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These sentences are not true. Correct them.
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a) 37% of Russian are afraid of representatives of law enforcement bodies.
b) In Moscow the fear before militia is tested less than half of inhabitants (35%)
c) 75% of participants of interrogation have declared that do not hope for the Russian legal proceedings.
5. Complete the following sentences:
a) 41% of Russian…
b) More than 80% of Russians consider…
c) 3% interrogated have declared…
6. Give English equivalents for:
события
допрос
бояться
жители
серьёзная проблема
объявлять
неправильные действия
участник
надеяться
российское правосудие
Text 5
1. Translate these words and word-combinations:
safety
to be specified
prevention
suppression
offence
protection
public order
ownership
legitimate interests
construction
legality
tortures
violence
human advantage
application of the weapon
2. Read and translate the text:
Functions of militia
In «the Law on militia» following functions of militia are specified: a safety of the person, the prevention and suppression of crimes and administrative offences, revealing and disclosing of crimes, protection of a public order and maintenance of public safety, protection private, state, municipal and other patterns o ownership, rendering assistance to physical and legal persons in protection of their rights and legitimate within the limits of.
Activity of militia is under construction according to principles of respect of the rights and freedom of the person and the citizen, legality, humanism, publicity. The militia is forbidden to resort to tortures, violence, reference another severe or humiliating human advantage; application of the weapon, physical strength is supposed only in the special cases specified in the law. Also in the law «About militia» it is spoken about equal human rights irrespective of a floor, race, a nationality, language, an origin, property and official position, a residence, the attitude to religion, belief, an accessory to public associations, and also other circumstances.
3. Answer the following questions:
a) What functions of militia are specified in "the law on militia"?
b) On what is activity of activity of militia based on?
c) The militia is forbidden to resort to tortures, violence, isn’t it?
These sentences are not true. Correct them.
a) Activity of militia is not under construction to principles of respect of the rights.
b) In the law "About militia" it is spoken about gambling and bribery.
c) The militia is not forbidden to resort to tortures, violence.
5. Complete the following sentences:
a) In "the law on militia" functions of militia…
b) Activity of militia is under construction…
c) The militia is forbidden…
6. Give English equivalents for:
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безопасность человека
предупреждение
сокращение роста преступности
административные правонарушения
общественная безопасность
имущество
деятельность милиции
принципы уважения
насилие
превосходство человека
физическая сила
равные права
обстоятельства
Text 6
1. Translate these words and word-combinations:
maintenance
order
volunteer
imperial
initial sense
strike
government
replacement
decision
affinity
protection
exist
2. Read and translate the text:
History
Till now in the majority of the countries of the world, and before October revolution - and in Russia too, militia the armed formations intended for maintenance of the order, formed of volunteers and not a part of official system of the state law enforcement bodies referred to. In imperial Russia groups of militia (in initial sense) were formed during large strikes, other mass actions against authority.
After February revolution the case of gendarmes and department of police (the decision of Provisional government from March, 6th, 1917 and from March, 10th, 1917) have been liquidated. Then replacement of police «national militia» which has been created on the basis of the decision «About the statement of militia» and «Time (Temporary) regulations about of militia» from April, 17th, 1917 has been proclaimed. Thus, «militia» created under the name system actually was police (public service of maintenance of the order). The name has been changed to emphasize affinity to interests of people and that the new organization did not associate with old police and the gendarmerie served by symbols of an old regime. In parallel with state national militia the groups of working militia created by local Advice (Councils) for maintenance of the order at mass actions and organizations of protection of the enterprises continued to be organized and exist.
3. Answer the following questions:
a) When hase the department of police been liquidated?
b) What has been proclaimed after February revolution?
c) For what purpose has “police” been changed?
These sentences are not true. Correct them.
a) Replacement of militia “national police” which has been created on the basis of the decision has been proclaimed.
b) In parallel with the local national militia the groups of working militia continued to be organized.
c) “Police” created under the name system was “militia”.
6. Complete the following sentences:
a) In the majority of the countries…
b) After February revolution…
c) “Militia” created under the name…
6. Give English equivalents for:
правила
большинство
поддерживать порядок
государственные правоохранительные органы
департамент полиции
быть ликвидированным
быть установленным
быть организованным
Text 7
1. Translate these words and word-combinations:
to cancel
official body
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to be abolished
to be transmid
Council
civil authorities
state weapon
technical forces
regular structure
voluntary formations
Local Advice
amateur
irrespective
2. Read and translate the text:
October revolution has cancelled all system of official bodies, including militia. At that time over the ruling clique of Russia was dominated with opinion, that the army and police should be abolished, and their functions - are transferred (transmitted) to directly armed people (look Anarchy). The decree of People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs «About working militia» from October, 28th (on November, 10th on H.With.) 1917 (1) has been established:
«All Advice (Councils) of working and soldier’s deputies establish working militia. The working militia is entirely and exclusive in charge of Advice (Council) of working and soldier’s deputies, Military and civil authorities are obliged to promote (assist) arms of working militia and supply by its (her) technical forces down to supply by its state weapon, the Present (True) law is put into operation on telegraph».
This day (on November, 10th) till now is celebrated in Russia as «Day of militia». Having passed through a plenty of reorganization, the militia has existed till now, having kept both the name, and the basic functions.
Thus, the militia has been founded, but militian bodies had no regular structure and were, actually, voluntary formations. About one year after that militias as the state organization, did not exist. On places earlier existed formations of militia somewhere have been dismissed, somewhere are reorganized. Local Advice (Councils) created and supported own militian groups.
It has been very soon realized, that the system of protection of the law and order cannot exist and is effective function, being a set of amateur voluntary groups. In March, 1918 the commissioner of People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs has brought the government a attention to the question on a reconstruction of militia as the state organization. On May, 10th, 1918 the board of People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs has accepted the order: «the Militia exists as constant staff of the persons executing special duties, the organization of militia should be carried out irrespective of Red Army, their functions should be strictly differentiated». On its basis organizational documents have been generated, the project of “workers’- and peasants’ militia» is made. On October, 21st, 1918 People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs approved «the Instruction on the organizations of the Soviet workers’- and-peasants’ militia».
3. Answer the following questions:
a) What has cancelled all system of official bodies, including militia?
b) What did the decree of People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs speak about?
c) When do people celebrate “Day of militia”?
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