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Ex. 9. Match the beginnings (1-7) and ends (a-g) of the sentences. Define the type and function of participles in each group.
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(A)
| 1. A digital computer is a machine… 2. Before 1970, computers were huge machines… 3. A transistor is a tiny piece of silicon… 4. Multimedia is a computer technology… 5. Microsoft Corporation is the world's largest company… 6. The keyboard is the most common device… 7. The mouse is an optic-mechanical device… | a) requiring thousands of separate transistors. b) helping the user to manipulate text, numbers or images in computer display. c) developing computer software. d) enabling us to input numerical and text data. e) combining text, audio, video, and animated graphics. f) performing operations on data represented in digital or number form. g) containing complex electronic circuits used inside all computers. |
(B)
| 1. While operating with graphical interface,… 2. Using learning programs,… 3. When passing through a conductor,… 4. Preparing a computer program,… 5. Using automated teller machines,… 6. Moving the mouse on the surface of the table,… 7. When designing your site,… | a) you can withdraw money from your account at any time. b) think about whether it must be interactive or informational. c) a user controls the movement of the cursor on the screen. d) free electrons form an electric current. e) students can study at their own speed. f) people usually use such manipulators as a mouse and a track ball. g) we translate ordinary business data into machine languages. |
(C)
| 1. Having made all the necessary preparations,… 2. Having measured the distance between two points,… 3. Having clicked on the hypertext link,… 4. Having viewed the film,… 5. Having looked through all the documents,… 6. Having discussed the functions of storage units,… 7. Having well prepared for the exam,… | a) we felt we had a better understanding of the conflict. b) we passed on to the consideration of control processing unit. c) the operator began assembling the device. d) the designer left the office. e) we can calculate the time a car can cover it, if we know the car’s average speed. f) the pupils could answer all the questions the teacher asked them. g) I quickly moved to another Web page. |
(D)
| 1. The image that you see on the monitor is made up of tiny dots… 2. The first microprocessor was the Intel 4004… 3. Word editor is a computer program… 4. A fundamental component in nearly all modern electronic devices is a transistor… 5. Laptop computer is a portable, battery-powered computer… 6. The Internet is a network of millions of computers around the world,… 7. Database is a collection of similar information… | a) designed by Bjarne Stroustrup in the mid-1980s. b) stored in a file, such as a database of addresses. c) produced in 1971. d) connected by phone lines, satellites or cable, so that all the computers on the Net can exchange information with each other. e) called pixels. f) used to create text files or to make changes to an existing text document. g) invented in 1948. |
(E)
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| 1. When debugged,… 2. If activated,… 3. Until translated into other languages,… 4. If asked,… 5. When keyed,… 6. If compared to vacuum tubes,… 7. Though never built,… | a) Babbage's Analytical Engine was the basis for designing today's computers. b) he will help you to fix the printer. c) the data are held in a small memory called a buffer. d) this article was not widely known. e) transistors have longer lifetime and less power consumption. f) a virus takes control of the computer’s program. g) the program will have no errors. |
Ex. 10. TEST. Choose the required variant to complete each sentence.
1. When you visit a web site, some words on the page may be underlined, ___ that there is more information about the subject in another document.
A. showing B. having showed C. showed
2. If ___ with magnetic tapes, magnetic discs can perform both sequential and random processing.
A. comparing B. having compared C. compared
3. You can play computer games through WWW, ___ with partners from other countries and continents.
A. competing B. competed C. having competed
4. ___ the research, the scientists made the analysis of the data obtained.
A. Completing B. Having completed C. Completed
5. The typewriter ___ a few days ago has gone wrong.
A. buying B. having bought C. bought
6. As an electronic memory doesn't have any ___ mechanical parts, it can transfer data at a very high speed.
A. moving B. having moved C. moved
7. When properly ___, computers don't make computational errors.
A. programming B. having programmed C. programmed
8. You will lose some of the formatting when ___ the document in another program.
A. viewing B. having viewed C. viewed
9. Modern computer monitors can display a wide variety of information, ___ text, photographs, computer graphics, video, and animation.
A. including B. having included C. included
10. Most PCs have audio speakers ___ the user to hear sounds, such as music or spoken words that the computer generates.
A. allowing B. having allowed C. allowed
11. ___ all the money, he started looking for work.
A. spending B. having spent C. spent
12. ___ the Mark I computer, the scientists ___ at the Harvard University under the direction of Prof. Aiken used it for ballistic calculations.
A. Developing B. Having developed C. Developed
A. working B. having worked D. worked
Ex. 11. Define the functions of the italicized participles and infinitives. Read and translate the text.
DEEP BLUE
In 1996, IBM challenged Garry Kasparov to a chess match with a supercomputer called Deep Blue. The computer operated by a team of 6 IBM programmers had the ability to calculate more than 100 million chess positions per second. Applying this massive computational power, Deep Blue won the first game of the match. Kasparov, however, defeated Deep Blue by a score of 4 games to 2 to win the match.
A year later, Kasparov accepted a rematch against an improved version of Deep Blue. This supercomputer uses 256 processors working together to calculate between 50 and 100 billion chess moves in under three minutes. Having won the first game, Kasparov, however, lost in the six-game chess match. Deep Blue II became the first computer to defeat a reigning world chess champion.
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Nowadays, computers like Deep Blue are used to forecast the weather, to do drug and genetics research, to design clean-up plans for toxic waste and to power web servers on the Internet. Deep Blue serves as a prototype for future computers to be required to solve complex problems.
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