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The Harm of Smoking. Задание №1. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту. 1.Is it bad if someone around is smoking?. 2.How do the tar and smoke get stuck in your lungs?
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The Harm of Smoking
The problem of smoking is very acute in modern society. You can see lots of men, women and even teenagers smoking in the streets. It is, of course, the shortest way to bad health. There are many other harmful waste gases in the air nowadays. They come from industrial or automobile manufacturing. However, smoking is the worst of all fumes. Even if we don’t smoke ourselves but simply inhale these fumes from other smokers’ cigarettes, it is harmful. Those who don’t smoke but sit next to smoking people are called passive smokers. In the past few years measures have been taken to reduce smoking. In a number of countries the anti-smoking campaigns were launched. As a result smoking was banned in public places in some cities. Our country is also on its way to struggling with smoking. Not a long time ago a new law was introduced that all restaurants should have separate areas for non-smokers. Many schools run a series of lectures on the harm of smoking and it has a positive effect on children. Apart from breathing problems and bad smell, smoking leads to heart attacks and strokes at an early age. Other than that many people suffered from cancer because of smoking. Appearance also suffers: the teeth become yellow, the skin and hair look unhealthy and pale, the immune system become weak. The harm of cigarettes for women should be especially highlighted. They give birth to children and it’s difficult to have a healthy child being a smoker. Above all, cigarettes are costly and they worsen the personal budget. As you can see, there are no advantages of smoking at all, only harm and danger.
Задание №1. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
1. Is it bad if someone around is smoking?
2. How do the tar and smoke get stuck in your lungs?
3. Does smoking kill you?
4. Someone in my family smokes a lot. Shoulder I tell them to stop?
5. How long does it take for your lungs to get better after you quit smoking?
6. Why do people smoke in the first place?
7. Are vaping and smoking an e-cigarette the same thing?
Модальный глагол Should
Модальный глагол Should используется в значении личного совета, рекомендации, долженствования, порицания, личного мнения.
Переводится на русский язык: следует, нужно, *должен, надо, следовало бы.
НАСТОЯЩЕЕ — I should work. Мне следует / нужно, должен/ работать.
БУДУЩЕЕ — We should write a song. Нам надо /мы должны/ написать песню.
*ПРОШЕДШЕЕ — добавляем have + глагол в прошедшем времени:
She should have worked.
Ей надо было/она должна была работать.
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You shouldn’t have come.
Тебе не следовало/ты не должен был приходить.
Should в отрицательной форме
Чтобы сказать предложение в отрицательной форме, добавляем частичку — not —
You shouldn’t smoke.
Вы не должны курить.
5 things you should never do in Russia.
5 вещей, которые вам не следует /нельзя/ делать в России.
I shouldn’t done this.
Should в вопросительной форме
Сам глагол — should — выносится на первое место предложения.
Should you work for free?
Должны ли вы работать бесплатно?
Тема 6. 2. Систематизация и обобщение знаний по разделам.
1) Первая медицинская помощь.
2) Проблемы современного человека.
3) Курение и его воздействие на человека.
4) Наркомания и её воздействия на организм.
5) СПИД.
First aid
Some knowledge of first aid is essential for everyone and should be an essential part of teaching at the medical college. The most important thing in an emergency is not to lose one's head. When you give the first aid you must be very calm. If the injured person has hurt himself with a fall, make him lie down comfortably and see whether there are any cuts or bruises. If movement of arm or leg hurts, there may be fracture, so leave the limb in the position in which it is.
Bleeding can lead to a severe loss of blood. The best way to stop bleeding is by direct pressure with a clean cloth. If the bleeding is from the arm or the leg, the limb can be kept in a raised position. If the bleeding is from a nose, put a cold compress on the nose. It will stop the blood. Ice placed on the nose also stops bleeding. In severe case doctors make blood transfusion.
Fracture or break in the bone can result from any injury. There is a pain, swelling and tenderness and there may be a deformity. The injured part should be prevented from moving. Usually, an X-ray is necessary to confirm whether there is a fracture or not.
Notes
| first aid | - первая помощь |
| knowledge | - знание |
| essential | - неотъемлемый |
| emergency | - непредвиденный случай |
| to lose | - терять |
| calm | - спокойный |
| injured | - пострадавший |
| to hurt | - причинить боль |
| bruise | -ушиб, синяк |
| fracture | - перелом |
| limb | - конечность |
| bleeding | - кровотечение |
| blood transfusion | - переливание крови |
| fracture | - перелом |
| swelling | - опухоль |
| tenderness | - мягкость |
Answer the questions to the text:
· What is the most important thing in an emergency?
· How must a person act when he gives the first aid?
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· Do you know how to give the first aid?
· What can lead to a severe loss of blood?
· What is the best way to stop the bleeding?
· What do the doctors do in severe cas
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