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English as a Means of International Communication
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WE STUDY ENGLISH
I. Read and memorize the following words:
language ['længwiʤ] язык e.g. My native language is Russian.
study['stʌdi] изучать e.g. We study English at school.
vocabulary [və'kæbjuləri] лексика e.g. No dictionary could list the total vocabulary of a language.
read [ri:d] читать e.g. Can you read this text?
write [rait] писать e.g. Can you write these words?
peculiarity [pi,kjul'æriti] особенность e.g. Every language has its own peculiarities.
accent ['æksənt] акцент e.g. He speaks French with a foreign accent.
scientific [,saiən'tifik] научный e.g. They use scientific approach in their research.
knowledge ['noləʤ] знания e.g. My knowledge of German is poor.
interpret [in'tɜ:prit] переводить (устно)e.g. Can you interpret Mr. Brown's words?
translate [trᴂns'leit] переводить (письменно) e.g. I have already translated this text.
word [wɜ:d] слово e.g. How many English words do you know?
meaning ['mі:niŋ] значение e.g. What is the meaning of this word?
II. Learn the following phrases:
(to) have a good command of... хорошо владеть
(to) try to do one's best пытаться делать все возможное
(to) be of great importance иметь важное значение
as quick as possible как можно скорее
(to) learn by heart учить наизусть
Mother tongue родная речь
I beg your pardon... Простите...
I do not understand you. Я вас не понимаю.
Say it again, please. Скажите это еще раз, пожалуйста.
Please, speak slowly. Говорите, пожалуйста, медленно.
What does this word mean? Что означает это слово?
III. Make up sentences:
a foreign language to me.
spoken in many countries.
English is a truly international language.
my favourite subject.
the mother tongue of nearly three hundred million people.
IV. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words in brackets:
1. Please... the last word, (say, understand, repeat). 2. I can read English but I cannot... it. (say, tell, speak) 3. I know grammar well, but my... is poor. (language, pronunciation, meaning)
V. Make up questions and let your fellow-students answer them:
| study a foreign language? | |
| speak English? | |
| Doyou | have English lessons every day? |
| Are | your lessons interesting? |
| Why | you sometimes tired after lessons? |
| do you study foreign languages? | |
| can't you speak English well? | |
| do you learn grammar? |
VI. Complete the following sentences:
1. Is there anybody who speaks...? 2. What is the... for...? 3. The... for... is.... 4. If you want to speak well you.... 5. The word combination "mother tongue" means.... 6. English is spoken in....
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VII. Translate into English:
1. Английский язык - мой любимый предмет. 2. Многие люди говорят на английском языке. 3. На английском языке говорят в Великобритании, США, Канаде. 4. Вы говорите по-английски? 5. Английский язык является международным. 6. Многие английские слова имеют несколько значений.
VIII.Give synonyms to thewords in bold type:
1. What English-speaking countries do you know? 2. What is his mother tongue? 3. To know a foreign language is very important nowadays. 4. He knows French very well. 5. Can you translate this sentence?
ІX. Read and retell the text:
I Study English
English is an international means of communication. It is studied as a foreign language at secondary and higher schools of our country.
As for me I like English very much. I studied English at school and I'm studying it now. I study it every day because I want to have a good command of the language. I am sure if I work at it systematically as I do now I will know the language very well. I try to do my best to master English as quickly as possible. I study pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. I try to speak English with my teachers and with my friends. I read much and do many language exercises. I have many English books. I know that foreign languages are of great importance in our modern life.
XIII. Read and translate the text:
English as a Means of International Communication
English is the national language in such countries as Britain, the United States of America, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. It is the mother tongue of nearly three hundred million people. Many people speak English in Japan, China, India and African countries. But many more use it as an international means of communication, because English has become a truly international language.
Science, trade, sport and international relations of various kinds have given the English language the status of one of the world's most important languages. Many scientific and technical journals are written in English although they are not necessarily published in England or other English-speaking countries. At numerous international meetings and conferences, English is the main language. The Olympic Games and other multinational sports events cannot do without it.
The role English plays today is the result of historical processes. The English language, in the course of its historical development, has met with so many influences from abroad that its lexical and grammatical structure has come to reflect in many ways its international use.
English is a language which is indeed able to cope with the most diverse tasks of international communication.
XVI. Learn the poem by heart:
Six Serving Men
Rudyard Kipling
Ihave six honest serving men.
They taught me all I knew
Their names are What and Why and When
and How and Where and Who
I send them over land and sea
I send them East and West
But after they have worked for me
I give them all a rest.
EXERCISES
I. Give the plural of the following nouns:
a subject, a laboratory, a class, a book, a dictionary, a translation, a tape-recorder, a lesson, a shelf, a child, a grownup, a film-strip, a school, an institute, a teacher, a report, a college, a mark, a circle, a story, an examination.
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II. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words in brackets:
1. Foreign... are necessary for the... of all.... (language, languages, representative, representatives, profession, professions) 2. We had to read and to translate a new... to give some... for a certain grammar... and to answer several... in English, (text, texts, example, examples, rule, rules, question, questions) 3. I liked to study English very much, so it was pleasant for me to answer all teacher's.... (question, questions) 4. I am fond of all Dickens'... (book, books). He describes the childhood of his... very well, (character, characters) 5. We had to explain the... of all the... in the passive.... (formation, formations, tense, tenses, voice, voices) 6. I had to translate a... from "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" by Mark Twain, (passage, passages) 7. OurInstitute choir sang several English.... (song, songs)
III. Choose the correct form of the noun:
1. Ihave got good (mark, marks) in all (subject, subjects). 2. This year I hope to pass all my (examination, examinations) well. 3. English is my favourite (subject, subjects). 4. Many (grown-up, grown-ups) and (child, children) speak English. 5. I speak English with my (schoolmate, schoolmates) and with my (teacher, teachers).
6. I have got many English (book, books) at home. "Oliver Twist" is one of my favourite (book, books).There are (student, students) who speak English well.
IV. Open the brackets:
1. English is one of my favourite (subject). 2. I know the (language) rather well and I try to do my best to master it as quick as possible. 3. I have got many English (book) at home and I always buy some new ones when I find them in our (book-shop). 4. When I read an English (book) I always try to write down all new (word) and (expression). 5. During the last (term) my (mark) in English were only "Good" and "Excellent" and I am sure that at the coming examination my (mark) will be excellent. 6. I saw a rich choice of (book) of many modern English and American (writer) in that (book-shop). 7. I advise you to read the (book) "Martin Eden" by Jack London. 8. I decided to go to the (library) and take an interesting (book) in English there.
VI. Translate into English the following sentences paying attention to the nouns:
1. В нашей будущей работе очень важно знание английского языка. 2. Как вы надеетесь сдать экзамен по английскому языку в этом году? 3. Я начал изучать английский язык еще в школе. 4. Теперь дети начинают изучать английский язык самостоятельно. 5. Вы хорошо владеете английским языком. 6. Я хотел бы иметь крепкие знания разговорного английского языка. 7. Запомните мой совет: чем больше вы будете общаться на иностранном языке, то быстрее вы научитесь говорить на нем.
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