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Ex. 6. Translate into English using modal verbs.
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1. Ты умеешь печатать? 2. — Можно взять твой учебник? — Нет, мне он нужен. Я завтра должна делать доклад. 3. Погода изменилась, и нам пришлось вернуться из отпуска раньше. 4. Какое счастье, что завтра воскресенье, не надо рано вставать. 5. Вам необходимо выступить на собрании. Кто-то должен высказать нашу точку зрения. 6. — Нам надо сдавать сочинение сегодня? — Необязательно. Но если оно готово, можете сдать его сегодня. 7. Неужели уже 7 часов? Еще светло. 8. Детям не следует смотреть ночные телепрограммы. 9. Может быть, я ошибаюсь, но мне кажется, это он. 10. Должно быть, очень трудно быть учителем. 11. — Где Коля? — Он, наверное, ждет нас на остановке 12. Самолеты не летают, мы должны будем остаться здесь до лета. 13. Тебе следует научиться готовить самому. 14. Придется встать очень рано, чтобы успеть на поезд. 15. Я должна была подготовить доклад к следующему дню.
CONDITIONAL SENTESES OF THREE TYPES.
Условные предложения. Типы уловных предложений
| Тип 1 | Придаточное предложение | Главное предложение |
| Относится к ситуации, которая может или не может произойти в будущем или настоящем (соответствует в русском языке условным предложениям с глаголом в изъявительном наклонении). | Present simple, Present continuous, Present perfect, Present perfect continuous, modals: can, must, should + main verb If I have any free time, Если у меня будет свободное время, | Will, can, should, might + main verb I will phone you. я тебе позвоню. |
| Тип 2 | Придаточное предложение | Главное предложение |
| Условные предложения II типа выражают невероятные или маловероятные предположения в настоящем, либо будущем времени. | Past simple, Past continuous, Modals: could, had to + main verb If I hadany free time, Если бы у меня было время (сейчас), | Would, could, might, should+ main verb I would phone you. Я бы позвонил тебе. |
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Note! Мы используем were вместо was для всех лиц в придаточных предложениях второго типа.
If I were you, I would live in a house.
На твоем месте, я бы жил в доме.
| Тип 3 | Придаточное предложение | Главное предложение |
| Условные предложения III типа выражают предположения, относящиеся к прошлому времени и являются, поэтому невыполнимыми, нереальными. | Past perfect, Past perfect continuous If I had had free time yesterday, Если бы вчера у меня было время, | Would, could, might, should + perfect infinitive I would have phoned you. я бы позвонил тебе. |
Смешанные типы условных предложений.
| Придаточное предложение | Главное предложение |
| If the law had passed last year, (Type 3) Если бы закон прошел в прошлом году, (предположение относится к прошлому) | the economy would be in a better state now. (Type 2) экономика была бы в лучшем состоянии сейчас. (предположение относится к настоящему) |
| If I were you, (Type 2) Если бы я был на твоем месте, (предположение относится к настоящему) | I would have forgiven her long ago. (Type 3) я бы простила бы ее давным-давно. (предположение относится к прошлому) |
| Even if nobody wanted it, (Type 2) Даже если бы никто этого не пожелал, | the sun will rise. (Type1) солнце все равно взойдет. |
Ex. 1. Explain the usage of the tense forms in the following conditional sentences. Define the type of the conditional sentence.
1. He walked around the city aimlessly for the rest of the morning, looking into shop windows and thinking of the things he would buy if he had money.
2. If I remind you in a month from now of things you are saying tonight you will laugh.
3. If he knew he would have told me. I’m sure he knows nothing.
4. It was so dark that he would have lost his way if she had not taken him by the hand.
5. “Do you think it’s important?” “Yes, I do. If I didn’t I wouldn’t be here”.
6. Would you do it differently if you had to do it over again?
7. I think it would be a good thing if you would come and stay at my house for a little while.
Ex. 2. Open the brackets, using the verbs in the necessary tense for conditional sentences type I.
1. I’ll look for your notebook and if I (to find) it I (to give) you a ring.
1. If you (to see) Tom tell him I have a message for him.
2. If you’d like some ice I (to get) some from the fridge.
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3. I shan’t wake if the alarm (not to go) off.
4. If it (to freeze) tonight, the roads (to be) very slippery tomorrow.
5. If you (not to take) the book back to the library tomorrow you (to have) to pay a fine.
6. If you (to like) I (get) you a job in this company.
7. You can use my phone if yours (not to work).
8. If Jack (to refuse) to help we’ll have to manage without him.
9. If you (to hear) from Tom can you please let me know?
10. If he (to pay) me tonight I (to have) enough money for the tickets.
11. If I (to pass) this exam I (to go) to the university next October.
Ex. 3. Open the brackets, using the verbs in the necessary tense for conditional sentences type II.
1. If I (to have) any experience in this field, I (to give) you advice.
2. If I (to have) a fever, I (to take) a medicine.
3. I he (to be) hungry, he (to go) to a restaurant.
4. If I (to remember) my colleague’s telephone number, I (to congratulate) him on his birthday.
5. If this man (not to be) so nervous, he (to be) a success.
6. If this suit (not to be) dirty, he (to put) it on.
7. If you (to give) me a hint, I (to understand) you at once.
8. If this idea (to have) advantages, we (to consider) it.
9. If his character (not to be) so uneasy, he (to have) much more friends.
10. If these conditions (to suit) me, I (to agree) on them.
11. If my dream (to come true) one day, I (to be) very happy.
Ex. 4. Open the brackets, using the verbs in the necessary tense for conditional sentences type III.
1. If we (to share) one room at a hotel during our holiday, we (to get to know) each other better.
2. If you (to accompany) me to the concert, you (to enjoy) the wonderful music.
3. If we (to solve) that problem in time, we (not to be involved) in such a situation.
4. If he (to treat) his wife in a right way, she (not to leave) him.
5. If he (to develop) his talent for music, he (to become) a real pianist.
6. If her doctor (to prescribe) that medicine to her, she (to take) it.
7. If my friend (keep) my secret, nobody (to speak) about it.
8. If our neighbor (not to fail) at his last exam, he (to enter) the university.
9. If those people (to refuse) to help me at once, I (to find) another way out.
10. If I (to reach) my business partner on the phone, we (to appoint) a meeting for today.
11. If I (to allow) to take part in that discussion, I (to tell) my opinion.
Ex. 5. Open the brackets using the verbs in a necessary tense form.
1. I (to wait) if I (to be) you.
2. She (to fall) if he suddenly (not to put) out a hand to steady her.
3. If your father (to be) here, he (to give) you a piece of his mind.
4. I do not know what (to happen) if this (to go) on much longer.
5. Don’t you see that if things like that (to happen) life (to be) quite different?
6. I believe you (to make) her stay if it (to be) not so late.
7. I (to be) grateful if you (to keep) the news to yourself.
8. Many people ask themselves: “What I (to do) differently if I (to have) another chance?”
9. The situation has been bad lately, but everything (to calm) down if you only (to stop) making a fuss.
10. It (to be) awkward if she (to refuse) to co-operate.
11. What his mother (to think) if she (to hear) of what he has done?
12. If the situation (not to change) by Saturday I (to be) in trouble.
13. I (not to be) surprised if he (to offer) an important post under the new government.
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