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Страдательный залог. Согласование времен.
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PART 3
UNIT 6
Модальные глаголы и их заменители
Exercise 1. Сопоставьте модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты (заместители):
can - _____________________________ to have to do smth
may - ____________________________ to be able to do smth
must - ____________________________ to be allowed to do smth
Exercise 2. Переведите на русский язык:
1. Her grandmother can knit very well. _______________________________
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2. I can answer the question. _______________________________________
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3. This trip is too expensive for me. I can’t afford it. ____________________
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4. She can type. She can speak well on the telephone. She hopes she can find the job she’s looking for. ________________________________________
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5. Can you go to have lunch with me? – I’m sorry. I can’t. ________________
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6. Mike can run very fast. __________________________________________
7. They can understand French. _____________________________________
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8. My brother can come and help you in the garden. ____________________
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9. The children cannot carry this box: it is too heavy. ___________________
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10. Can you wait till tomorrow morning? – I can wait, but my toothache can’t._
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Exercise 3. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальный глагол can (could):
1. Я умею говорить по-английски. ____________________________________
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2. Моя сестра не умеет кататься на коньках. ____________________________
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3. Ты умеешь говорить по-французски. ________________________________
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4. Ты можешь переплыть эту реку? ___________________________________
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5. Ты умел плавать в прошлом году? __________________________________
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6. В прошлом году я не умел кататься на лыжах, а сейчас умею. ___________
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7. Вы не можете мне подсказать, как проехать до вокзала? ________________
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8. Не могли бы вы мне помочь? _______________________________________
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9. Я не могу перевести это предложение. _______________________________
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10. Никто не мог мне помочь. ________________________________________
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11. Где тут можно купить хлеб? _______________________________________
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12. Твоя бабушка умела танцевать, когда была молодая? – Да, она и сейчас умеет._____________________________________________________________
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13. Мой папа не умеет говорить по-немецки. ___________________________
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14. Я не могу выпить это молоко. _____________________________________
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15.Она не может вас понять. _________________________________________
Exercise 4. Выразите согласие. Следуйте примеру:
e.g. – Helen is a good pianist.
– You are right. She can play the piano well.
1. Jack is a good jumper. ______________________________________________
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2. My grandfather was a good swimmer. _________________________________
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3. In a year Robert will be a good skater. _________________________________
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4. Mr. Brown is a good singer. _________________________________________
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5. Had you time to do it yesterday? ______________________________________
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6. I will have enough time to read the book tomorrow. ______________________
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7. Miss Smith is a good painter. ________________________________________
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8. Last year our boss had a good typist. __________________________________
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9. I think we shall go to the theatre tonight. _______________________________
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10. My boy-friend is a good chess-player. ________________________________
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Exercise 5. Попросите разрешения и
а) согласитесь: e.g. – May I go out for a moment, please? – Yes, you may./Yes, please./Please, do./Certainly.
1.open the window __________________________________________________
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2.listen to the record _________________________________________________
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3. switch on the radio-set _____________________________________________
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4. go home _________________________________________________________
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5. borrow your pen __________________________________________________
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6. talk to you _______________________________________________________
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7. come in _________________________________________________________
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8. ask you a question _________________________________________________
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9. use your phone ___________________________________________________
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10. keep the book ____________________________________________________
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б) откажитесь: e.g. – May I smoke here? – Please, don’t./I’m afraid, not./No, you mustn’t.
1. use your car ______________________________________________________
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2. close the door _____________________________________________________
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3. borrow your umbrella ______________________________________________
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4. go out ___________________________________________________________
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5. switch on the TV-set _______________________________________________
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6. take your dictionary _______________________________________________
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7. cross the street now ________________________________________________
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8. buy an ice-cream __________________________________________________
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9. leave now ________________________________________________________
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10. take your exercise-book ___________________________________________
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Exercise 6. Употребите модальный глагол may, might или выражение to be allowed to do smth:
1. He _________ go home if he likes. 2. As soon as the boy ________________________ to leave the room, he smiled a happy smile and ran out. 3. The doctor says I’m much better. I ___________ get up for a few hours every day. 4. ___________ I bring my sister to the party? 5. He asked if he ____________ bring his sister to the party. 6. After they had finished their homework, the children _________________ to watch TV. 7. He ____________________ join the sports section as soon as he is through with his medical examination. 8. Becky’s mother said that everybody __________________ take part in the picnic. 9. If you pass your examinations, you _________________________ go to the South. 10. ____________ I borrow your car, please? 11. He asked if he _______________ borrow my car. 12. ___________ I have a look at your newspaper? 13. When I _____________________________ eat ice-cream? 14. Were you _________________________ go to the lake when you were small? 15. You _________________________ go for a walk when you have done your home task.
