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The Political System of Russia
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The Russian Federation was set up by the Constitution of 1993. After its destruction in 1991, the Soviet Union was broken up into an independent Russia and 14 other new, sovereign nations.
The Russian Federation is a presidential (or a constitutional) republic. The President is the head of state and is elected directly by the people. He controls all the three branches of power. The President is commander-in-chief of the armed forces, he makes treaties and enforces laws, appoints the prime minister, cabinet members and key judges. The President can override and in some cases even dissolve the national parliament, the bicameral Federal Assembly. The President has his administration, but it is not part of the Federal Government. The President is involved in the work of the legislative and executive branches.
The government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Each of them is checked and balanced by the President. The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of the Federation Council (upper house) and the State Duma (lower house). The members of the State Duma are elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The Federation Council is not elected. It is formed of the heads of the regions. Each Chamber is headed by the Chairman. Legislature is initiated in the State Duma, but to become a law a bill must be approved by the lower and upper houses and signed by the President. The executive power belongs to the Government. The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and regional courts.
Задания к тексту:
1. Сдайте лексический минимум по теме (15 слов)
2. Прочитайте текст
3. Переведите его на русский язык
4. Ответьте на вопросы по содержанию текста на английском языке
- What do you know about the political system of Russia?
- Who is the head of the state?
- What branches of the government do you know?
5. Перескажите текст на английском языке
Преподаватели: Надеина Е.В., Варанкин И.О.
Департамент образования и науки
Государственное автономное профессиональное образовательное учреждение
Тюменской области «Тюменский колледж водного транспорта»
Утверждаю
| Рассмотрен на заседании ЦК гуманитарных и естественнонаучных дисциплин Протокол №__от «___»____20__г. Председатель ЦК ________ Р.Г. Валишина | Заместитель директора по УМР ГАПОУ ТО «Тюменский колледж водного транспорта» _____________ Е.Р. Важнова |
Билет 12
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Scientific and Technological Progress
People in contemporary world can hardly imagine their lives without machines. Every day either a new gadget is invented or an old one is improved. Different people appreciate new inventions differently. Some suppose that sophisticated gadgets are really useful and necessary, while others find them absolutely awful as they influence people badly. As for me, I am pretty sure that gadgets make people`s lives easier.
Firstly, they do all kinds of dirty and hard work, as cleaning. Secondly, devices can save a lot of time as well as storage space. For instance, a computer disk can contain the same amount of information as several thick books. So, machines help people in different spheres.
However, opponents of this point of view are definitely sure that gadgets affect people negatively. People are reluctant to work due to the influence of machines. People become lazy and disorganized. They just expect their latest gadgets to do everything instead of them. Moreover, according to scientists, a great number of widespread devices produce radiation that can cause serious health problems. Furthermore, more and more people are becoming addicted to their modern gadgets, for instance computers, TVs or mobile phones. So, they neglect their home obligations, work or school and spend all their spare time in front of a laptop screen or a TV-set.
In conclusion, I firmly believe that in spite of all drawbacks, gadgets have, their benefits are much more considerable, as they save people`s time and let them enjoy life.
Задания к тексту:
1. Сдайте лексический минимум по теме (15 слов)
2. Прочитайте текст
3. Переведите его на русский язык
4. Ответьте на вопросы по содержанию текста на английском языке
-What do you know about modern gadgets?
- Different people appreciate new inventions differently, aren’t they?
- Do you agree that great number of widespread devices produce radiation?
5. Перескажите текст на английском языке
Преподаватели: Надеина Е.В., Варанкин И.О.
Департамент образования и науки
Государственное автономное профессиональное образовательное учреждение
Тюменской области «Тюменский колледж водного транспорта»
Утверждаю
| Рассмотрен на заседании ЦК гуманитарных и естественнонаучных дисциплин Протокол №__от «___»____20__г. Председатель ЦК ________ Р.Г. Валишина | Заместитель директора по УМР ГАПОУ ТО «Тюменский колледж водного транспорта» _____________ Е.Р. Важнова |
Билет 13
Computers in Our Life (1)
Computer addicts are the minority of computer users but there is no doubt that more and more young people are computer literate. Computer studies is a subject in many schools and many young people have personal computers. About one in three hundred computer owners spend almost all their time using computers.
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Ninety six per cent of them are males of all ages. All of them spend an average of twenty hours per week on home computers. The majority of the adults also use computers at work. All the computer addicts are very intelligent. They have been interested in science and technology from a very early age, and they are usually very shy people who like being alone.
Usage of computers gives them confidence. They love debugging and solving problems, developing programs and love learning programming languages. They learnt to communicate with other users through computer networks and the people they met in school and work think of them as of computer experts. A few spend their time "hacking" and one addict left a message on a computer of Buckingham House.
Задания к тексту:
1. Сдайте лексический минимум по теме (15 слов)
2. Прочитайте текст
3. Переведите его на русский язык
4. Ответьте на вопросы по содержанию текста на английском языке
- What do you know about the computer users?
- What is the age of ninety six per cent computer users?
- They have been interested in science and technology, aren’t they?
5. Перескажите текст на английском языке
Преподаватели: Надеина Е.В., Варанкин И.О.
Департамент образования и науки
Государственное автономное профессиональное образовательное учреждение
Тюменской области «Тюменский колледж водного транспорта»
Утверждаю
| Рассмотрен на заседании ЦК гуманитарных и естественнонаучных дисциплин Протокол №__от «___»____20__г. Председатель ЦК ________ Р.Г. Валишина | Заместитель директора по УМР ГАПОУ ТО «Тюменский колледж водного транспорта» _____________ Е.Р. Важнова |
Билет 14
Computers in Our Life (2)
A survey in a school showed that fewer girls are interested in computers because girls are less likely to have a computer. Even if they have one, they use them less frequently than boys. Possibly it is because we think of computers as something to do with maths and science, which are traditionally "male" subjects. Possibly it is because most of the computer teachers are men, who give the girls less attention. Possibly parents think it is less important for girls to have computer skills.
Some parents worry about computer games because they think their children won't be able to communicate with real people in the real world. But parents do not need to worry. According to research computer addicts usually do well after they have left school.
Parents also do not need to worry that computer addiction will make their children become unfriendly and unable to communicate with people. It is not the computer that makes them shy. In fact, what they know about computers improves their social lives. They become experts and others come to them for help and advice.
For most children computer games are a craze. Like any other craze, such as skate-boarding, the craze is short-lived. It provides harmless fun and a chance to escape.
If we didn't have these computer addicts, we wouldn't have modern technology. They are the inventors of tomorrow.
Задания к тексту:
1. Сдайте лексический минимум по теме (15 слов)
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2. Прочитайте текст
3. Переведите его на русский язык
4. Ответьте на вопросы по содержанию текста на английском языке
- Why some parents worry about computer games?
- What is the computer games for most children?
- They are the inventors of tomorrow, aren’t they?
5. Перескажите текст на английском языке
Преподаватели: Надеина Е.В., Варанкин И.О.
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