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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Topical vocabulary:
Geographical names of the UK
| the UK=the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Сев. Ирландии |
| island = isle [ail] | остров |
| The Irish sea | Ирландское море |
| The North sea | Северное море |
| The Atlantic ocean | Атлантический океан |
| Gulf Stream | Гольфстрим |
| the English channel (La Manche) | Английский канал (Ла-Манш) |
| the Straight of Dover = Pas de Calais | Дуврский пролив (Па-де-Кале) |
| The Thames | р. Темза |
| The Severn | р. Северн |
| Lough Neagh | оз. Лох-Ней |
| Loch Ness | оз. Лох-Несс |
Parts of the UK
| England | Scotland | Wales | Northern Ireland | |
| Capital | London | Edinburgh | Cardiff | Belfast |
| Symbol | Rose (роза) | Thistle (чертополох) | Daffodil (нарцисс) | Shamrock (клевер) |
| Patron Saint | St. George | St. Andrew | St. David | St. Patrick |
Surface
| mountain | гора |
| rock | утёс |
| cliff | скала |
| peak | пик, вершина |
| Ben Nevis – 1343m | г. Бен Невис |
| highland | возвышенность |
| lowland | низменность |
| meadow | луг |
Mineral resources
| coal | уголь |
| natural gas | природный газ |
| lead | свинец |
| iron ore | жел руда |
| oil | нефть |
| tin | олово |
| limestone | известняк |
| clay | глина |
| chalk | мел |
| gypsum | гипс |
| salt | соль |
Industry
| textile | текстильная пром-ть |
| machinery | машиностроение |
| chemicals | хим пром-ть |
| shipbuilding | судостроение |
Pre-reading exercises:
1. Read the following words and word combinations, translate into Russian:
1) Isle, island, Iceland, Ireland;
2)Ireland, Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
3) 244.000 sq.km;
4) the Irish sea;
5) population density;
6) cliffs and beaches;
7) m ou ntains - mount ai nous regions;
8) Gulf Stream;
9) i nfluence, i nfluence the climate;
10) mild; mild climate;
11) i ndustry - ind u strial, leading industry, industrial country, developed industrial country, a highly developed industrial country;
12) prod u cers and exp o rters;
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13) chemicals and textile;
14) machinery and electronics;
15) monarchy, monarch;
16) government, Parliament;
17) the Labour party, the Conservative party and the Liberal party.
2. Answer the questions:
1. What is the official name of the country?
2. What are the parts of the U.K.?
3. What waters wash the UK?
4. How much is the territory of Great Britain?
5. How much is the population of Great Britain?
6. What are the British rivers?
7. What are the types of industries in the U.K.?
8. Who is the head of the state? Who is the Prime Minister now?
Text
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. It consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
England, Wales and Scotland occupy the territory of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated in the Northern part of Ireland.
Great Britain is separated from the European continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover in the south and the North Sea in the east. Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic ocean on the western coast and by the Irish Sea, the latter separating England from Ireland. The territory of the United Kingdom is over 244,000 sq. km. The population is about 58 million people. The average population density is about 239 per sq. km. The capital of the United Kingdom is London.
The surface of the United Kingdom varies greatly. There are moors and mountains, lakes and rivers, forests and meadows, cliffs and beaches, woods and hills. The most mountainous regions are in Scotland and Wales, but the mountains are not very high. The rivers are not very long. The most important of them are the Severn and the Thames. There are many beautiful lakes in the mountainous part of the country.
The mountains, the Atlantic ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of the country. It is mild the whole year round. Winters are not cold and summers are not hot.
Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of iron and steel products, machinery and electronics, chemicals and textile. One of the leading industries is shipbuilding.
Great Britain is a country with old cultural customs and traditions. The most famous educational centres are Oxford and Cambridge universities. The education is not free, it is very expensive.
The United Kingdom is a monarchy and the Queen is the head of the state, but in practice it is ruled by the government with the Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. There are three main political parties: the Labour party, the Conservative party and the Liberal party.
Practical work № 2
I. Translate the following words and word combinations into Russian:
1) Ireland, Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
2) 244.000 sq.km;
3) the Irish sea;
4) moors and mountains;
5) population density;
6) cliffs and beaches;
7) mountainous regions;
8) Gulf Stream;
9) influence, influence the climate;
10) mild;
11) industrial country, developed industrial country, a highly developed industrial country; 12) producers and exporters;
13) chemicals and textile;
14) machinery and electronics;
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15) industry, leading industry;
16) a monarchy;
17) government, Parliament;
18) the Labour party, the Conservative party and the Liberal party.
