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Упражнения. 1. Personal celebrations (birthdays, wedding anniversaries, etc.) National holidays and celebrations. Religious festivals.
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Упражнения
1. Personal celebrations (birthdays, wedding anniversaries, etc. ) National holidays and celebrations. Religious festivals.
Впишите в таблицу праздники, которые вы отмечаете в каждом месяце, например my birthday, Christmas day, St Patricks day, May day, my wedding 
anniversary.
2. Вставьте по смыслу слова в текст.
American Independence Day Halloween Valentine's Day
Special Days
In this week's magazine we take a look at three 'Special Days'. These are holidays that are important in lots of different countries popular around the world and is always on February 14th. It is a day for lovers and you send flowers and a card to the person you love.
In some countries people celebrate the Day of the Dead, but now people often celebrate____, I think it's because lots of people know about it because of films from the USA. People celebrate it on October 31st. Children wear witches clothes and play 'trick or treat' and eat lots of sweets or candy.
_____is a very special day in the USA. Everybody knows the date and the name and date of the holiday is July 4th. Friends and family usually have a meal together and watch fireworks.
3. 4. RUSSIAN TRADITIONS
Основные тексты для чтения и понимания
Текст 1
Russian Holidays
Прочитайте и переведите текст.
The Russian love for holidays is known the world over.
Russian holidays present a mixture of new and old, religious and secular, professional and private. National holidays reflect multicolored Russian history. Christian traditions were combined with pagan ones and therefore strongly connected to the seasons and agricultural cycle. Church holidays were mixed with those introduced during the communist regime. When a national holiday falls on a weekend day people enjoy additional day-off because it is considered to be unfair to miss either a holiday or a weekend. Here is an outline of the major holidays.
January 1 - The New Year
The New Year is the first in calendar and in popularity. It will be true to say that now the New Year is a greater holiday than Christmas in Russia. Long before December 31 sparkling fir trees appear in the streets, shops, offices and houses, bringing the joy of festive preparations and hope for happy miracles in the coming New Year. It is time to make wishes and presents to all friends and relatives. Children are looking forward for Father Frost (actually he is Grandfather Frost - Ded Moroz in Russian) and his granddaughter Snow Maiden (Snegurochka) to arrive at night and leave presents under the fir-tree. The grown-ups traditionally stay up for the whole night, making merry with friends and relatives.
The New Year celebrations slip to Christmas festivities and go on till January 8 - all these days from December 31 to January 8 are official days off now.
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January 7 – Christmas
Russian Christmas comes two weeks later than in other countries, on January 7. This difference is due to the Orthodox Church that follows the Julian (old style) calendar. However, our 'spacious soul' cannot but feel with the rest of the world celebrating this fairy holiday on December
Christmas came to Russia in X century to substitute for pagan festivities of the winter solstice. Traditionally, people celebrated the Christmas Eve (January 6) with their families. The next day, however, carousing and merrymaking started, including masqueraded visits to neighbors with song singing, round-dancing and playing traditional games. Russian Christmas is rich with beautiful traditions. One of them is called Kolyadki. At Christmas night young people put on fancy dresses, gather in a noisy crowd and go in every house on their way, singing carols and merry songs. Hosts of the houses thank singers with all the kinds of sweat stuff like candies, chocolates and pastry. Among other Christmas traditions are wishes of wealth and happiness for everybody and snowball games.
It was a custom for young ladies to tell fortune on these days; lots of fortunetelling methods have kept till days - yet they are not so widely used, of course. In Soviet times they abolished Christmas as an official holiday. In spite of that, it was still secretly celebrated by many people.
January 14 - The Old New Year's Day
Sounds strange, doesn't it? For Russia it is quite OK.
Discrepancy between church calendars leads to the fact that January 14th corresponds to January 1 in the Julian calendar. And for those people who celebrate Christmas on 7 of January it is logical to meet the New Year seven days later. Others prefer not to lose a good chance to welcome the New Year twice.
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