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3. Give 3 forms of the verbs. 4. Read and translate the text A. The Use of the English Language. 5. Match English and Russian equivalents.
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3. Give 3 forms of the verbs.
To become, to have, to compare, to speak, to do, to use, to teach, to acquire, to know, to read, to study, to receive, to give, to make, to consider, to help, to exceed
4. Read and translate the text A.
The Use of the English Language
It is only in the course of the last hundred years that English has become a world language. In Shakespeare's time, it was a «provincial» language of secondary importance with only 6 million native speakers. Nowadays English has become the world's most important language in politics, science, trade and cultural relations. In a number of speakers (more than 300 million) English is second only to Chinese. It is the official language of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, of the United States of America, of Australia and New Zealand. English is used as one of the official languages in Canada, the Republic of South Africa, and the Irish Republic.
It is also spoken as a second language by many people in India, Pakistan, and numerous countries in Africa. The number of second- language speakers may soon exceed the number of native speakers, if it has not done so already. About 1 500 million people — over a third of the world's population — live in countries where English is used and taught. In fact, it has become the language of international intercourse.
Even more widely, English is studied and used as a foreign language. In this respect, it acquired an international status. The English we study (the model used in the teaching of English overseas) is known as Standard English. Standard English is the official language used in Great Britain. It is taught at schools and universities.
Many people in our country study English. They study it to read and understand books in the original and to be able to speak. Speaking is considered by many as the main objective of language learning. The knowledge of spoken language will help to express the opinions and feelings, to give and receive information. Studying foreign language enriches the native language, makes it clearer, more flexible and expressive. It gives great opportunity to compare two languages, to understand the mentality of another nation. Knowledge of a foreign language is truly something that opens up a completely new world to the one who possesses it. And it is not surprising that a lot of intellectuals want to know English language.
However, the study of foreign language is not only the sign of intellectual vitality. Nowadays it becomes an absolute necessity for any good specialist — an engineer, an artist, a doctor or an architect. He must read muchof a special scientific literature in foreign languages to be well informed in his field of knowledge. And half of the world's scientific literature is in English.
So, English is used for communication across frontiers, listening to broadcasts, reading books and newspapers, in commerce and travel. English is associated with technological and economic development of the great manufacturing countries and it is the principal language of international aid. It is the language of automation and computer technology. It is not only the universal language of international aviation, shipping and sport; it is to a considerable degree the universal language of literacy and public communication. It is the major of diplomacy, and is the most frequently used language both in the debates in the United Nations and in the general conduct of UN business.
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5. Match English and Russian equivalents.
| 1. international intercourse | a. обогащать родной язык |
| 2. spoken language | b. владеть иностранным языком |
| 3. standard English | c. обмениваться информацией |
| 4. to enrich the native language | d. научная литература |
| 5. to give and receive information | e. признак интеллектуальности |
| 6. to acquire an international status | f. международное общение |
| 7. a sign of intellectual vitality | g. приобрести международный статус |
| 8. to a considerable degree | h. литературный английский язык |
| 9. scientific literature | i. разговорный язык |
| 10. to possess foreign language | j. взначительнойстепени |
6. Give Russian equivalents.
A language of secondary importance, official language, native speaker, in this respect, to read and understand books in the original, flexible and expressive, to give opportunity, absolute necessity, field of knowledge, great manufacturing countries, public communication.
7. Arrange the following words in the pair of synonyms.
a) significant, to get, to help, world, importance, often, domain, to outnumber, home, main.
b) to receive, necessity, frequently, principle, universe, to exceed, native, field, to aid, considerable.
8. Use English equivalents instead of Russian ones.
1. English is considered to be the language of (международное общение).
2. The English language we study is known as (литературный английский язык).
3. English is the (официальный язык) of the UK, US, Australia and New Zealand.
4. The studying of foreign language (обогащать родной язык) makes it more (гибкий и выразительный).
5. Any good specialist must (владеть иностранным языком).
6. The knowledge of (разговорный язык) helpsto (обмениваться информацией).
7. English is associated with (технологическое и экономическое развитие) of the great manufacturing countries.
8. (Знание иностранного языка) helps to understand the mentality of another nation.
9. It is necessary for a good specialist to read (специальная научная литература).
10. As the United Nations debates and business are generally conducted in English it (приобрести международный статус).
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