II. Find English equivalents in the text:
1) гористая часть страны;
2) средняя плотность населения;
3) ведущая отрасль промышленности;
4) старинные обычаи и традиции;
5) глава государства;
6) леса и лужайки; скалы и пляжи;
7) высокоразвитое промышленное государство;
8) крупнейшие мировые экспортёры;
9) практически;
10) занимать территорию;
11) химическая и текстильная промышленность;
12) управляется правительством;
13) западное побережье;
14) круглый год;
15) известные образовательные центры.
III. Answer the questions:
1) What is the official name of the country?
2) What are the parts of the U.K.?
3) What is the U.K. washed by?
4) How much is the territory of Great Britain?
5) How much is the population of Great Britain?
6) How much is the average population density of Great Britain?
7) What is the surface of the U.K.?
8) What are the British rivers?
9) What is the climate like in Britain?
10) What are the main industries in the U.K.?
11) What is the leading industry?
12) What are famous educational centers? How much is the fee?
13) Who is the head of the state?
14) What is the legislative power in Britain?
15) What are the Parliament’s chambers?
16) What are the main political parties in Great Britain?
Thank you!
Criteria of marks:
45-49 points – “excellent”
36-44 points – “good”
24-35 points – “satisfactory”
23 points and less – “bad”
Post-reading exercises:
1. Listen and do the tasks:
| 1. Is it TRUE or FALSE? 1) The population of England is 49 million. 2) The Queen lives in Buckingham palace. 3) The population of London is 8 million. 4) York is famous for old castles. 5) Edinburgh is a birth place of W.Shakespeare. 6) York is famous for cathedrals. 7) Liverpool is a home of the Beatles. 8) Cambridge and Oxford are famous for bikes. 9) About 17% of the territory is a farmland. 10) Welsh people don’t speak English. | 2. Answer the questions: 1) How much is the population of N.Ireland? 2) What is the birth place of W. Shakespeare? 3) How many islands does the U.K. consist of? 4) What is the name of international station? 5) How many tourists come to Britain every year? 6) How many international parks are there in the U.K? 7) What are the names of other British cities? 8) What city is a very important port? |
2. Speak about the UK using the plan:
1) Geographical position of the UK
2) Parts of the UK
3) Types of surface. Rivers, lakes, mountains.
4) Types of industry. Mineral resources.
5) Political system. Parliament. Parties.
Unit 4
LONDON
Pre-reading exercises:
Read the following words and word combinations, translate into Russian, pronounce them correctly:
1) commercial
2) financial
3) official
4) numerous
5) buried
6) dwelling
7) warehouse
8) sky-scraper
9) column
10) unattractive
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11) Parliament
12) Buckingham Palace
13) Trafalgar square
14) Sir Christopher Wren
15) Westminster Abbey
Text
London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. The population of Greater London is about 11 million.
London is situated on the river Thames. The city is very old. It has more than 20 centuries history. Traditionally it is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End. They are very different from each other.
The city is the oldest part of London, its financial and business centre. Numerous banks, offices and firms are concentrated here. There are two places of interest in the city: St. Paul’s Cathedral and the tower of London. St. Paul’s Cathedral was built in the 17th century by the architect Sir Christopher Wren. The Tower of London was built in the 10th century. It was used as a fortress, a palace and a prison. Now it’s a museum.
Westminster is the aristocratic official part of London. There are Buckingham Palace where the Queen lives and the Houses of Parliament along the north bank of the Thames. The clock tower of the Houses of Parliament is famous for its big hour bell known as “Big Ben”, named after Sir Benjamin Hall. Westminster Abbey is the place where coronation of nearly all kings and Queens has taken place. Many of them are buried here as well as some other famous people of the country, such as William Shakespeare, Jane Osten, Charles Darwin, Charles Dickens, Isaac Newton, Rudyard Kipling etc
The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. The best hotels, restaurants, shops, clubs, parks and houses are situated there. There are many tourists there from different countries of the world.
Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London; it was named in the memory of Admiral Nelson’s victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson’s column stands in the middle of the square.
The East End is an industrial district of London. There are many factories and docks there. The region is densely populated by working class families. Earlier this district was unattractive with grey and dirty streets; and dwelling blocks looked more like warehouses than homes. Now it is the rapidly developing modern area. It’ll be like Manhattan full of sky-scrapers in a few-years time.
Post-reading exercises:
1. Listen and do the tasks:
LISTENING
LONDON
1. Fill in gaps: SCORE:
1) The first bridge over the Thames was built in ……..AD _______
2) Now there are……. bridges over the Thames. _______
3) The population of London is about ……million people. _______
4) London underground was built in ……… _______
5) Madame Tussaud brought her exhibition to London in ………… _______
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6) The Harrods store has ………. departments, ………. floors, ……… staff. _______
7) The mini skirt was popular in London in ……..-s. _______
8) There are over ………cinemas and more than ……… theatres in London. _______
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