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10. Chose the answer a, b or c
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10. Chose the answer a, b or c
1. Engine is at the____________________________________.
a) front end of the car b) rear end of the car c) back of it
2. The clutch is situated ________________________the flywheel.
a) opposite b) behind c)in front of
3. The clutch is______________________________________.
a) a hard-wearing material b) means of turning c) a friction device
4. The main function of the gearbox is_____________________.
a) to stop the car b) to slow the car c) change the speed
5. The power is always transmitted by_____________________.
a) the live back axle b) the cardan shaft c) the rear axle
11. Read the text and make up a plan of it
Drive train
The engine and all parts that carry power to the wheels are called the drive train. It includes the transmission, drive shaft, differential, the axles and the drive wheels that move the car.
While most cars have driving wheels in the front, some have them in the back. Cars that need to drive over all kinds of ground have a four-wheel drive.
The transmission controls the speed and torque. When a car travels at a normal speed on a flat road it does not need so much torque to keep it moving, but when you want to start a car from a hill the engine must produce more power. Gears control speed and power of the engine in different driving conditions.
In cars with manual transmission you have to change gears by pressing down the clutch with your foot and moving a lever. Cars with automatic transmission change gears without control by the driver. Lower gears give the car more torque and speed. When the car moves faster the transmission shifts to higher gears.
The driveshaft carries the power to the axle which is connected to the wheels. It has several joints which make the axle and wheels moveable as the car drives on uneven and bumpy roads.
The differential is connected to the rear end of the driveshaft. It lets the wheels turn at different speeds because in curves the outer wheels must travel a greater distance than the inner ones.
Speaking
12. Look at the picture and try to answer the questions
1. What is the car designed for?
2. What color is it?
3. What kind of engine is used? (petrol, diesel, electric)
4. Where is the engine placed? (in the front or in the rear)
5. What fuel does it run on?
6. What is the maximum /top speed of this car?
7. How many seats are there in the car?
8. What accessories/options are included?
9. What are the sizes/dimensions of this car?
10. Are there any electrical devices in the automobile?
11. How much fuel does the car use for 1 km? What is the mileage of it?
12. What is the tank capacity?
13. What kind of transmission/gearbox is it equipped with?
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Listening
13. Listen to the text “Chassis” and put the word combinations into the order they are mentioned in the text
a) drive system
b) steering system
c) steel bod
14. Listen to the text again and complete the sentences
1. The car frame, drive train, suspension, wheels, steering, brake system are
included into the _____________________.
2. The body of modern cars is made of ____________.
3. The drive system carries the power from the transmission to the_________________ that move the car.
4. Today in modern cars _________________ are used as driving wheels.
5. A front-wheel drive includes the engine, transmission, and _________________.
6. Four-wheel steering provides stability and maneuverability, it also adds ____________, _______________ and ______________.
15. Translate from Russian into English
1. Главные структурные компоненты автомобиля: двигатель, шасси и кузов.
2. Основными узлами шасси являются: трансмиссия, ходовая часть и рулевой механизм.
3. Источник энергии для автомобиля – двигатель.
4. Энергия двигателя предается через трансмиссию и ходовую часть к ведущим колесам.
5. Трансмиссия включает сцепление, коробку передач, карданную передачу, главную передачу и приводные валы или полуоси.
6. Маховик крепится на задней части двигателя.
7. Сцепление соединяет двигатель с коробкой передач.
8. Коробка передач предназначена для изменения скорости движения автомобиля.
9. Дифференциал позволяет ведущим колесам вращаться с разной скоростью при повороте автомобиля.
10. Ходовая часть включает в себя раму, передний и задний мосты, подвеску, колеса.
11. Тормоза используются для остановки или снижения скорости автомобиля.
UNIT IV. AUTOMOBILE BRAKING SYSTEMS
1. Read the words in the box and guess what they mean
| hydraulic, cylinder, electric, electromagnet, compress, disc, mechanism, efficient |
2. Learn the words and translate their derivatives
apply (v) – применять, использовать – application, applied, applying, applicable
band (n) – лента – band brake
deliver (v) – доставлять – delivery, delivered, delivering
drum (n) – барабан – drum brake
effort (n) - усилие – braking effort, effortless
emergency - аварийная ситуация – emergency brake
equip (v) – оснащать, оборудовать – equipment, equipped, equipping
fluid (n) – жидкость
sin. liquid
force (n, v) – сила, толкать – forcing, forced, forcedly
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improve (v) – улучшать – improvement, improving, improved, improver
shoe - колодка – shoe brake
safe (adj) – безопасный – safely, safeness
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