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Appearance and personality
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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ТРАНСПОРТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
УЛЬЯНОВСКОЕ ВЫСШЕЕ АВИАЦИОННОЕ УЧИЛИЩЕ
ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ АВИАЦИИ (ИНСТИТУТ)
Практикум по английскому языку
Для курсантов, обучающихся
На многоуровневой основе
В 2 частях
Часть 1
Ульяновск 2008
ББК Ш 14.21-9 я7
П69
Практикум по английскому языку для курсантов, обучающихся на многоуровневой основе. В 2 ч. / сост. Л.М. Федечко, Н.Н. Цветкова, О.М. Кузнецова. – Ч. 1. – Ульяновск: УВАУ ГА, 2008. – 129 с.
Содержит аутентичные тексты и упражнения для формирования, развития и закрепления лексических навыков, навыков чтения, навыков диалогической и монологической речи в сфере бытовой коммуникации.
Предназначен для использования на практических занятиях по дисциплинам «Иностранный (английский) язык» и «Разговорный английский язык» курсантами первого курса всех специальностей.
Печатается по решению Редсовета училища.
Оглавление
Предисловие. 3
Family. 4
Appearance and Personality. 15
Occupation. 33
Accommodation. 55
City. Countryside. 75
Eating out 93
Shopping. 110
ã Ульяновск, УВАУ ГА, 2008
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Настоящий практикум подготовлен на кафедре иностранных языков Ульяновского высшего авиационного училища гражданской авиации. Практикум состоит из двух частей и рассчитан на курсантов первого и второго курсов всех специальностей.
Цель пособия – научить курсантов практическому использованию лексико-грамматического материала в устных и письменных высказываниях на темы общего характера.
Издание организовано по тематическому принципу: практикум состоит из семи разделов: 1) знакомство, семья; 2) личностная характеристика; 3) выбор профессии; 4) выбор места жительства; 5) город, деревня; 6) еда, посещение кафе; 7) покупки, посещение магазинов. Каждый раздел включает в себя глоссарий, предтекстовые упражнения, тексты, вопросы, контролирующие понимание текстов, диалоги и ситуации для их составления, серию послетекстовых лексических упражнений, проблемные ситуации для обсуждения в устной и письменной форме. Для более полного усвоения материала целесообразно последовательно прорабатывать все предлагаемые в разделе задания.
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Представленный в практикуме материал имеет разный уровень сложности и может быть использован на практических занятиях в группах с разным уровнем подготовки курсантов. Надеемся, что данное пособие будет способствовать развитие коммуникативной компетенции курсантов и поддержанию их интереса к изучению иностранного языка.
FAMILY
I. Topical vocabulary
Life Story
| to be born | родиться |
| to grow up | расти, взрослеть |
| to have a happy childhood | иметь счастливое детство |
| to go to school (to be at school) | учиться в школе |
| to be a teenager (to be in one’s teens) | быть в возрасте от 13 до 19 |
| to leave school | заканчивать школу |
| to enter the university | поступить в университет |
| to graduate from the university | окончить университет |
| to join the army | пойти в армию |
| to start work | начать работать |
| to fall in love with sb | влюбиться в кого-л. |
| to get engaged to sb | обручиться с кем-л. |
| to marry sb | жениться на ком-л., |
| to get married | выйти замуж за кого-л.. пожениться |
| to be married to sb | быть женатым на ком-л., замужем за кем-л. |
| to start a family | начать семейную жизнь |
| to expect a baby (to be in a family way) | ждать ребенка |
| to give a birth to a girl / boy (to have a baby) | родить мальчика /девочку/ ребенка |
| to adopt a child | усыновить, удочерить ребенка |
| to bring up children | воспитывать детей |
| to divorce sb (to get divorced with sb) | разводиться с кем-л. |
| to grow old | стареть |
| to make a will | составить завещание |
| to inherit sth | наследовать, унаследовать что-л. |
| to die | умирать |
| to be buried | быть похороненным |
II. Texts
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Text A
Read the text and find English equivalents for the following Russian words and word combinations: 1) имя; 2) фамилия; 3) мама; 4) папа; 5) сестра, 6) брат; 7) родители; 8) племянник; 9) племянница; 10) теща; 11) тесть; 12) зять; 13) тетя; 14) дядя; 15) двоюродные братья и сестры; 16) бабушка и дедушка; 17) состоять в браке.
My Family
I am Steve Jones. Steve is my first name and Jones is my surname. I am seventeen years old. My family is large. We are four in our family: a father, a mother, a sister, a brother and me.