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Exercise 7. Переведите на русский язык:
1. Don’t worry! This is not important. – Not important! You must be joking! ____
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2. He never comes to work late! He must have overslept today. _______________
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3. You must not argue with the boss. ____________________________________
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4. She must stop eating much and she must lose weight. _____________________
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5. You must stop smoking! If you don’t, you are going to have serious problems with your lungs some day. ____________________________________________
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6. You must work hard at your English. __________________________________
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7. You must learn the words. ___________________________________________
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8. Must we learn the poem today? _______________________________________
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9. It must be difficult to learn Chinese. ___________________________________
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10. You must not talk at the lessons. _____________________________________
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11.Everybody must come to school in time. ______________________________
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12. Don’t ring him up: he must be very busy. ______________________________
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13. You must not make notes in the books. _______________________________
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14. I must help my mother today. _______________________________________
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15. Must you go tomorrow morning? ____________________________________
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UNIT 7
Страдательный залог. Согласование времен.
Exercise 1. Определите временную форму страдательного залога:
1. The girl was looked for everywhere. __________________________________
2. The boy wasn’t listened to. __________________________________________
3. The patients are looked after very well. ________________________________
4. My brother will be given English lessons._______________________________
5. I have been shown an interesting magazine. _____________________________
6. The letter is being typed. ____________________________________________
7. The work will have been done by Friday. ______________________________
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8. Ann’s teeth were being examined by a dentist at 9. _______________________
9. The work had been done by 11 o’clock yesterday. ________________________
10. The morning mail is delivered in time. ________________________________
Exercise 2. Передайте предложения в страдательном залоге:
1. He stole a lot of money from the shop._________________________________
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2. By 6 o’clock we had finished the work. ________________________________
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3. At 12 o clock the workers were loading the trucks. _______________________
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4. By 3 o’clock the workers had loaded the trucks. __________________________
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5. We send our daughter to rest to the South every year. _____________________
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6. They will show this film on TV. ______________________________________
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7. They are building a new concert hall in our street. ________________________
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8. I bought potatoes yesterday. _________________________________________
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9. They are repairing the clock now. _____________________________________
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10. We shall bring the books tomorrow. __________________________________
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11. They sell milk in this shop. _________________________________________
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12. I have translated the whole text. _____________________________________
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13. They broke the window last week. ___________________________________
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14. We shall do the work in the evening. _________________________________
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15. He wrote the book in the 19th century. ________________________________
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Exercise 3. Используя слова, данные в скобках, образуйте предложения в страдательном залоге. Следуйте образцу.
Model: (my sister / operate on / a distinguished surgeon) – My sister will be operated by a distinguished surgeon.
1. (a sound of piano / hear / in the hall) - _________________________________
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2. (he / praise / his father / hard work) - __________________________________
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3. (my mother / wake up / I / at 7 o’clock) - _______________________________
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4. (the letter / find / under the dictionary / on my desk) - ____________________
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5. (a week ago / this book / buy) - ______________________________________
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6. (the picture / a great artist / paint) - ____________________________________
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7. (the other day / the iron / break) - _____________________________________
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8. (tomorrow / the letter / send) - _______________________________________
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9. (now / the lecturer / ask / questions about Hemingway) - ___________________
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10. (she / show / the shortest way / to the station) - _________________________
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11. (just / bring / the telegram) - ________________________________________
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12. (live in / the house / never) - ________________________________________
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13. (my little son / break / my favourite cup) - _____________________________
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14. (the lecture / attentively / listen to) - __________________________________
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15. (the time table / to change / in a week) - _______________________________
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Exercise 4. Переведите с английского языка на русский:
1. Only English is spoken here. - _______________________________________
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2. A new school is being built in our street. - ______________________________
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3. He was laughed at when he put on his funny hat. - _______________________
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4. The new rule will be explained at the lesson tomorrow. - __________________
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5. The room was cleaned and aired. - ____________________________________
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6. A room people cook food in is called a kitchen. - _________________________
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7. Have all these books been read? - _____________________________________
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8. Who were the letters written by? - ____________________________________
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9. She showed me the picture which had been painted by her husband. - ________
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10. We were told to wait outside because a man was being questioned in the room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. All the questions must be answered in writing. - ________________________
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12. By 3 o’clock everything had been prepared. - __________________________
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13. The boy was punished for bad behaviour. - ____________________________
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14. Spartan children were taught to endure all hardships. - ___________________
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15. I cannot use my car because it is being repaired. - _______________________
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Exercise 5. Ответьте на вопросы по образцу:
Model: Where are all these magazines sent to? (abroad) – All these magazines (they) are sold abroad.
