Chapter contents. Elizabeth Stanley. Introduction. Interviews
CHAPTER CONTENTS · Introduction 322 · Interviews 322 · Interviewing Victims of State Violence 324 ¡ Choosing interviews 326 ¡ Doing interviews 327 ¡ Reflections 332 · Summary and Review 335 · Study Questions and Activities for Students 336 · Suggestions for Further Reading 337 · References 337
GLOSSARY TERMS storytelling structured interviews critical research reflexivity emotionality praxis
ElIzaBeth Stanley INTRODUCTION Some of the most interesting and useful criminological research has interviews at its core (see, for example, Kelly, 1988; Lasslett, 2014; Scraton, 1999). The narratives in these works have changed the way many of us think about crime, harm and criminal justice. A significant part of this education has been that we connect with interviewees’ narratives on a deep, human level. Testimonies allow us to move beyond numbers, percentages or ‘facts’ to consider experiences, perspectives and understandings. For social researchers, interviews are a main route to original findings. Interviewing also often holds appeal among fledgling researchers – after all, there is a sense of safety in just having a conversation with someone else. However, as this chapter demonstrates, doing interviews does not equate to just ‘having a chat’. Further, deciding to interview cannot be taken lightly, particularly when a researcher wishes to explore aspects of violence or harm by powerful individuals or organizations.
INTERVIEWS
Social research is produced through interactions. It is established through verbal exchange, but also through other elements that are often overlooked – such as vocal intonation, body language or preconceived assumptions of what should be said. There is a power dynamic in every interview situation, and both parties have the capacity to fundamentally change the research outcomes as a result (see Kvale, 2007), as outlined in Box 14. 1.
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