My parents are fine people. My mother’s name is Emma. She is forty-two. She’s tall and slim. My father’s name is Ben. He’s forty-five. He’s often very busy. My sister’s name is Dolly. She is twenty-three. She is married. Her husband’s name is Ted. Dolly and Ted’s son Den is my nephew. Their daughter Ann is my niece. My father is Ted’s father-in-law. My mother is Ted’s mother-in-law. Ted is my parents’ son-in-law. And I am Ted’s brother-in-law. We are close friends. My little brother’s name is John. Johnny is only six. He’s very noisy. His life is easy. My father’s sister Bess is my aunt. My mother’s brother Nick is my uncle.
My aunt and uncle’s children are my cousins. My cousins’ names are Mike and Jane. My grandparents, my parents’ parents are not very old. My two grandfathers are about seventy. My two grandmothers are sixty-five. I am a student. My hobby is music. We are all very happy together.
Say whether these statements are true or false.
1. Steve Jones is fifteen years old.
2. His family is large.
3. They are six in the family.
4. His mother’s name is Sadie and she is fifty-one.
5. His father’s name is Ben.
6. Steve’s sister Dolly is twenty-three.
7. Her husband’s name is Paul.
8. Dolly’s daughter is Steve’s cousin.
9. Steve’s father is Ted’s father-in-law.
10. Ted is Steve’s parents brother-in-law.
Text B
Family Life
Marriage is a thing which only a rare person in his or her life avoids. True bachelors and spinsters make up only a small percent of the population; most single people are ‘alone but not lonely’.
Millions of others get married because of the fun of family life. And it is fun, if one takes it with a sense of humour.
There’s a lot of fun in falling in love with someone and chasing the prospective fiancée, which means dating and going out with the candidate. All the relatives (parents, grandparents and great-grandparents, brothers and sisters, cousins, aunts and uncles, nieces and nephews, stepmothers and stepfathers and all in-laws) meanwhile have the fun of criticizing your choice and giving advice. The trick here is not to listen to them but propose to your bride-to-be and somehow get her to accept your proposal. Then you may arrange the engagement and fix the day of the wedding.
What fun it is to get all those things, whose names start with the word ‘wedding’ – dress, rings, cars, flowers, cakes, etc.! It’s great fun to pay for them.
It’s fun for the bride and the groom to escape from the guests and go on a honeymoon trip, especially if it is a wedding present from the parents. The guests remain with the fun of gossiping whether you married for love or for money.
It’s fun to return back home with the idea that the person you are married to is somewhat different from the one you knew. But there is no time to think about it because you are newly-weds and you expect a baby.
There is no better fun for the husband than taking his wife to a maternity home alone and bringing her back with the twins or triplets.
And this is where the greatest fun starts: washing the newly-born ’s nappies and passing away sleepless nights, earning money to keep the family, taking children to kindergarten and later to school. By all means, it’s fun to attend parents’ meetings and to learn that your children take after you and don’t do well at school.
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The bigger your children grow, the more they resemble you outwardly and the less they display likeness with you inwardly. And you start grumbling at them and discussing with your old friends the problem of the ‘ generation gap ’.
And when at last you and your grey-haired spouse start thinking that your family life has calmed down, you haven’t divorced but preserved the union, the climax of your fun bursts out!
One of your dearest off-spring brings a long-legged blonde to your house and says that he wants to marry. And you think ‘Why do people ever get married?’
Match the following words with their definitions.
| Bride | The relationship between two people who are husband and wife |
| Groom / bridegroom | A ceremony in which two people get married |
| Offspring | To be similar to someone or something especially in appearance |
| Marriage | A formal agreement to get married |
| Wedding | The man who is getting married |
| Honeymoon | The difference in opinions or behavior between older and younger people which often causes problems between them. |
| Engagement | No longer married because the marriage has been legally ended |
| To resemble | The woman who is getting married |
| To be divorced | Someone’s child or children |
| Generation gap | A holiday for two people who have just got married |
Text C
American Family Trends
The United States of America is a very multinational and multi-cultural country. This nation formed by immigrants has a little of almost every culture of the world mixed together. That’s why it’s hard to talk about something typical for Americans – what is common for one family can be unusual for another. Of course, there are stereotypes. An American family with two parents and two children living in a single house and having a pet and two cars is one of them. As all stereotypes, that’s not true in most cases.
The traditional American family consisting of a husband, wife and children is becoming less and less frequent. More people who are not legally married are living together. More and more children are being raised in single-parent families, by both poor women and by women who are professionally employed. Others postpone marriage and childbirth and as a consequence bear fewer children than women who marry earlier. Among the educated more and more couples are deciding to have fewer and fewer children. An exception to this trend occurs among blacks, Hispanics and among the very poor. In 1990 the size of the average American family was 3.2 individuals.
