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Basov N.G. Prokhorov A.M. Kapitsa P.L. Exercise 5. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.
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Basov N. G. Prokhorov A. M.
Nikolay G. Basov and Aleksandr M. Prokhorov worked together on a project which led to the development of the laser and their receiving the 1964 Nobel Prize. Both worked at the Lebedev Institute of Physics (Basov was the Director from 1973-1988) and also taught at universities. Even though Prokhorov never became a member of the Academy, the Academy’s General Physics Institute was renamed after the A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute in his honour.
Kapitsa P. L.
Pyotr L. Kapitsa went to England after he had completed his studies at Petrograd Polytechnic Institute. He studied at Cambridge and also worked on various projects there. He returned to Russia in 1934 and continued his career there. He was also one of the founders of the MIPT. In addition, Kapitsa was a member of the Soviet National Committee of the Pugwash movement, a group of international scientists who wanted to use science for the good of humankind and not for violence and war. Kapitsa won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1978, for his work on low-temperature physics.
Alferov Z. I.
Zhores I. Alferov has been active in physics since graduating from the Electrotechnical Institute in Leningrad. He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2000, for the development of the semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed electronics and optoelectronics.
Ginsburg V. L. Abrikosov A. A.
More recently, Russian Nobel Prize winners in 2003 were Vitaly L. Ginsburg and Alexei A. Abrikosov. Ginsburg, who holds a doctoral degree from Moscow State University, became the director of the Academy’s Physics Institute after Igor Tamm. Ginsburg was influenced by Landau, with whom he had worked, and by Tamm, who had been his teacher. Alexei Abrikosov was educated at Moscow State University. He worked at the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics for over 20 years (1965-1988) and also taught at Moscow State University during that time. They received the Nobel Prize for Physics for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids.
Exercise 5. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.
Исключение; вести исследования; публиковать новости об открытиях; получить нобелевский приз; делать важные открытия; основатели университета; описывать что-либо; докторская степень; закончить обучение; развитие чего-либо; теория о; работать над проектом; стать главой чего-либо; различные виды работ; быть переименованным, основная часть, за исключением, поддержка, вклад, сотрудничество, описание, поколение, включать (вовлекать), назвать в честь кого-либо, завершать, высокоскоростной
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Exercise 6. a) Match the words to get word combinations.
| 1. scientific | a. degree |
| 2. recognized | b. physics |
| 3. doctoral | c. prize |
| 4. study | d. research |
| 5. theoretical | e. reaction |
| 6. receive | f. leader |
| 7. chemical | g. part |
| 8. major | h. abroad |
b) Fill in the gaps using the words from a) and answer the questions.
1. How do you spend the major _____ of your time?
2. What is necessary for receiving the _____ degree?
3. Does your university provide laboratories to carry out _____ reactions?
4. What course do students study theoretical _____ at?
5. Where can students conduct their _____ research?
6. Have you _____ any prizes?
7. Would you like to take a gap year to study _____?
8. What _____ leaders in your specialty can you name?
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