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29. Choose the suitable heading from the list of headings (1–9) for the paragraphs (A–H). Explain your choice.
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29. Choose the suitable heading from the list of headings (1–9) for the paragraphs (A–H). Explain your choice.
1. Returning the city to the people
2. Speed to offset loss of car ownership
3. Automation to replace existing roads
4. A safe and cheap alternative
5. The monorail system
6. Inter-city freeways
7. Doing the sums
8. The complete answer to the traffic problem
9. Cleaner and more efficient
30. Do the following statements agree with the claims of the text writer? There are three possible options (TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVEN). Choose one option. Discuss your opinions with your groupmates.
YES — if the statement agrees with the views of the writer;
NO — if the statement contradicts the views of the writer;
NOT GIVEN — if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this.
1. The combustion engine was designed over 100 years ago.
2. The increased speed of traffic in a Beam-Operated Traffic System is due to electric motors being 90% efficient.
3. Beamed traffic will travel through tunnels costing less to build than subway tunnels.
4. A possible solution to willful damage to the System is to install camera equipment.
31. Choose a scientific article in English concerning your own field of science from any valid information source (10 000 printed characters) and prepare its oral translation into Russian.
32. Search the Internet and go to the libraries to find scientific and technical articles on the topics of Module 4. Analyze the gathered material, then prepare a 10-minute report on the chosen topic. Give a Power Point presentation in the group (see Appendix 1).
MODULE TEST 4
Variant 1
1. Choose the correct verb form: conditionals.
1. Most of these devices fulfil user expectations, otherwise users would stop / would have stoppedbuying them years ago. 2. If the government had not changed its tax rate, unemployment will go / would go / would have goneup again, and the state will lose / would lose / would have lostanother $5 million in tax revenues. 3. Should we all help street beggars? Will / Wouldwe be happier? Will / Wouldthe planet be a better place? This paper investigates the risks and bene fits of donating to street beggars. 4. We investigated both men and women. We hypothesized that men will perceive / would perceive / would have perceivedwork colleagues to be the most important relations, whereas women will perceive / would perceive / would have perceivedfriends from outside work as having more importance. 5. Contrary to the literature, the climate change projections outlined in this paper will cause / would cause / would have causeda large reduction in temperatures in polar regions.
2. Choose the correct verb form: all forms.
Three red flags (1) are / wereidentified that indicate that the time to leave for a woman to leave her man has come. These red flags (2) are / were: five burps per day, two channel-zapping sessions per day, and five games on the Playstation with friends per week. A large number of women (3) have / had doubts about the right moment for leaving their partner. Often women (4) wait / waitedin hope for a change in their partner’s habits. One hundred couples (5) are / wereanalyzed, recording their daily life for six months. Women (6) are / wereprovided with a form to mark the moments of annoyance recorded during the day. Burps, channel-zapping sessions and games on the Playstation with friends (7) have produced / produced the highest index of annoyance. The probability of eliminating these habits (8) is / wasfound to significantly low when the three red flags (9) have been / had beenoperative for more than three months. Thus, these numbers (10) provide / provideda good indication of when the time to leave him has come.
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3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the list.
graded, unique, successor, denied, paradigm, innovative, confirmed, released, equipped, aid
1. Everest was not _______ as the highest mountain peak on Earth until 1863. 2. A black bear was captured in the city and later _______ in a forested area about 100 miles from here. 3. The apples have been _______ according to size, color and taste. 4. In many developing countries, girls are marginalized and disadvantaged, and are _______ access to a quality education. 5. Seat belts are necessary even if your car is _______ with airbags. 6. The new _______ for a successful business is to encourage more input from the workers. 7. Boris Yeltsin prepared Vladimir Putin to be his _______ as the leader of Russia. 8. Benetton’s _______ advertising techniques brought them a great deal of attention, both positive and negative. 9. While penguins cannot fly, they do flap their wings under water to _______ in swimming. 10. The meanings of _______ symbols, rituals, and institutions can be difficult to explain to different cultures.
4. Read the text and answer the questions below it.
Trash Talk: Price of Recyclables Sinks After China Bans U. S. Scrap
Some U. S. manufacturers are turning trash into treasure after a Chinese ban on imported waste flooded American scrapyards with paper and plastic. The import ban, announced in July, sent global prices for waste paper and plastic into a tailspin. Without access to their Chinese customers, U. S. waste and recycling firms are scrambling to find new buyers for the scrap they collect from curbside bins. But companies that use recycled materials to make things like cardboard, plastic bins, yarn and other goods are taking advantage.
“America has an endless supply of waste and it just got more endless, ” said Anthony Pratt, executive chairman of Pratt Industries, which uses 100% recycled material in its U. S. facilities to make boxes for Amazon. com Inc. as well as firms ranging from major manufacturers to pizza joints. Plunging scrap prices are also driving new demand for recycled materials, which usually have to compete with growing supplies of new plastic resin made cheaply from shale oil by U. S. plants.
On Wednesday, Target Corp., Procter & Gamble Co., Keurig Green Mountain Inc., Campbell Soup Co., Coca-Cola Co’s North America business and others agreed to require suppliers of industrial plastic items like crates and trash bins to use more “post-consumer” material.
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Not all of those companies signed on because of China’s ban, but falling scrap prices have made the requirement an easier pitch, said Dylan de Thomas with The Recycling Partnership, which organized the pledge. “It’s the definite silver lining of this scrap ban, ” he said. For environmentally conscious firms like Unifi Inc., which manufactures yarn and packaging from recycled plastic bottles, China’s new rules help keep down production costs. “By having more supply, we expect the upward price pressure [on recycled material] will be mitigated, ” said Eddie Ingle, Unifi’s vice president of supply chain.
Over two-thirds of America’s wastepaper exports and more than 40% of its discarded-plastic exports ended up in China last year. Paper and plastic scrap exports to mainland China topped $2. 2 billion. China told the World Trade Organization that it wants to limit the entry of “foreign waste. ” Under new rules, China by year-end would ban imports of used plastics and restrict some paper-scrap imports.
U. S. buyers can’t replace lost Chinese demand, said Bill Moore of Moore & Associates, a paper-industry consulting firm. It could take a while to build the domestic capacity needed to process our abundant scrap into new products, he said.
If China stands by its proposed restrictions, U. S. recycling businesses will need to invest in machinery to more stringently sort the waste they collect, said Bob Cappadona of Casella Recycling LLC, a waste-services company based in the Northeast. And it also means households will have to do a better job of sorting items headed for recycling, he added. Waste collectors say they are seeking out new scrap customers in other parts of Asia and Latin America. Still, they say China’s purchasing power is needed in the global market. If recyclers can’t find new markets, or places to store the scrap they collect, some waste could end up in a landfill, Mr. Moore said. “That’s the ultimate disaster - you don’t want to lose people’s enthusiasm for doing recycling, ” he said.
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