Young people rarely live with their parents. Usually, upon graduation from high school children move out of the family home. To reduce expenses young people frequently rent apartments or a house. Usually two to five young people rent an apartment or a house together and share other expenses.
While young people are getting married later in life, the divorce rate is increasing. Roughly 50% of all marriages in the US now end in divorce.
Now let’s have a look at an American family – the Palermos, living in Dallas.
Kent (an accountant) and Connie (works part-time as a pre-school teacher) have two children – Valerie (15) and Lindsey (11). They live in Bedford a suburban town in a house, as most Americans.
The Palermo family is a very busy family, mostly with sports activities. After school (it starts at around 8 am and finishes at about 3 pm) the girls are busy with soccer and basketball practices, their hobbies and everyday homework. They study five days a week from Monday to Friday, and have the same schedule every day. Kent and Connie also like sports and are very active people. Connie was a soccer player in elementary school, also took ballet lessons and was in a girl-scout club. Kent played football, basketball, baseball, ran track, was a boy-scout. Now he enjoys playing golf and likes hiking. As their hobbies, Lindsey and Valerie take piano lessons, and Valerie also plays clarinet in a school band.
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In their free time, Palermo family enjoys visiting their friends, going to movies, exhibition centres, different events such as rodeos and fairs, or just having rest near the TV. The girls also like video games, playing table-tennis, bike-riding, playing with their dog and going shopping to the malls – their most favourite thing. They also love visiting their friends.
Another Palermo family’s favourite activity is travelling. They also like being outdoors exploring Texas by hiking and camping near one of hundreds of man-made lakes.
Holidays – Christmas, Easter, Thanksgiving – the Palermos usually spend gathering with friends and relatives like one large family.
The last name Palermo has Italian routes. As most Americans, the Palermos have a lot of different nationalities in their family tree. Connie is German, English, Dutch, French, American Indian, Irish… Kent is Italian, Czech and has native American ancestors.
Spending Sunday morning in church is very common for American families. Many churches offer Saturday evening services because of people’s busy schedules. Church for Americans is not only praying, but also a chance to meet with friends.
Answer the following questions.
1. What is a stereotype of an American family?
2. Why is the traditional American family becoming less frequent nowadays?
3. What is young people’s attitude to family life?
4. The divorce rate is increasing, isn’t it? What are the reasons?
5. Does the Palermo family conform to the typical stereotype of the family? Why/why not?
III. Vocabulary Exercises
Ex. 1. Look at the following short texts and find an example of
- a nuclear family;
- an extended family;
- a single-parent family;
- a couple who adopted a child;
- a couple with no children.
1. We’re married with three kids. Our eldest son, Simon, has just started secondary school, our daughter, Lisa, is eight and our youngest son, Luke, is only five.
2. We’ve only been married for a year. We’re not planning to start a family yet.
3. I’m a single mum. I bring up my son Josh on my own. Josh doesn’t mind being an only child but I think he’d like a brother or sister one day.
4. We share the house with my mother and father and my wife’s sister and her kids. Everyone helps to look after all the children.
5. We couldn’t have children of our own and so we decided that adoption was the only answer. Lily came to live with us two years ago. She seems very happy at the moment but we realize that she might want to find her real mother one day.
Ex. 2. Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences below.
1. We’re not planning to start a) the house with my wife’s family.
2. They help us to take care of b) a baby from China.
3. We adopted c) her real mother one day.
4. We share d) the children.
5. She might want to find e) a family just yet.
Ex.3. Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases below.
the whole family a very close family a big family family tree
a big family reunion
1. I come from …. I’ve got four brothers and two sisters.
2. We’re …. We see each other almost every day and if ever I’m in trouble, I know I can turn to one of them for help.
3. It’s my son’s eighteenth birthday next week. We’re hoping to get …. together.
4. My wife and I are celebrating our 40th wedding anniversary soon. We’re planning to have ….
5. When I was researching my …, I found out that my great-great-grandfather came over to England from Ireland 120 years ago.
Ex. 4. Complete the following text with the words and phrases below.
in love going out boyfriend kissed girlfriend
romantic relationship date
Peter had never had a (1) …. Anna had never had a (2) …. When they started (3) … together, they were both very nervous. For their first (4) … Peter wanted to take her somewhere (5) …, so he booked a table at an Italian restaurant. He walked her home. When he left, they (6) … goodnight. The next day Anna told her best friend that she was (7) … with Peter and this was the first really serious (8) … in her life.
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Ex. 5. Read the following sentences and put the words and phrases in bold type into the correct column below.
