Умножение и деление положительных и отрицательных чисел
| МНОЖИТЕЛЬ(ДЕЛИМОЕ)
| МНОЖИТЕЛЬ(ДЕЛИТЕЛЬ)
| ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЕ(ЧАСТНОЕ)
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| +/ +
| + /+
| +/ +
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| +/ +
| -/ -
| -/-
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| -/ -
| +/ +
| -/ -
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| - /-
| -/ -
| +/+
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ПРИВЕДЕНИЕ ПОДОБНЫХ СЛАГАЕМЫХ
Подобные слагаемые – это слагаемые, имеющие одинаковую буквенную часть: 25х и 0,4х; 8 mи 100m; 6 
а и 7,11а
Чтобы привести подобные слагаемые, нужно сложить их коэффициенты и результат умножить на общую буквенную часть
· 6х – 2х + 4х = 8х
6 – 2 + 4 = 8
· 18а + 10а – а = 27а
18 + 10 – 1 = 27
· 5а – у + 11у – 9а – 2а = -6а + 10у
5 – 9 – 2 = -6; -1 + 11 = 10
РАСКРЫТИЕ СКОБОК
Чтобы раскрыть скобки, перед которыми стоит знак «+», нужно убрать скобки, оставив все слагаемые в скобках со своими знаками (если перед первым слагаемым в скобке знака нет, то подразумевается «+»).
· (-21х + 47 – 5х) = -21х + 47 – 5х = -26х + 47;
· 11а + (5у + 5х – 5а) = 11а + 5у + 5х – 5а = 6а + 5х + 5у;
Чтобы раскрыть скобки, перед которыми стоит знак «-», нужно убрать скобки, поменяв знаки всех слагаемых в скобках на противоположные.
· - (-21х + 47 – 5х) = 21х – 47 + 5х = 26х – 47;
· 11а – (5у + 5х – 5а) = 11а – 5у – 5х + 5а = 16а -5у – 5х.
РЕШЕНИЕ УРАВНЕНИЙ
Уравнения решаются по следующему алгоритму
| Дано уравнение
| 7х – (12 + 3х) = 4(х – 3) – 2х + 10
|
| Раскрыть скобки
| 7х – 12 – 3х = 4х – 12 – 2х + 10
|
| Перенести в левую часть уравнения неизвестные слагаемые, а в правую – известные (при переносе поменять знак!)
| 7х – 3х – 4х + 2х = -12 + 10 + 12
|
| Привести подобные слагаемые
| 2х = 10
|
| Найти корень уравнения
| Х = 10: 2
Х = 5
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| Как найти т.М (3;2) – три шага:
1) (0;0) – отправная точка
2) Ход по оси X (горизонтальная): для М на 3 единицы вправо
3) Ход по оси Y (вертикальная): для М на 2 единицы вверх
|
| Точка М (3;2):
3 – абсцисса т.М, 2 – ордината т.М
|
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