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Who is more in debt: men or women?




A recent study by the Debt Foundation shows that it is young men who have the biggest debts on their credit cards, but it is young women who have the biggest problems with paying the debt. Why the difference?

 

Many people think that women are just bad at managing money. They cannot stop buying new shoes, handbags, or clothes when they see them, and so they borrow money on store cards that you can get from big shops. But the results of the survey show this is simply not true. Young men, it seems, use store cards as much as women. Sometimes, they are worse. Also, they save less money than women from their salaries. They open fewer saving accounts than women and take bigger risks with their finance, investing in things like shares. Young men are also less likely to have insurance on their homes and possessions.

 

The real reason women can’t pay is that women usually have debts on basic things for the home like rent and services simply because they are poorer and often have to support children or older parents on low incomes. The study shows that today at the age of 24 most women earn 15% less than men and have more responsibilities with family and children. These are the real causes of debt problems.

 

But the worst news form the survey is that, because of their poverty, women often cannot go to big banks to borrow money. They have to use other service companies that charge the highest rates of interest. So, they suffer more and pay more in interest because their family needs are more desperate. The result is that there are more women who have their gas or electricity turned off for non payment.

 

  1. A recent British study shows that young men avoid using store cards.
a. True b. False
  1. Store cards are provided by local banks.
a.True b. False
  1. Women usually save more money from their salaries.
a.True b. False
  1. Women have insurance on their homes more often than men.
a.True b. False
  1. Young men and women in Great Britain earn the same money.
a.True b. False
  1. Smaller financial institutions charge higher interest rates.
a.True b. False

Грамматический тест № 4 (Впишите букву правильного ответа ‘a’, ‘ b’ или ‘c’)

Вариант
I. Определите видовременную форму глагола в следующих предложениях.   II. Выберите форму инфинитива (с частицей “to” или без нее) или герундия.
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
III. Выберите правильный перевод.   IV. Выберите грамматическую форму, соответствующую структуре “Сложное дополнение” (Complex Object).  
       
       
       
       
       
VI. Выберите грамматическую форму, соответствующую условному предложению 1 типа. VI. Выберите грамматическую форму, соответствующую условному предложению 1 типа.
       
       
       
       
       
VII. Выберите грамматическую форму, соответствующую условному предложению 2 типа.   VIII. Выберите грамматическую форму, соответствующую условным предложениям 1 или 2 типа.  
       
       
       
       
       
X. Прочитайте текст и укажите, верны (True) или нет (False) следующие за ним утверждения. X. Прочитайте текст и укажите, верны (True) или нет (False) следующие за ним утверждения.
       
       
       
       
       
       

Тема “Job interview”

 

Questions

1. Why would you like to join our company?

2. What are your hobbies?

3. What are your strong points?

4. What is your education?

5. What is your greatest achievement?

6. What software are you familiar with?

7. What are the main responsibilities in your present job?

8. Why do you want to leave your present job?

9. Are you ready to work overtime?

10. What salary would you like to get?

11. Why do you think we should hire you?

 

Answers

a. Yes, I can, but not very often. I study at university and it takes a lot of time.

b. I’m a part time student of Ural State University of Economics. My major is Management.

c. Your company is well-known in our city. You offer good working conditions and salary.

d. About 30 000 rubles.

e. I think I have good experience and education. I also have good communication skills which is important for this job.

f. I’m not married yet and have no children.

g. When I have free time I like doing sport and travelling.

h. I’m hard-working, responsible and reliable. I’m good at meeting deadlines and can work under pressure.

i. It’s no longer challengeable and there’s no chance of promotion.

j. I have a good knowledge of Excel and Word, and can prepare good PowerPoint presentations.

k. I work on reception, answer the phone, arrange meetings and provide administrative support for the team.

l. I was responsible for the organization of a regional exhibition, which was a great success. Everything was on time and there were no complaints from the participants.

Тексты для внеаудиторного чтения

Text 1.

Stress (part 1)

In many countries heart disease kills a lot of women and even more men. There are five causes of heart disease: bad diet, heart disease in the family, not enough exercise, smoking, stress.

The most important cause, however, is stress. But what is stress?

Stress is everywhere in our daily life. The main causes of stress are death, marriage, money, moving house, taking exams and changing jobs. We often feel stress when something is wrong in our life, but we cannot change it. Some people have to do what they don’t like doing every day! This is a stressful situation.

Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $ 150 billion a year in lower productivity, employee sick leave, and higher medical costs. Stress is a prevalent and costly problem in today's workplace. Three quarters of the office workers today say they suffer from stress at work. About one-third of workers report high levels of stress. One-quarter of employees view their jobs as the number one stressor in their lives. Three-quarters of employees believe the worker has more on-the-job stress than a generation ago. Evidence also suggests that stress is the major cause of turnover in organizations.

The Kenexa Research Institute released a global survey of almost 30,000 workers which showed that females suffered more workplace stress than their male counterparts. According to the survey, women's stress level were 10% higher for those in supervisory positions, 8% higher stress in service and production jobs than men, and 6% higher in middle and upper management than men in the same position.

Text 2.

Stress (part 2)

Recently, psychologists and doctors have begun to study the problem more closely. They have discovered that the most stressful professions are those that involve danger and extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control. According to the research the most stressful jobs in the USA in 2012 were: enlisted soldier, firefighter, airline pilot, police officer, event coordinator, public relations executive, corporate executive, photojournalist, taxi driver. In 2008 a city high school teacher headed the list and in 2001 and 1999 the first place was given to the American President. The signs of stress range from nervousness, anger and frequent illness to forgetfulness and even mental problems.

Some people begin to eat less and other people are always hungry. If you feel stressed, you get tired very quickly and you don’t enjoy life anymore. There are people who bite nails, eat a lot of sweets or use alcohol or drugs when they are under stress. Of course, it is not the right way to relieve stress.

Doing yoga or relaxation exercises are common ways of relieving stress. But doctors now say that there are simpler ways. They advise people should laugh and smile more often. When you laugh and smile your body relaxes.

Good stress may seem to you a very strange expression. People usually think that stress is always bad for you, but there is a proverb – “Bad luck often brings good luck”. Stress can be a good thing too. It can help you do your best. it can also help you end a difficult situation and change your life.

Text 3.

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