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Tick-borne encephalitis. Tuberculosis. Health proverbs and wise thoughts. General health
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Tick-borne encephalitis
Phonetic exercise: tick-borne [‘tik, b 
: n], encephalitis [en, sefə ‘laitis], viral [‘vaiə rə l], inflammation [, inflə ’mei∫ n], characterized [‘kæ ktə raizd], occur [ə ‘kə: ], serum [‘siə rə m], asymptomatic [ə, simptə ’mæ tik], chronic [‘kr nik], excessive [ik’sesiv], malaise [mə ‘leiz, mæ ‘leiz], nausea [‘n : siə ], abdomen [‘æ bdə men], abdominal [æ b’d minl], headache [‘hedeik], discomfort [dis‘kΛ fə t], polymerase [‘p limə reis], supportive [se‘p : tiv], care [kε ə ]
Make a report on tick-borne encephalitis according to the plan below:
Definition: a viral infectious disease involving the central nervous system. The disease most often manifests as meningitis, encephalitis, or meningoencephalitis. Although TBE is most commonly recognized as a neurological disorder, mild fever can also occur. Long-lasting or permanent neuropsychiatric consequences are observed in 10-20% of infected patients.
Etiology: Three virus sub-types: European or Western tick-borne encephalitis virus, Siberian tick-borne encephalitis virus, and Far-Eastern tick-borne encephalitis virus. Mortality: 1% to 2%, with deaths occurring 5 to 7 days after the onset of neurologic signs. Transmission: It is transmitted by the bite of several species of infected ticks, or (rarely) through the non-pasteurized milk of infected cows.
Diagnosis: The TBE virus may be present in a seronegative strain or subtype.
Treatment and prevention: hospitalization and supportive care based on syndrome severity; anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids may be considered under specific circumstances for symptomatic relief; tracheal intubation and respiratory support, etc. Prevention: vaccination.
TUBERCULOSIS
Phonetic exercise: tuberculosis [tju:, bə: kjə ’lə usis], infectious [in’fek∫ ə s], bacteria [bæ k’tiə riə ], various [‘vε ə riə s], strains [streinz], chronic [‘kr nik]
Make a report on tuberculosis according to the plan below:
Definition: a common and often deadly infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria.
Epidemiology: a third of the world's population are thought to be infected with M. tuberculosis, and new infections occur at a rate of about one per second. In 2010 there were an estimated 13. 7 million chronic active cases, 9. 3 million new cases, and 1. 8 million deaths, mostly in developing countries.
Causes: Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Affected organs: the lungs and other parts of the body.
Transmission: through the air, when people who have the disease cough, sneeze, or spit.
Symptoms, signs, clinical manifestations, clinical features: a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss.
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Diagnosis: radiology (commonly chest X-rays), a tuberculin skin test, blood tests, as well as microscopic examination and microbiological culture of bodily fluids.
Treatment: long courses of multiple antibiotics.
Prevention: screening programs and vaccination, usually with Bacillus Calmette-Gué rin vaccine.
HEALTH PROVERBS AND WISE THOUGHTS
GENERAL HEALTH
· A healthy man is a successful man.
· Prevention is better than cure.
· What can’t be cured must be endured.
· Health is above wealth.
· Health is better than wealth.
· Wealth is nothing without health.
· Good health is the sister of beauty.
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