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Проанализируйте и переведите следующие предложения.
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1. Legislators in the Philippines voted not to review a law restoring capital punishment, dealing a serious blow to efforts to halt a planned execution that would be the country's first in 23 years.
2. A lawsuit charging Merrill Lynch & Co with job discrimination on the basis of sex will include 900 women plaintiffs.
3. In practice, NATO's changes this year seemed to point toward a post-Cold War configuration enabling the alliance to cope with most foreseeable security contingencies, NATO officials said.
4. Not only will he introduce a new bottom rate of income tax of 10% this April, fulfilling a promise made before the general elections; but next year he will cut the basic rate from 23% to 22%.
5. Commission staff, having finally recognised that labour laws tend to increase rather than reduce unemployment, stress how mild these measures are compared with those once envisaged.
6. The National Foreign Trade Council, representing 550 of the nation's top multinational companies and banks, warned in a report yesterday that international provisions in the US tax code were seriously “out of step” with those of other big industrial countries.
7. Many immigrants give mafiosi running the refugee rackets their life savings to reach “Europe”, (and the influx has been swollen by refugees from Kosovo).
8. Under the proposed tax, each of the European Union member countries would be required to impose a 20% withholding tax on all interest payments made to an individual who resides in another EU state...
9. Brazil's new central banker hired to do the dirty work, had ill-advisedly declared that the devaluation was consistent with the IMF deal last October.
10. The string of disasters midwifed by the global money managers is reflective not only of misjudgements but of a fatal flaw in the existing “architecture” of the IMF.
11. A false sense of security has been added to the dangers faced by Asia's new nuclear powers and their neighbours.
12. Appeals to reason fall on deaf ears, because thinking and reason tend to get in the way of those who have plans for the rest of us. Agenda politics works much better in an environment of belief backed by emotions.
13. Brazil finally gave in to the course followed by most of the world's major nations, allowing the currency it has long coddled to trade freely.
14. Roughly speaking, the Thacherites argued that the story of Britain since 1900 has been one of economic decline, followed by imperial and international decline.
15. India's oceanic research vessel Gaveshani has discovered a huge carpet of manganese nodules on the sea-bed located within India's economic zone, the Press Trust of India said Wednesday.
16. Having refused to recognise the fact in time, Washington was forced to retreat, under the pressure of rather embarrassing circumstances, from the juridically sound but politically unrealistic position it had enjoined on the United States delegation to the UN.
17. Barring further sharp increases in the price of crude oil — a development which seems highly unlikely in the short run — there is room to believe that the Japanese economy will soon emerge from its current doldrums.
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18. Having long considered a strong military unnecessary, Mexico suddenly decided to spend a portion of its oil earnings on armaments — and for the first time intended to buy supersonic jet fighters in the United States.
19. Coming on top of the splits within the Social Democratic Party, battles between the police and atomic energy protesters, and the worst monthly trade deficit in 31 years, the poll seemed to suggest that the momentum in German politics was moving with the opposition parties.
20. All three governments, pleading national budget austerity, have re fused to permit any rise in over-all EU spending above a controversial financial ceiling.
21. Tackled over the government's promise to maintain and improve the quality of education the Education Secretary admitted the cuts would leave gaps in schools timetables but hoped schools would help each other.
22. Most Turkish-Cypriots, seeing their slice of the island become ever poorer in contrast to the Greek south, think that joining the EU could dramatically improve living standards.
23. He said that the strike movement may turn into a national strike bringing about the downfall of the dictatorship.
24. Unfortunately the point of view of this politician is becoming increasingly widespread in the Western press. This is why it seems expedient to review some of the arguments put forward by those opposing the idea of such talks.
25. Opening a new session of Parliament, he disclosed that the regime intends to introduce legislation providing for preventive detention even when there is no official State of Emergency.
26. Assuming that the second chamber of Britain continues to be excluded from debating financial measures, should it have a special role in other areas, for instance, on constitutional Bills or on issues affecting the developed legislature?
27. Being monopoly dominated the most powerful of all industrial countries, the United States pushed inevitably ahead for world mastery with every available means at its command.
28. Considering the complexity of the problem, the decision was reached at a rather early date.
29. Not satisfied with the plans for the creation of an independent anti- fraud office, which could take months or even years, the Chancellor of the Exchequer calls for the speedy appointment of an independent fraud- buster within the commission's existing antifraud squad.
30. The Belgrade Children's Hospital in South London now faces a threat to close all the beds, meaning that the only children's operating theatre in the district will shut down despite recent modernisation.
31. Looked at in the medium term, it is hard not to be more pessimistic about Hong Kong's prospects.
32. After announcing the new plan yesterday, he admitted that it was “the worst economic settlement we've ever made”. Then, holding out the spectre of total job loss, the $622 million in concessions agreed to by the top UAW (United Auto Workers' Union) officials will translate into a virtual wage freeze for auto workers until September, when the current union contract expires.
33. Even counting Britain's North Sea oil bonanza total industrial production dropped 9 per cent — pulling the British economy back to levels of 1960s. Unemployment had burgeoned to 10 per cent of the British labour force — another post-Depression record — and is rising rapidly.
