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ВАРИАНТ 2. Mikhail Lomonosov. 1. It is expected that this system can measure the speed of light.
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ВАРИАНТ 2
Задание 1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, принимая во внимание различные функции слов it, that, one.
1. It is expected that this system can measure the speed of light.
2. It is in the field of communication that the laser will find its most extensive application in future.
3. One should know that the electric cell is a device that transforms chemical energy into electrical.
Задание 2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными.
1. Students carry out their laboratory tests in modern laboratories.
2. The current capacity of a cell depends on the size of the electrodes.
Задание 3. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое, его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. A simple thermionic tube is called a diode.
2. Many problems of communication will be discussed at our conference.
Задание 4. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните причастие, определите его форму, функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Passing through the metal electrons collide with many ions.
2. The figures mentioned in his report were published in the latest scientific journal.
Задание 5. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните герундий, определите его функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Changing sun light directly into electrical energy involves the use photovoltaic or solar cells.
2. Heating the wire results in establishing a momentary magnetic field.
Задание 6. Перепишите предложения, определите, является ли инфинитив подлежащим или обстоятельством цели, переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. To send information from transmitter to receiver the carrier wave should be modulated.
2. To modulate a carrier wave means to vary it by the modulating signal.
Задание 7. Прочтите и устно переведите текст, затем перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2 и 3й абзацы текста.
Mikhail Lomonosov
1. We know Lomonosov as one of the greatest men of science1. He has also played an outstanding part2 in promoting learning3 in Russia. Thousands of students are studying at the Moscow University opened in 1755 thanks to his efforts.
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2. Lomonosov was born in 1711 and died in 1765 at the age of 54. But even a brief review of what he accomplished in science is impressive.
3. In chemistry he formulated the Law of Conservation of Matter long before Lavoisoier4. Lomonosov may also regarded as father5 of physical chemistry. In physics Lomonosov accomplished a great deal6. He was the first to explain thermal phenomena in terms of 7 the atomic and molecular theory. At the same time as Franklin he demonstrated the electric nature of lightning and invented the lightning rod.
4. Outstanding discoveries were made by Lomonosov in astronomy. He detected the atmosphere of Venus and described the substance of comet tails. On geology Lomonosov’s famous treatise8 concerning the strata of the Earth became a starting point for geo-chemistry, a science that appeared one hundred years later.
5. Lomonosov understood science not only as description of phenomena but also as their explanation. He believed that scientist should study not bodies in themselves but their internal structure, the causes of that structure and the forces operating inside it.
6. Lomonosov gave all his energy to the promotion of Russian science. In 1748, after a struggle of many years, he organized the first Russian chemical laboratory. Two centuries have passed but only now Lomonosov’s dreams of Russia’s scientific glory have come true9.
Пояснения к тексту:
1. men of science – учёные
2. part – роль
3. in promoting learning – в развитии науки
4. Lavoisoier – Лавуазье
5. father – здесь основатель
6. a great deal – много
7. in terms of – с точки зрения
8. treatise – трактат
9. come true – осуществляться
Задание 8. Выпишите из текста предложения, содержащие наиболее полный ответ на поставленный вопрос.
What did Lomonosov think about the task of a scientist?
ВАРИАНТ 3
Задание 1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, принимая во внимание различные функции слов it, that, one.
1. It is clear that these diagrams are alike.
2. It is this method that will lead to a successful results.
3. One can easily solve a difficult problem using a computer.
Задание 2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными.
1. The microphone is a special kind of telephone transmitter.
2. Ultra-violet radiation produces ionization.
Задание 3. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое, его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Computers are widely used in many branches of sciences and industry.
2. The general nature of electromagnetic waves has been established by the British physicist Maxwell.
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Задание 4. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните причастие, определите его форму, функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Both electrodes are enclosed in a highly evacuated envelope of glass or metal.
2. A new system currently examined with aim of producing electrical energy from sunlight is very important.
Задание 5. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните герундий, определите его функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Vacuum tubes can be used for getting high-frequency oscillations.
2. The important problem is a source of moving charged particles.
Задание 6. Перепишите предложения, определите, является ли инфинитив подлежащим или обстоятельством цели, переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. To improve the system operation took a lot of time.
2. To control noise in the receiver special filters were used.
Задание 7. Прочтите и устно переведите текст, затем перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2 и 4-й абзацы текста.
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