1. It started out as just a casual relationship but one day I realized we had fallen in love.
2. Tina and Mike spend every minute together. They’re obviously madly in love.
3. I met a guy when I was in Greece, but I knew it was just a holiday romance. I never saw him again after we got back.
4. John’s been with Linda for ages. He absolutely adores her.
5. I haven’t heard a girlfriend for a while now. I had a brief relationship with someone a few months ago, but it didn’t really work out.
| Serious … | Not serious … |
Ex. 6. Match the beginnings of the phrases on the left with the endings on the right.
| 1. She loves 2. She is in love 3. She fell in love 4. She kissed 5. She lives 6. She married | a) him. b) with him. |
Ex. 7. Use the correct form of these words and expressions.
get engaged propose to set a date arrange ask
1. I’ve got some news. I’m really excited. Mark … me to marry him last night. I said yes!
2. I remember the day my husband … me. We were on holiday in Greece. It was very romantic.
3. Have you heard? Martin and Lisa have just …. They’re planning to get married next year. – Really? That’s fantastic. Have they …?
4. In some countries parents … their children’s marriages. They look for a suitable partner for their son or daughter to marry.
Ex. 8. Julie and Dave are getting married next month. Match the beginnings of the phrases on the left with the endings on the right.
| 1. Julie has sent out 2. Dave has asked 3. They’ve booked 4. Julie has bought 5. They’ve bought each other 6. They’ve made 7. Julie is going to have 8. Dave is going to have | a) her wedding dress. b) a stag night on the Friday before the wedding. c) a wedding list. d) a hen night on the Friday before the wedding. e) invitations to all the wedding guests. f) wedding rings. g) the hotel for the reception. h) his brother to be best man. |
Ex. 9. Use the words and expressions in the text below.
silver wedding get married happily married golden wedding
I’m Keith Barratt. I’m 21 and a student. I’m still single and probably won’t (1) … till I’m nearer 30.
My parents are very (2) …. They were married for 3 years before I was born, so next year they’re celebrating their (3) … anniversary.
Last year my grandparents celebrated their (4) … – 50 years with the same person! That’s quite an achievement!
Ex. 10. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases below.
destroyed our marriage broke up get a divorce left him
got custody of the children saved our marriage
didn’t work out separated
1. His wife … two years ago for another man.
2. I was so happy when I got married but things … and we split up three years ago.
3. Our marriage … after my wife discovered I’d been seeing somebody else.
4. My wife and I … last year. We hadn’t been very happy for a while. We’ve now decided that the best thing is to ….
5. A few years ago my husband started seeing another woman. I tried to forgive him but it was impossible. In the end it ….
6. Things started to go wrong after about three years. I guess we just got bored of each other. Then I had a baby and things got much better. I think that’s what ….
7. I got divorced five years ago. Unfortunately, my ex-wife … and now I only see them at the weekend and for a few weeks during the summer.
IV. Dialogues
1. Read the dialogue in pairs.
Tell Me About Your Family
- Tell me about your family, Helen.
- I have got a sister Kate, and a brother called Ted. I’ve got one aunt and one uncle. Carla is my mother’s sister and my uncle’s name is Jack.Their daughter, Nancy, is my cousin. I’ve got one cousin.
- That is not a very big family.
- Not, but we are all very close. Oh, what’s this?
- This is a picture of me with my wife Judy and my children. My son’s name is John and my daughter’s name is Joanne.
- And who’s this?
- It’s Joanne’s boyfriend, Robert.
- How old is he?
- He’s twenty-two.
- I think I know him from somewhere.
- You can meet him and the rest of my family tomorrow at our little dinner party. Would you like to come?
- Yes, that sounds lively. Thank you.
- Not at all. See you tomorrow then.
- All right. See you!
2. Working in pairs make up a dialogue for the following imaginary situations.
a) Your friend tells you about his brother (sister) you’ve never seen. You want to know all the details of his (her) life.
b) You talk to a distant relative trying to find out in what relationship you stand to each other. The only way is to ask questions about all the relatives you know.
V. Speaking Tasks
1. Describe a family event you are looking forward to.
You should say:
- what the event is and where it will be held;
- what members of the family will be present there;
- what you will do at the event.
Explain why you are looking forward to this family event.
2. Describe your friend’s family.
You should say:
- how many members there are in it and what they are;
- how old they are and what they do for a living;
- what the relations between them are.
Say what your impressions of the family are.
3. Your teacher has asked you to share your ideas on the following question.
Family or friends – which are more important?
APPEARANCE AND PERSONALITY
I. Topical Vocabulary
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