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Прочитайте текст и переведите на русский язык.
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К указанным словам подберите синонимы и переведите на русский язык.
| law | court |
| create | head (n) |
| order (n) | state (n) |
| regulation | rule (n) |
| power | legal |
К указанным словам подберите антонимы и переведите на русский язык.
| law | protest |
| power | rule (n) |
| public | legal |
| regulate | large |
| modern | many |
4. Ответьте на вопросы.
1) What is administrative law?
2) Is there any universally accepted definition of administrative law?
3) What may this concept be compared with?
4) What are generally regarded as matters of constitutional law?
5) Of administrative law?
Вставьте пропущенные предлоги.
Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think... the risk she was taking when she ran... a forest after two men. They had rushed up... her while she was having a picnic at the edge... a forest with her children and tried to steal her handbag. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running... the trees. Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran... them. She was soon out... breath, but she continued to run. When she caught up... them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents... the bag, so she ran straight at them. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran.... «The strap needs mending», said Mrs. Sterling later, «but they didn't steal anything».
Заполните пропуски соответствующими предлогами пользуясь выражениями из текста.
| because … | to be proposed … |
| derive … | … addition |
| to compare … | … general |
| to compare … | … instance |
| to apply … | to deal … |
Переведите предложения на английский язык используя видовременные формы глагола в активном или пассивном залоге.
1. Свидетелей обвинения ждут в зале суда.
2. Обвиняемый сейчас отвечает на вопросы судьи.
3. Присяжные слушают показания свидетеля.
4. Магистраты (magistrates) обсуждали детали дела, когда секретарь суда (clerc) вошел в судебную комнату.
5. Завтра в 2 часа у нас будет занятие по уголовному праву.
6. Я буду ждать тебя завтра в 5 часов.
7. Где судебный секретарь? – Он консультирует магистров по правовым вопросам.
8. Присяжные все еще обсуждают вердикт.
9. Эти законопроекты обсуждались вчера в парламенте.
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10. Адвокат просматривал почту, когда раздался звонок.
8. Переведите в косвенную речь следующие предложения:
1. He said: “The investigator has collected evidence on the case.”
2. He said: “The trade delegation will have finished its work by the end of the week by signing a new treaty.”
3. He said: “The state and public organizations had discussed the Draft of the new Constitution before it became the law.”
4. He said: “He became a good investigator after many serious crimes had been examined by him.”
5. He said: “The head of the delegation will have been appointed by the time when all the preparatory work is done.”
6. He said: “His nomination will have been approved by the end of the week.”
7. He said: “If you come to the court late in the afternoon the judge will have declared his decision.”
Поставьте глагол в скобках в Passive или Active Voice и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The man (to arrest) by the police, but now they (to release) him.
2. The verdict (to pass) by the jury and the sentence (to pass) by the judge.
3. His appeal (to reject) by the higher court last week.
4. The unlawful decision (to appeal) against by the procurator last week.
5. A group of police officers (to investigat) a serious crime now.
6. The procurator (to prepare) to speak on the case tried by the Regional Court.
7. This case of murder (to be) investigated now.
8. The case (to be) prepared for trial when the investigator (to give) some new important evidence.
Переведите следующие предложения в Active Voice.
1. All the questions must be answered.
2. The door has been left open.
3. Betty was met at the station.
4. The girl was not allowed to go to the concert.
5. The roast chicken was eaten with appetite.
6. It was so dark, that the houses could not be seen.
Составьте 5 типов вопросов по тексту.
Разделите текст на несколько логических частей и озаглавьте их.
Вариант III
Criminal law
Criminal law is the body of law that defines criminal offenses, regulates the apprehension, charging, and trial of suspected persons, and fixes penalties and modes of treatment applicable to convicted offenders.
Criminal law is only one of the devices by which organized societies protect the security of individual interests and assure the survival of the group. There are, in addition, the standards of conduct instilled by family, school, and religion; the rules of the office and factory; the regulations of civil life enforced by ordinary police powers; and the sanctions available through tort actions. The distinction between criminal law and tort \ law is difficult to draw with real precision, but in general one may say that a tort is a private injury while a crime is conceived as an offense against the public, although the actual victim may be an individual.
The traditional approach to criminal law has been that crime is an act that is morally wrong. The purpose of criminal sanctions was to make the offender give retribution for harm done and expiate his moral guilt;punishment was to be meted out in proportion to the guilt of the accused. In modern times more rationalistic and pragmatic views have predominated.
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With the development of the social sciences, there arose new concepts, such as those of the protection of the public and the reform of the offender;
In the United States, a Model Penal Code proposed by the American Law Institute in 1962 states that an objective of criminal law should be «to give fair warning of the nature of the conduct declared to constitute an offense» and «to promote the correction and rehabilitation of offenders.» Since that time there has been renewed interest in the concept of general prevention, including both the deterrence of possible offenders and the stabilization and strengthening of social norms.
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