1. Where is English spoken? (all over the world) - _________________________
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2. When is the radio news listened to in your family? (every evening) - _________
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3. Where are Oriental languages taught? (at the University) - _________________
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4. Where are meals cooked? (in the kitchen) - _____________________________
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5. When are the examination-papers written? (at the end of each term) - ________
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6.When is television watched by the children? (during the children’s hour) - _____
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7. Where are milk, sour-cream and cottage cheese sold? (at the dairy’s) - ________
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8. Where is food kept fresh in summer? (in the fridge) - _____________________
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9. Where are books sold? (in the book-shop) - _____________________________
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10. What is the flat cleaned with? (with a vacuum-cleaner) - __________________
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11.Where are her children usually taken to in the morning? (to the nursery-school) - _________________________________________________________________
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12. Where is his car usually repaired? (at maintenance station) - _______________
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13. What are the stars and other planets looked at with? (with a telescope) - _____
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14. When will the matter be looked into? (at the meeting tomorrow) - __________
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15. Why was the ship lost sight of? (because of the thick fog) - _______________
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Exercise 6. Определите, предшествует ли действие придаточного дополнительного предложения главному (1), происходит одновременно с ним (2) или следует за ним (3).
1. He asked me what work I was doing and whether I intended to go to the University? ________ 2. She claimed that she had met Dick on her way home. ________ Dick had told her that I would probably come to his place later. ________ 3. Then I thought about Mother she would certainly ask me where I had been all day. 4. She said she would be staying in town next day to do some shopping. ________ 5. I asked a passer-by where the nearest post-office was. ________ 6. I don’t think that I shall ever work for your father. ________ 7. Out of the corner of my eye I saw the youths had stopped talking and were watching us. ________ 8. I hope you know what you are doing. ________ 9. In the hotel the waiter told me that an American had been staying there for three moths. ________ 10. It was also romoured that Dan had got married. ________
Exercise 7. Подчеркните правильную форму сказуемого из данных в скобках и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. He said that he (is staying / was staying) at the hotel “Moscow”. ____________
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2. They realized that they (lost / had lost) their way in the darkness. ____________
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3. He asked me where I (study / studied). _________________________________
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4. I thought that I (shall finish / should finish) my work at 10. ________________
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5. He said that he (works / worked) at the farm. ____________________________
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6. He says that he (worked / had worked) at the collective farm 2 years ago. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Michael said he (is / was) very busy. __________________________________
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8. My friend asked me who (is playing / was playing) the piano in the next room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. I said I (will come / would come) to the station to see him off. ______________
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10. I was sure that he (posted / had posted) the letter. _______________________
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11. She says that it (is / was) time for children to go to bed. __________________
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12. She said that the documents (are not / were not) ready, they (are still being typed / were still being typed). _________________________________________
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13. She asks how long it (will take / would take) her to get to the center of the city. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14. They said that they (couldn’t recognize / can’t recognize) Nick at once as he (has changed / had changed) so much. ___________________________________
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15. The man would like to know when the next train to Moscow (starts / would start). _____________________________________________________________
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Exercise 8. Соедините два предложения по образцу, соблюдая правило согласования времен.
Model: You will fall and break the vase. (I was afraid) – I was afraid that you would fall and break the vase.
1. My friends have never been to Copenhagen. (We knew it) _________________
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2. The baby refuses to drink milk. (The doctor was told) _____________________
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3. She is a talented singer. (We were told) ________________________________
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4. They live a happy life. (We realized) __________________________________
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5. The children went to the river. (She thought) ____________________________
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6. The friends will come to see her some day. (She hoped) ___________________
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7. The father will repair the TV-set. (He was sure) __________________________
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8. The students know this grammar material very well. (The teacher hoped) _____
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9. Our national football team will win the world championship. (The fans were sure) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. She doesn’t know this rule. (I found out) ______________________________
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11. They made no mistakes in the test work. (They were glad) ________________
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12. She works at her English hard. (We knew) _____________________________
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13. They will come to us soon. (My parents wrote in the letter) _______________
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14. My sister has received a very promising offer from a well-known firm. (I learnt) _____________________________________________________________
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15. He is writing a new book. (I heard) ___________________________________
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PART 3
UNIT 8
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