, and so on).

Finishing materials also include acoustic materials, which are used simultaneously as sound-absorbing coatings and as a decorative finish for the interiors of theaters, concert halls, and motion-picture theaters.

An arbitrary distinction is made between finishing materials proper, which are used mainly to form decorative and protective coatings (varnishes and paints, wallpaper, polymeric films, linoleum, and so on), and structural finishing materials, which also perform the functions of enclosing members and are components of such members (decorative concrete, facing brick, glass blocks, and molded glass).

A large group of finishing materials consists of facing materials, which are produced in the form of sheets, slabs, and tiles (for example, asbestos-cement sheets, Stemalit, ceramic mosaic slabs and tiles, and decorative laminated-paper plastic) and which are generally distinguished by their good service and architectural qualities. Under modern industrial construction conditions it is expedient to produce the facing during the manufacture of prefabricated units and to deliver the units to the assembly point with finished surfaces (for example, ceramic mosaic tiles are laid in a form and concreted together with the wall panels or staircase landings). The most important finishing materials are discussed below.

A traditional finishing material is natural stone, which is durable and has an attractive appearance. Facing products are produced from granite, syenite, gabbro, limestone, marble, and quartzite. Natural stone finishing materials are used for exterior and interior facings on walls and for floor coverings, mainly in public buildings and structures, such as theaters, hotels, and subway stations. Natural stone materials are also used in the form of decorative chips to finish the surfaces of concrete and reinforced-concrete parts and units.

The most widely used artificial stone finishing materials are ceramics (called decorative ceramics), which are common in residential and public buildings for exterior finishings (facing brick, facade slabs and tiles, decorative inserts, and so on) and interior finishings (glazed facing tiles and floor tiles).

Glass finishing materials, which have a wide range of colors, excellent service qualities, and durability, are used mainly for the exterior finishing of public buildings and structures (window glass, stained glass, Stemalit, glass blocks, marbled glass, molded glass, and mosaic glass). Since the 1960’s the crystalline ceramics, such as Sitalls and slag Sitalls (devitrified glasses), which are notable for their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, have been used in construction. These materials are promising for surfacing floors in heavily used buildings and structures (railroad and subway stations; shops in chemical and machine-building plants).

Paint and varnish finishing materials are intended mainly for painting operations. Synthetic paints and varnishes have become widespread in modern construction; they make possible a substantial reduction in the labor-intensiveness of finishing operations and an improvement in the protective and decorative properties of structures.

The main trend in the development of the finishing-materials industry is toward expansion of the assortment of materials, as well as toward improvement of their quality and an increase in the degree of factory preparation of materials and products.

 

Exercise 2. Match the terms with the definitions.

 

Wallpaper   A coloured substance which is spread over a surface and dries to leave a thin decorative or protective coating.
Mosaic glass Made of clay and permanently hardened by heat.
Granite   A kind of ornamental glassware, similar to millefiore, made by fusing together rods of variously coloured glass, then cutting the fused rods into cross-sections.
Stained glass   Paper that is pasted in vertical strips over the walls of a room to provide a decorative surface.
gabbro   Coloured glass used to form decorative or pictorial designs, typically by setting contrasting pieces in a lead framework like a mosaic and used for church windows.
Ceramic   A dark, coarse-grained plutonic rock of crystalline texture, consisting mainly of pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, and often olivine.
Paint   A very hard, granular, crystalline, igneous rock consisting mainly of quartz, mica, and feldspar and often used as a building stone.

Exercise 1.1. Find the following words and word combinations in the text:


1. высокопрочный

2. отделочный

3. штукатурный раствор

4 лакокрасочные материалы

5. звукопоглащающий

6. облицовочные материалы

7. фасонное стекло

8. облицовочный кирпич

9. слабоокрашенное стекло (тонированное)

Glossary

English Russian Kazakh
negligible [neɡlɪdʒəbl] so small, trifling, or unimportant that it may safely be neglected or disregarded незначительный болар-болмас
high impact [haɪ ˈɪmpækt] able to affect or influence someone or something in a powerful way высокопрочный жоғары беріктілік
strength [streŋθ] the degree to which something is strong or powerful сила, прочность мықтылық
facade slabs [fəˈsɑːd slæb] a broad, flat, somewhat thick piece of stone, wood, or other solid material used to decorate the front of a building, especially an imposing or decorative one. фасадные плитки қасбеттік тақта
gabbro [ˈɡabrəʊ] a dark granular igneous rock composed essentially of labradorite and augite габбро (минерал) габбро (тереңдіктегі интрузивті таужынысы, құрылыс материалы)
stained glass [ˈsteɪnd ɡlæs] glass that has been colored, enameled, painted, or stained, especially by having pigments baked onto its surface or by having various metallic oxides fused into it, as used in church windows, decorative lampshades, etc. витражное стекло витраж шынысы

 

Office Hours # 13

1. Read the text ‘Plasterwork’, translate, find new terms, give their definitions in English and retell the text. [1, pp.272-274]

LIW#37

1.Write a report on the theme ‘Modern hydraulic insulating materials’ (2 pages).

References

Main literature

1. С. И. Гарагуля «Английский язык для студентов строительных специальностей», Ростов-на-Дону, 2011.

2. Агабекян И.П. Английский для технических ВУЗов Феникс, 2008. Высшее образование. 2011.

Additional literature

3. Русско-казахско-английский словарь архитектурно-строительных терминов (с толкованием на русском языке). 3-й том. – Алматы: КазГАСА, 2012.

4. Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley. Construction I. Buildings. Book I. Express Publishing. 2015. Pаtriziа Cаruzzo. Flаsh on English for Construction. ESP series, 2009.

5. Mаrk Ibbotson. Professionаl English in Use. Technicаl English for professsionаls. Cаmbridge University Press, 2009.

 

 

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