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Exercise 5. Study the text and choose the correct variant.
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Exercise 5. Study the text and choose the correct variant.
Research is a (1)… part of university life and students are increasingly (2)… with opportunities to engage in small-scale research projects. However, it is important that research is conducted in a (3)… which is methodologically and
ethically sound, so that research (4)… can stand the test of peer-review and public scrutiny. Researchers must be able to justify the rationale for the methodology they have used and not simply use the method which is most (5)….
If using quantitative methods, it is essential that the (6)… is both large enough and representative of the population and that (7)… drawn from the data are (8)… and statistically significant. Qualitative methods, on the other hand, can give (9)… insight into human behaviour but do not claim to produce results that can be extended to the rest of the population. Consequently, a mixed methods approach can (10)… the strengths of different approaches and enhance the validity or research findings.
1. a) marginal c) fundamental
b) initial d) founding
2. a) provided c) given
b) supplied d) delivered
3. a) kind c) sort
b) style d) manner
4. a) inputs c) products
b) outputs d) turnout
5. a) convenient c) comfortable
b) skillful d) handy
6. a) picture c) illustration
b) sample d) instance
7. a) end c) closing
b) completion d) conclusions
8. a) authentic c) impressive
b) valid d) current
9. a) powerful c) drastic
b) awful d) mighty
10. a) blend c) merge
b) mix d) combine
Exercise 6. Match the term and the description of it.
Exercise 7. Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage below.
The epic robot fails that say AI will never rule the world
Will the machines rise up and enslave us? The history of incompetent robots, from klutzy cleaners to sense-mangling chatbots, suggests we can sleep easy WE ALL know how it ends: the machines rise up to enslave their puny masters. Robots and artificial intelligences may so far have confined themselves to lameless pursuits such as vacuum cleaning, beating us at board games and recommending products we might also like. But as they continue their inexorable rise, entering a “singularity” of runaway self-improvement, they will inevitably turn their attention to robopocalypse. Stephen Hawking says AI could spell the end for humanity. Elon Musk thinks it could lead to world war three.
Vladimir Putin says whoever controls AI will control the world. Maybe so. But as comic strip author Randall Munroe - himself formerly a roboticist - puts it in his book What If? Serious scientific answers to absurd hypothetical questions: “What people don’t appreciate, when they picture Terminator-style automatons striding triumphantly across a mountain of human skulls, is how hard it is to keep your footing on something as unstable as a mountain of human skulls. ”
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19 December 2017
By Douglas Heaven
Exercise 8. Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage below.
| control unstable self-improvement roboticist artificial |
Rise of the Machines
WE ALL know how it ends: the machines rise up to enslave their puny masters. Robots and … (1) intelligences may so far have confined themselves to blameless pursuits such as vacuum cleaning, beating us at board games and recommending products we might also like. But as they continue their inexorable rise, entering a “singularity” of runaway … (2), they will inevitably turn their attention to robopocalypse. Stephen Hawking says AI could spell the end for humanity. Elon Musk thinks it could lead to world war three. Vladimir Putin says whoever controls AI will … (3) the world.
Maybe so. But as comic strip author Randall Munroe - himself formerly a … (4) - puts it in his book What If? Serious scientific answers to absurd hypothetical questions: “What people don’t appreciate, when they picture Terminator-style automatons striding triumphantly across a mountain of human skulls, is how hard it is to keep your footing on something as …(5) as a mountain of human skulls. ”
13 January, 2018
New Scientist
Exercise 9. Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage below.
| Relies information charts telescope launched adjustments operate |
The Hubble Telescope
The Hubble telescope was.. (1) into space with great fanfare on April 25, 1990. Although there are many powerful telescopes at various locations on Earth, the Hubble … (2) was expected to be able to provide considerably better …(3) because it would be able to …(4) from the vacuum of space, without interference from the Earth’s atmosphere. By launching the Hubble telescope into space, NASA was, in essence, placing an observatory above the Earth's atmosphere.
Unfortunately, the Hubble telescope was initially delayed in relaying its first pictures back from space due to a simple mathematical miscalculation. The Hubble telescope …(5) upon certain stars to orient its observations, and astronomers working on the pointing instructions for the telescope used … (6) created in 1950, with adjustments for the movements of the stars in the ensuing period. In making these… (7), however, astronomers added the amount of the adjustment rather than subtracting it—a simple checkbook-balancing error. The adjustment was a change of only half a degree, but by adding half a degree rather than subtracting it, the telescope’s aim was misdirected by millions of miles.
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