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Block II. Video. Block III: Project work. Translation unites nations. The profession of a translator. Block I. Vocabulary
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Block II. Video
Task 1. Watch the video https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=uYXyYFzP4Lc and fill in the blanks:
Our climate is changing. It is changing in ways that threaten our economy, our security and our health. This isn’t opinion, it’s fact 1)…………………. up by decades of carefully collected data and overwhelming scientific consensus and it has serious implications for the way we live now. We can see it and we can feel it: hotter summers, 2)............................................................................., extreme weather events like stronger storms, 3)............................................................................. and longer wildfire seasons. All disasters that are becoming more frequent, more expensive and more dangerous. Our own family has experienced it too. Over the past three decades, 4)………………………………………... have more than doubled. As temperatures keep warming and 5)……………………rates gets worse, those Americans will be at even greater risk of landing in the hospital. Climate change is not a problem for another generation. Not anymore.
That is why on Monday, my administration will release the final version of America’s 6)…………………………………………... plan. The biggest, most important step we have ever taken to 7)………………………………………... climate change. 8)…………………………………………………. are the single biggest source of the harmful carbon pollution that contributes to climate change, but until now there have been no federal limits to the amount of that pollution those plants can dump into the air. Think about that. We limit the amount of 9)……………………………………. chemicals like Mercury and sulfur and arsenic in our air and water and we are better off for it, but existing power plants can still 10)…………………………………... unlimited amounts of harmful carbon pollution into the air we breathe.
For the sake of our kids, for the health and safety of all Americans-that’s about to change. We’ve been working with states and 11)…………………………………………………. to make sure they’ve got the flexibility they need to cut this pollution, all while lowering energy 12)……………………….., ensuring reliable service and paving the way for new job-creating innovations that help America lead the world.
If you believe like I do, that we can’t condemn our kids to a planet that’s beyond fixing. Then I am asking you to share this message with your friends and family. Push your own communities to adopt smarter, more 13)………………………………... practices. Remind everyone that represents you that protecting the world we leave to our children is a prerequisite for your vote. Join us. We can do this. It is time for America and the world to act on climate change.
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Task 2. Answer the questions:
1) What are the factors that influence our climate change?
2) What environmental issue are people concerned about? Why?
3) ‘Climate change is the most serious threat to our planet at the moment’, isn`t it?
4) ‘Can normal people do much to stop global warming’?
5) What is the biggest environmental problem in Russia? How can we solve this problem?
Block III: Project work
In groups imagine that you are a new charity and that you have a budget on 10 million pounds to spend, what would you do with the money?
- Name of the charity….
- Aim of your charity….
- Distribution of your budget….
- What would you do first….
- How would you spend the money…
- Which country would you help and why….
Examples (charities around the world):
Oxfam is British based organisation that works in 92 countries and its main focus is poverty, food, sanitaion and womes rights. Last year year this charity raised a staggering 14. 5 million people in 57 countries, 5, 700, 000 people were given acess to clean water and 760, 000 people helped grow more food. Money is raised with campaigns, festivals, schools and donating clothes.
Book Aid International increases access to books and supports literacy, education and development in sub-Saharan Africa. We provided 516, 138 new books to over 2, 000 libraries last year alone and have sent more than 30 million books to partner libraries since 1954.
Mé decins Sans Frontiè res was founded in Paris is 1971 (MSF). It`s an international, independent, medical humanitarian organisation that delivers emergency aid to people affected by armed conflict, epidemics, natural disasters and exclusion from healthcare. MSF offers assistance to people based on need, irrespective of race, religion, gender or political affiliation.
Lesson 3
Translation unites nations. The profession of a translator
Block I. Vocabulary
Task 1. Read the text and translate the words and phrases in bold into Russian:
Myths and facts: “The best way to learn a foreign language is to go to a foreign country”
A lot of people seem to think that being in a foreign country means that you automatically learn the country’s language well. Perhaps the most standing out people who believe in this “ common-sense truth” are European parents who pay a lot of money to send their children to language schools in England, expecting that they will come back speaking fluent English.
Fact:
Most immigrants in America don’t speak English very well, even after living there for 20 years. Many of them have been making the same basic mistakes for decades — for example, saying things like “He make tea? ” instead of “Did he make tea? ” or “I help you” instead of “I will help you”.
In addition, being in a foreign country often forces you to say incorrect sentences, because it forces you to speak, even if you make a lot of mistakes.
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By making mistakes, you strengthen your bad habits, and after a couple of years of saying things like “He make tea? ”, it’s really hard to start speaking correctly. It is important to remember that native speakers will not correct your mistakes. Instead, they will try to be nice and try to understand you, no matter how bad your grammar is.
The advantages of going abroad are:
- easy access to native speakers that you can speak with
- the opportunity to perfect your listening skills
- the opportunity to learn useful everyday words which are not frequently heard on TV or in movies, e. g. Kleenex, ATM, carpool, parking space, deli, cereal.
All things considered, learning in your own country will be a safer (and cheaper) option than going abroad, assuming you can motivate yourself and can find opportunities to speak in the language you’re learning. After you’ve learned to speak the language fluently, you can go abroad to polish your listening skills and make your vocabulary a bit more native-like.
A new study shows that we could learn vocabulary while we are sleeping. This is great news for students struggling to learn a new language. It is also good for anyone who is trying to expand their knowledge of words. Researchers from the University of Bern in Switzerland have shown that it is possible to learn new information while we are sleeping deeply, and then recall this information when we need it after we wake up. This new information includes foreign language vocabulary. The researchers conducted tests on whether or not a person can remember new words and their translations while they were asleep. They said our sleeping brain is much more aware of the outside world than we thought.
Researcher Marc Zü st said, " language areas of the brain and the hippocampus - the brain's essential memory hub - were activated" after a person woke up. He said these areas of the brain allow us to remember vocabulary during deep sleep. The researchers said that during deep sleep, our brain cells are active for a short period of time - about half a second. The cells then enter into a period of inactivity - again, about half a second. The active state is called " up-state" and the inactive state is called " down-state. " The " up-state" period is the time when our brain could learn new vocabulary. The researchers say more research is needed to be 100 per cent sure that we can learn vocabulary while asleep.
Task 2. Answer the questions:
- In which country do the researchers work?
- When did researchers say we recall information learnt while we sleep?
- What did researchers say they tested besides new words?
- What did the researchers say the sleeping brain was more aware of?
- What is the hippocampus? How long is each period of brain activity and inactivity?
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