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10. Translate the sentences into English. Use the Present Perfect or Past Simple Tense. Use the prompts in brackets.
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10. Translate the sentences into English. Use the Present Perfect or Past Simple Tense. Use the prompts in brackets.
1. Они поженились в 1990 году (get married). 2. Они женаты уже три года (be married). 3. Он жил в Брайтоне, а потом переехал в Лондон (live, move). 4. Она живет в Голливуде с 2004 (live).
5. У моей сестры вчера родился ребенок (have her baby). 6. Я работаю в банке уже 20 лет (work in a bank). 7. Город сильно изменился с тех пор, как я был ребенком (change a lot). 8. Мы уехали из Испании, когда ему было 25 (leave, be).
READING AND TRANSLATION PRACTICE
UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN
Part I
The educational system of Great Britain is extremely complex. Speaking about post-school education, it includes universities, colleges of higher education and some business schools.
There are more than 44 universities in Britain. Oxford, Cambridge and London are the leading ones. They all differ from each other in history and traditions, general organization or internal government. British universities are comparatively small. The approximate number of students reaches about seven or eight thousand. Most universities have under three thousand students, some of them have even less than one thousand and a half ones. London and Oxford universities are famous for being international as people from many parts of the world can come to study at one of their colleges.
The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date back to the twelfth and thirteenth centuries respectively. They still keep ancient traditions and the way how students lived and studied long ago. The Scottish Universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh were founded in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. All the other universities started in the last two centuries.
There are some more institutions where the quality of education is considered of university standard. For example, they are: the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology; the two postgraduate business schools which are supported jointly by industry and the government – the Manchester Business School and the London Graduate School of Business Studies; the Imperial College of Science and Technology; and the Royal College of Art.
Part II
A British university usually consists of colleges. The departments of the colleges are organized into faculties: art, law, music, economy, education, medicine, engineering, agriculture and so on. The academic year at a university has three terms which last roughly eight to ten weeks. Each term is full of activity and the vocations between the terms – a month at Christmas, a month at Easter, and three or four months in summer – are mainly periods of intellectual digestion and private study. During the terms students have a series of lectures, seminars, tutorials and laboratory classes. Lectures are given to large groups of students while seminars are for smaller ones. Lectures and seminars are all as long as one hour. As for laboratory classes, they last two or three hours. Teaching is also carried out by tutorial system. This is the system of individual tuition which implies that each student goes to his tutor’s room once a week to read and discuss an essay the student has prepared.
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A person studying for a degree at a British university is called an undergraduate. After three or four years of study he becomes a graduate and will leave with the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Science (BA, BSc). Students can continue studying for their Master’s degree (Master of Arts or of Science – MA, MSc) and then for the highest university degree – the Doctor’s degree (Doctor of Philosophy – PhD). They carry out a research in a particular field and do their postgraduate work.
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VOCABULARY
| accidentally | случайно |
| activity | деятельность |
| adjourn | делать перерыв, расходиться |
| ancient | древний |
| Bachelor | бакалавр |
| be allowed | быть позволено |
| be engaged in | быть занятым в |
| be founded | быть основанным |
| be in session | быть в работе, работать |
| belong | принадлежать |
| Christmas | рождество |
| churchmen | церковнослужители |
| common employment | общее занятость |
| competition | конкуренция, конкурс |
| complex | сложный, комплексный |
| consist of | состоять из |
| date back | относиться, восходить к (определённой эпохе) |
| degree | степень |
| differ from | отличаться от |
| Easter | пасха |
| educational system | образовательная система |
| elite | элитный, элита |
| enter | поступать |
| government | управление, руководство, правительство |
| graduate | выпускник |
| graduate from | заканчивать вуз |
| hard | трудный |
| harvest | убирать урожай |
| include | включать |
| innocent | невиновный |
| intellectual digestion | интеллектуальное усвоение |
| keep traditions | сохранять традиции |
| last | длиться, продолжаться |
| leading | ведущий |
| leave | оставлять, заканчивать |
| Master | магистр |
| mayor | мэр |
| medieval times | средневековье |
| move | двигаться, перемещаться |
| postgraduate | изучаемый после окончания университета |
| prepare | готовить, подготавливать |
| preserve | хранить, сохранять |
| private | личный, индивидуальный |
| prominent | известный, выдающийся |
| provide | обеспечивать |
| quality | качество |
| reach | достигать |
| relic | след, остаток |
| research | исследование |
| rowing | гребля |
| scholar | уст. ученик |
| scholarship | обучение |
| society | общество |
| support | поддерживать |
| term | семестр |
| townsfolk | горожане, местные жители |
| trouble | затруднение, проблема |
| tutorial | консультация, встреча студента со своим руководителем-наставником |
| tutorial system | университетская система прикрепления студентов к отдельным консультантам, наставникам |
| undergraduate | студент |
| vice chancellor | глава университета |
| vocations | каникулы |
| yield | урожай |
| Phrasal verbs: | |
| bring together | объединять |
| carry out | проводить |
| go back | возвращаться, уходить в прошлое |
| join in | вступать, присоединяться |
| join together | объединяться |
| make up | составлять |
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