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34. The main reasons given were the large amount of work commissioned by the Government and the need to be satisfied that future changes in fees were consistent with P.I.B. (Prices and Incomes Board) policy.
35. The president of the Russo-British Chamber of Commerce was speaking at the Chamber's annual general meeting after a luncheon attended by the Russian Minister of Foreign Trade.
36. Taiwan's jobless rate fell to 2.97 per cent in January as economic growth remained strong enough to avoid the skyrocketing unemployment seen in most of Taiwan's neighbours.
37. This would also determine the agenda of the meeting referred to in a general way by him.
38. Taken in the early stages, these drugs prevent infirmity. Used sys tematically, they slowly but surely lead, to cure.
39. Iraqi armed forces, unprovoked according to an American report, engaged in a rare firing of surface-to-air missiles at American and British planes conducting a routine patrol on Monday to deny Iraqi planes use of airspace over large swaths of northern and southern Iraq.
40. Decisions have been taken at Brussels, which, if carried out, would lead straight to further controversies.
41. These criminal steps would be a menace to the British security, they would be preparation for aggression, which, if not halted, could only bring disaster.
42. When caught, the liar and his apologists attack the one who exposed the lie and excuse the fabrication as being in the interest of a “Higher good.”
43. In this “International Year of the Handicapped” the Manhattan Program for the Severely Handicapped is already losing some of its funding; if slashed by the threatened federal budget, especially by the block grants, the entire program could fold. Expansion has already been postponed.
44. President said in a message accompanying the document that it “will stop runaway inflation and revitalize the economy if given a chance”. He asked Congress to join him in a quest to “move America back toward economic sanity”.
45. German federal structure devolved political power, to the relief of other Europeans, tapping a tradition long preceding Hitler's Reich.
46. Though dragging their feet to the last, Britain and America could not avoid agreeing to setting up a control system, faced by Russia readiness to accept reasonable proposals.
47. Companies have flowed money raised from stock sales into computers and new technologies that have accelerated productivity — thus increasing corporate profitability while allowing companies to give real raises.
48. They wanted a Government freely chosen by the will of the people.
49. During the work-to-rule campaign many saw their efforts wasted because some were induced to work extra hours.
50. The peoples of all countries are vitally interested in seeing further steps taken at the Foreign Ministers' Conference in October.
51. All his criticisms were reserved for Labour backbenchers who want the British Forces withdrawn from that country.
52. Those who opposed the «showdown» in the State Department — a small and not very influential group at the time — saw their viewpoint being taken increasingly into account by the White House.
53. Over the famous “non-dissemination” draft treaty, harmony is to be expected — and a powerful attempt to get it signed by many nations.
54. The need for pressure from the Labour movement to get such decisions taken is urgent.
55. We will not seek to frustrate that consensus, since it is not in the world interest to have the work of the General Assembly immobilized in those troubled days.
56. It is understood that the decision was taken against strongly expressed opposition to the T.U.C. plan, particularly in the light of the Government's intention to have permanent legislation holding up pay in creases without retrospective payment.
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57. Almost daily, The Washington Post and other newspapers have their advertising revenues increased by full-page ads in which one corporation or another is telling Congress to quit dallying and pass the program.
3.2.3. Абсолютная причастная конструкция (независимый причастный оборот) – сочетание причастия с существительным в общем падеже, которое, не будучи подлежащим главного предло-жения, является субъектом действия, выраженного причастием. Кон-струкция может выполнять в предложении функцию обстоятель-ства времени, причины, условия, сопутствующего обстоятельства.
1) Препозитивный независимый причастный оборот, т.е. причастный оборот, стоящий перед главным составом предложе-ния, может иметь как временное, так и причинное значение. Какое из них имеется в виду, определяется контекстом.
В функции обстоятельства условия этот оборот выступает обычно в тех случаях, когда предложение относится к будущему времени; на русский язык переводится соответствующим придаточным предложением.
Whole cities (being) razed to the ground during the war, the building of houses was priority number one. Так как во время войны целые города были стерты с лица земли (разрушены до основания), строительство домов стало первоочередной задачей.
2) Значение сопутствующего обстоятельства эта конструк-ция имеет в постпозиции, т.е. когда она стоит после главного состава предложения, отделяется от главного предложения запятой и переводится на русский язык самостоятельным простым предложением или простым предложением, входящим в состав сложносочиненного предложения и вводимым союзами а, и или причем.
The cargo was badly damaged by the fire, the owners suffering great losses. Груз был сильно поврежден пожаром, и владельцы понесли большие потери.
Независимый причастный оборот часто вводится предлогом with, который на русский язык обычно не переводится.
With the prices going higher and higher and the wages frozen, it is becoming increasingly difficult for the British housewife to make both ends meet. Так как цены продолжают расти, а зарплата заморожена, английским хозяйкам становится все труднее сводить концы с концами.
Примечание. Причастие being, обычно в функции связки, может быть опущено. Такая «беспричастная» абсолютная конструкция также переводится на русский язык придаточным предложением.
With unemployment now a crisis issue in many areas, the Labour movement is stepping up its 'right to work' campaign. Теперь, когда вопрос о безработице стоит очень остро во многих районах страны, рабочие активизируют кампанию за «право на работу».
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