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Text B. British and American families
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British and American families are usually small. In fact the populations of both Britain and the USA have stopped growing. The typical family has a father, mother and two children.
Grandparents come to visit, but do not usually live with their children. Most people get married between the ages of 20 and 23 but many marriages end in divorce. This means that both countries have a large number of "single parent families", one father or mother looking after their children alone.
The typical British family has a car, a colour TV set, a washing machine, and a cat or dog as well. They start the day at about 7 o'clock, have breakfast at 8 and are off to work by 8.30.
More and more women now go out to work as well as men. The children have lunch at school at about 12.30, and come home at 4 in the afternoon. Their parents are usually home by 6 o'clock, and the family eats together at 6.30 or 7.
In the evenings, father may go to the pub for a drink, or stay at home and watch TV with the others. Children go to bed early, at about 8 o'clock, two or three hours before their parents.
The typical American family has more money than a British family. Many have two or three cars, large modern kitchens and more electrical goods. They eat more meat and spend more on clothes. But their daily programme is nearly the same. Like British children, American children eat lunch at school, come home mid-afternoon, and go to bed earlier than their parents.
Lesson 2. Hobbies.
Pre-reading
Task 1. Answer the following questions.
· What is a hobby?
· Why is it important for people to have a hobby?
· What kind of hobbies do you know?
Task 2. Ask your partner about his/her hobby and tell him/her about yours. Be ready to describe your partner’s hobby to your group-mates.
Task 3. Read and translate the text given below.
Hobbies
Hobbies differ like tastes. If you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste you are lucky because your life becomes more interesting.
Hobbies are divided into four large classes: doing things, making things, collecting things and learning things.
The most popular of all hobby groups is doing things. It includes a wide variety of activities, everything from gardening to travelling and from chess to volleyball.
Gardening is one of the oldest of man’s hobbies. It is a well-known fact that the English are very fond of gardening and growing flowers, especially roses.
Both grown-ups and children are fond of playing different computer games. This is a relatively new hobby but it will be more and more popular.
Making things includes drawing, painting, making sculpture, designing costumes, handicrafts. Some hobbyists paint, some – write music or play musical instruments.
Almost everyone collects something at some period in his life: stamps, coins, matchboxes, books, records, postcards, toys, watches. Some collections have no real value. Others become so large and so valuable that they are held in museums and galleries. Many world-famous collections started in a small way with one or two items. People with a good deal of money often collect paintings, rare books and other art objects. Often such private collections are given to museums, libraries, and public galleries so that others might take pleasure in seeing them.
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No matter what kind of hobby a person has, he always has the opportunity of learning from it. By reading about the things he is interested in, he is adding to what he knows. Learning things can be the most exciting aspect of a hobby. So, it is important to have a hobby: just try one and you will like it.
Vocabulary
Task 4. Find the English equivalents for the following phrases in the text.
1.широкое разнообразие,
2.возможность учиться,
3.всемирно знаменитые коллекции,
4.редкие книги,
5.сравнительно новый
6.предметы искусства,
7.играть на музыкальных инструментах.
Task 5. Find the synonyms for the following words in the text:
1. an adult,
2. to like something,
3. a diversity,
4. an enjoyment,
5. an occupation,
6. a worth,
7. a chance.
Word Formation
Task 6. Find and translate the words with suffixes and prefixes given in the text. Fill in the table. The first line is done for you.
| Word | Prefix | Base word (Root) | Suffix |
| interesting | --- | interest | ing |
Which prefixes and suffixes are common for nouns? For verbs? For adjectives? For adverbs?
Grammar
Task 7. A. Find the sentences in which Present Simple is used. Translate the sentences.
B. Explain the use of Present Simple in each case. Check yourself consulting the following rule:
| Present Simple (настоящее простое)образуется с помощью глагола в основной форме или глагола с –s для 3го лица единственного числа. V / Vs Present Simple используется для выражения: - регулярного действия - He goes to Washington every summer. - общих устоявшихся фактов - The sun rises in the east. - запланированных действий и событий (расписание) - The plane arrives at 8.30. - в анекдотах, спортивных репортажах - A husband and wife walk into a restaurant. |
For more detailed rules see Unit III. Lesson 5.
A. Find the sentences in which Future Simple is used. Translate the sentences.
B. Explain the use of Future Simple in each case. Check yourself consulting the following rule:
| Future Simple (будущее простое)образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола will и смыслового глагола в основной форме. Will V Future Simple используется для выражения: 1.запланированного, ожидаемого действия. - Next week he will go to the USA 2.Согласия, желания или отказа - I will help you if I have time |
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