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Electrical and electronics engineering

Контрольная работа №2, СДАТЬ ДО 09.02.2016

Чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу №2, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка по рекомендованному учебнику:

1. Времена глагола группы Perfect Active and Passive.

2. Эквиваленты модальных глаголов.

3. Замена будущего времени настоящим в придаточных времени и условия.

4. Простые неличные формы глагола: причастие I, причастие II, Герундий. Их функции в предложении.

Образец выполнения 1 (к упр.1)

Перепишите предложение, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в соответствующей временной форме группы Perfect Active и Passive. Переведите.

You (see) him lately? No, I …	Have you seen him lately? No, I haven’t.
Ты видел его в последнее время? Нет.

Образец выполнения 2 (к упр.2)

Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

I don’t have to get up early tomorrow, because I’m on holiday.

Мне не нужно завтра рано вставать, потому что я в отпуске.

Образец выполнения 3 (к упр.3)

Перепишите предложения, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в придаточных предложениях времени и условия в соответствующей форме.

If the house (burn) down we can claim compensation.	If the house burn down we can claim compensation.
Если дом сгорит, мы можем потребовать компенсацию.

Образец выполнения 4 (к упр.4)

Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I, Participle II и Gerund. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

Raising the output we must not forget the task of improving the quality at the same time.	Raising the output we must not forget the task of improving the quality at the same time.
Повышая производительность, мы не должны забывать в то же время задачу улучшения качества.

Вариант 1

I. Перепишите предложения, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в соответствующей временной форме группы Perfect Active и Passive. Переведите.

1. Why you (not bring) me the letters for signature? You (not type) them yet.

2. We didn’t need to queue because I (buy) already the ticket.

3. Jenny flew to Rome last year. She never (be) on a plane before that.

4. When this street (be widened) the residents (be kept) awake all night by the roar of the traffic.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We have to pay the rent every month.

2. At the moment Ann can speak French quite well, and if she studies hard, perhaps she’ll be able to work as an interpreter.

3. People shouldn’t be allowed to park there.

4. The talks were to be attended by the representatives of fifteen European countries.

III. Перепишите предложения, раскрыв скобки и употребив глагол в придаточных предложениях времени и условия в соответствующей форме.

1. When the fog (lift) we’ll be able to see where we are.

2. When everybody (leave) the park the park-keeper will look the gates.

3. If she (not/pass) this exam she won’t get the job that she wants.

4. If you (not/like) this one I’ll bring you another.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I, Participle II и Gerund. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Raising the output we must not forget the task of improving the quality at the same time.

2. Engineers find use for titanium and prefer it to aluminium which loses its strength rapidly when subjected to high temperatures.

3. The Moon, like the Earth, shines with the reflected light of the Sun.

4. All the difficulties in organizing the laboratories and in supplying them with the necessary equipment had to be overcome.

V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Вы уже переехали на новую квартиру?

2. Вчера мне пришлось ответить на все эти письма.

3. Закончив работу, я пошёл домой.

4. Если они выиграют, они будут чемпионами.

VI. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

History and future of the internet

The internet technology was created by Vinton Cerf in early 1973 as part of a project headed by the advanced Research Projects Agency, part of the United States Department of Defence. Later Cerf made many efforts to build and standardize the internet. In 1984 the technology and the network were turned over to the private sector and to government scientific agencies for further development. The growth has internet available to home and business users enter the market in ever-increasing numbers. By early 1995, access was available in 180 countries and more than 30 million users used the internet. The internet and its technology continue to have a profound effect in promoting the exchange of information, making possible rapid transactions among individuals and organizations. More than 100 million computers are connected via the global internet in 2000 and even more are attached to enterprise internets. The development of the World Wide Web leads to the rapid introduction of new business transactions on the internet worth hundreds of billions of dollars.

Вариант 2

1. Peter (be) a junior clerk for three years. Lately he (look) for a better post but so far he (not find) anything.

2. I didn’t watch the film because I (see) it before.

3. George (wait) for one hour before the bus came.

4. The For Sale notice has been taken so I suppose the house (sell) (be sold).

1. I couldn’t watch that programme last night because I had to go out.

2. When I have passed my driving test I’m be able to have a car from our local garage.

3. We won’t have to get tickets in advance.

4. You are to write your name at the top of the paper.

1. You shouldn’t wait. You should reply as soon as you (receive) the invitation.

2. Don’t drive at more than 50 k.p.h. till your car (do) 4,000 kilometers.

3. I’ll go to the doctor’s if I (not/fell) better.

4. I’ll buy that camera if it (not/cost) too much.

1. The hostages were rescued without a shot being fired.

2. I wish my refrigerator would stop making that terrible noise. You can’t hear anyone speaking.

3. The results received were of great importance for further work.

4. People living in Japan have some customs different from ours.

V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Мы уже пообедали, когда он пришел.

2. Телеграмму нет необходимости посылать сегодня.

3. Этот вопрос должен быть решен до того, как соглашение будет подписано.

