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The objective participial construction with participle II.
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The objective participial construction with participle II consists of a noun in the common case or a personal pronoun in the objective case and participle II forming a syntactical complex, in which the two components are in a preducative relationship.
| I must have my watch mended. I never heard him spoken of badly. | Мне нужно починить часы. Я никогда не слышал, чтобы о нем плохо отзывались. |
The construction functions as a complex object to transitive verbs, mainly verbs (a) of causative meaning, (b) of physical perception, (c) of wish:
a) to have, to get, to make
You must have your photo taken.
Where did you have your hair done?
I won’t have my best friend laughed at.
We must get our tickets registered.
The speaker made himself heard with the help of a microphone.
Besides the causative meaning suggesting inducement, sentences the verb to have may occasionally express experience or possess participle II emphasizing the resulting state, as in:
The patient has an arm broken.
I have my task done.
If the action is emphasized, the perfect form is preferable:
The patient has broken an arm.
I have done my task.
Notice the difference in translation:
У больного сломана рука. Больной сломал руку.
Мое задание выполнено. Я выполнил задание.
b) to see, to hear, to feel, to find
I saw Jane addressed by a stranger.
Have you ever heard the writer’s name mentioned before?
We found the door locked.
c) to wish, to want, to like, to prefer
I want the answer sent at once.
We prefer the letter answered by the chief.
Sentences with causative verbs are usually translated into Russian by simple sentences, the causative meaning being evident from the context or the situation. In other cases a complex sentence with an object clause is preferable.
The nominative absolute participial construction with participle II.
The construction consists of the nominal element (a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the nominative case) and participle II which form a syntactical complex, the nominal element and the participle being in subject-predicate relation. The preparation completed, we started off.
The nominative absolute participial construction with participle being has the syntactical function of a detached adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances (a), manner (b), time (c), reason (d), condition (e).
a) The next day I observed you - myself unseen - for half an hour.
She was smoking now, her eyes narrowed thoughtfully.
b) He sat on the sofa, his legs crossed.
c) The duster refolded and restored, he threw his legs across the saddle. “Give it to Harriet, please,” was
then the direction, “and she can put it away.” This said, he turned and fixed his eyes on Mrs. Bretton.
d) We began to talk, but my attention distracted by my surroundings, I took small notice of him.
e) He was a gentleman, but he was passionate, the cup once sipped, would he consent to put it down?
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Ex.1. Define what Grammar constructions are used in the sentences.
Non-prepositional absolute constructions
Objective constructions with non-verbals
Participle I and the gerund compared
Participle I as independent element (parenthesis)
Passive constructions with prepositional monotransitive verbs
Prepositional absolute constructions
SUBJECTIVE INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTION
Subjective predicative constructions with non-verbal (nominal) second parts
The for-to-infinitive construction