4. Я помню, что встречал его где-то.

VI. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Metals

Metals are materials most widely used in industry because of their properties. The study of the production and properties of metals is known as metallurgy.

The separation between the atoms in metals is small, so most metals are dense. The atoms are arranged regularly and can slide over each other. That is why metals are malleable (can be deformed and bent without fracture) and ductile (can be drawn into wire). Metals vary greatly in their properties. For example, lead is soft and can be bent by hand, while iron can only be worked by hammering at red heat.

The regular arrangement of atoms in metals gives them a crystalline structure. Irregular crystals are called grains. The properties of the metals depend on the size, shape, orientation, and composition of these grains. In general, a metal with small grains will be harder and stronger than one with coarse grains.

All metals can be formed by drawing, rolling, hammering and extrusion, but some require hot-working. Metals are subject to metal fatigue and to creep (the slow increase in length under stress) causing deformation and failure. Both effects are taken into account by engineers when designing, for example, airplanes, gas-turbines, and pressure vessels for high-temperature chemical processes. Metals can be worked using machine-tools such as lathe, milling machine, shaper and grinder.

Вариант 3.

1. What you (do) with my typewriter? I can’t find it anywhere. – Tom just (go) off with it. He says he’ll bring it back when he (finish).

2. I couldn’t buy it because I (spend) all my money.

3. George (work) at the university for 45 years before he retired.

4. Various valuable minerals (be obtained) in that area.

1. They couldn’t talk for a long time, because Jane had to go out.

2. When the fog lifts we’ll be able to see where we are.

3. He isn’t allowed to drive since his accident.

4. The talks were to be attended by the representatives of fifteen European countries.

1. When he (return) I’ll give him the key.

2. When he (sell) his newspapers he’ll go home.

3. If he (not phone) this afternoon I’ll phone him this evening.

4. If I lend you 10 pounds when you (repay) me?

1. Would you mind writing your name and address on the back of the cheque?

2. Having looked through all the documents and letters received that day he called his secretary.

3. She showed us a list of the newly published books.

4. Thinking we were lost, he offered to show us the way home.

V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Этот вопрос ещё не решен.

2. Счета пришлось проверить ещё раз.

3. Посидите здесь, пожалуйста, пока не вернется директор.

4. Все студенты, принимающие участие в этой работе, должны придти в институт сегодня в 6 часов вечера.

VI. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Communications and Control

Engineers work on control systems ranging from the everyday, passenger-actuated, such as those that run a lift, to the exotic, such as systems for keeping spacecraft on course. Control systems are used extensively in aircraft and ships, in military fire-control systems, in power transmission and distribution, in automated manufacturing, and in robotics.

Computers.

Computer engineering is now the most rapidly growing field. The electronics of computers involve engineers in design and manufacture of memory systems, of central processing units, and of peripheral devices. The field of computer science is closely related to computer engineering; however, the task of making computers more «intelligent» (artificial intelligence), through creation of sophisticated programs or development of higher level machine languages or other means, is generally regarded as the aim of computer science.

One current trend in computer engineering is microminiaturization. Engineers try to place greater and greater numbers of circuit elements onto smaller and smaller chips. Another trend is towards increasing the speed of computer operations through the use of parallel processors and superconducting materials.

Вариант 4.

1. Customers (ring) up all morning complaining about getting incorrect bills.

2. I was tired because I (get up) very early that morning.

3. This scientific theory now (be proved) to be false.

4. Before Ali went to sleep he (call) his family.

1. He’ll have to look for another job.

2. The police were suspicious at first but I was able to convince them that we were innocent.

3. When he was a child he was allowed to do exactly as he liked.

4. He was not allowed to enter the concert hall after the third bell.

1. She will be delighted when she (hear) this.

2. When we (take) our exams we’ll have holiday.

3. She will be angry if I (be) late.

4. If he (like) the house will he buy it?

1. Imagine living with someone who never stops talking.

2. Having been taught by a good teacher he knew German well.

3. The explanation given was not complete.

4. Sitting in the front row and using opera glasses, I saw everything beautifully.

V. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Вам не придется ждать. Документы будут проверены и письма напечатаны, когда вы придете.

2. Пароход должен был выйти из порта в понедельник, но из-за шторма ему пришлось остаться в порту до вторника.

3. Я поговорю с ним об этом, когда я его встречу.

4. К сожалению, предложенный товар не удовлетворяет нашим требованиям.

VI. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Electrical and electronics engineering

Electrical and electronics engineering is the largest and most diverse field of engineering. It is concerned with the development and design, application, and manufacture of systems and devices that use electric power and signals. Among the most important subjects in the field are electric power and machinery, electronic circuits, control systems, computer design, superconductors, solid-state electronics, medical imaging systems, robotics, lasers, radar, consumer electronics, and fibre optics. Despite its diversity, electrical engineering can be divided into four main branches: electronic power and machinery, electronics, communications and control, and computers.

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