Четыре типа чтения английских гласных буки в ударных слогах.
Буква
| I тип
| II тип
| III тип
| IV тип
| а
| [ei]
name
| [x]
man
| [a:]
far
| [Fq]
parent
| o
| [ou]
note
| [O]
not
| [L]
sport
| [L]
court
| е
| [J]
meet
| [e]
text
| [W]
term
| [iq]
near
| i,y
| [ai]
time
type
| [i]
sister system
| [W]
girl myrtle
| [aiql
desire
tyre
| u
| [ju:]
student
| [A] suspect
| [W]
turn
| [juq]
during
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Ex.4.Прочтите слова, обращая внимание на четыре типа чтения гласных:
subject,middle,type,course,various,marry,little,stadium,over,three,evening,scientist,student,hostel,circle,different,during,much,term,various,training,home,canteen,detective,hundred,here,four,chair,end,start,tired,gym,sport,rule,man,men,leave,ill,duty,department,near,far,for,serve,before.
Чтение согласных букв с, g, s, x, q.
Буква
| Чтение
|
| Примеры
| С
| - перед е, i,у
- в остальных
случаях
| [s] [к]
| nice, face, pencil, peace, place
crime, clean, fact, case, can, camp, cat
| G
| - перед е, i, у
- в остальных
случаях
| [d3] [g]
| page, gym, age, gin, rage
go, green, bag, glad, big, struggle
| S
| - в начале слова
после глухих согласных
- после гласных и звонких
согласных
- после s, ss, х, ch,ge, sh
| [s]
[z]
[iz]
| sit, stops, streets, meets, rights, texts
please, boys, cities, close, friends, plans, plays, films
judges, cases, classes, boxes, matches, washes
| X
| - между гласными
- в остальных случаях
| [gz]
[ks]
| exam, exact, exist, example, exibition
text, box, next, tax, fix, expect, six, excellent
|
Ex.5. Прочтите следующие слова:
class, crime, criminal, collect, locate, conduct, course, vacation, force, circle, enforcement, judge, college, age, large, go, interrogate, exam, case, cases, cities, streets, friends, judges.
ЧТЕНИЕ СОЧЕТАНИЙ СОГЛАСНЫХ
Буквосочетание
| Чтение
| Примеры
| sh
| [s]
| she, shop, fish, ship, shelf, sheep, shook, shine
| ch —
tch-
| [C]
| chess, much, check, teach, speech, match, catch, ditch
| ph
| [f]
| phone, phase, phonetics, photo, physics, photography, phrase
| ck
| [k]
| back, black, desk, sick, lack, clock
| wr
wh
wh + o
| [r]
[w]
[h]
| write, wrist, wry
while, white, why, when, which, where, wheil
who [hu:], whose, whom [hu:m]
| th—
| [T]
[q]
| three, thin, theme, tenth, teeth, these, they, thus, that, then
| qu
| [kw]
| question, quick, quite, quickly, quote.
| ng
в конце слова
nk
kn
в начале слова
| [N]
[Nk]
[N]
| long, song, sing
thank, link, bank.
know, knife, knee, knight
|
ОСОБЫЕ СЛУЧАИ ЧТЕНИЯ ГЛАСНЫХ
Буква или буквосочетание
| Чтение
| Примеры
| Чтение буквы "А"
| а +th
|
|
| father, rather, path, bath, class, 1
| а + s
|
|
| class, last, grass, task, ask
| а + 1
| + согласные
| [a:]
| half
| a + f
|
|
| staff
| а + п
|
|
| plant
| а+ ll
| [о:]
| small, hall, wall, call, tall, all
| a + lk
|
| chalk, talk (1 перед к не читается)
| au
| [о:]
| because, cause, autumn
| aw
| [о:]
| saw, draw, awful, raw, law
| war
| [wo:]
| war, warm, warn
| wa
| [wO]
| want, watch, wash, was
| Чтение букв "T", "Y"
| i перед ld, nd
| [ai]
| child, mild, wild, kind, mind,
| igh
| [ai]
| might, right, fight, sigh
| у — в начале слова
| [j]
| yes, yet, yell, yelk, year
| у — в конце слов кроме
| [i]
| lady, fifty,, silly,
| односложных
|
| ninety, kitty, very, easy, many, study
| Чтение буквы "О"
| o перед ld, st
| [ou]
| old, cold, told, sold, bold, gold,
post, most
| o перед m,n,v, th,
| [A]
| month, mother, brother, son,
front, come, some, love, won
|
|
| oo
| [u:]
| soon, too, spoon, tool, moon
| oo + k
| [u]
| booк, took, look, brook
и в словах: foot, good
| oy,oi
| [Oi]
| boу, toy, voice, noise, coin, soil
| ou
| [au]
| out, house, proud, about, round, loud
| ow в середине слова
| [au]
| town, down и в словах: now, low, brown, gown
| ow в конце слова
| [ou]
| grow, low, know, show, row, throw, blow
| wor
| [W]
| work, word, world, worse, worst
| ou+ gh
| [A] rough, enough, tough
| Чтение буквы "Е"
| ei, ey
eu, (i) ew
ear перед согласной
| [ei]
[ju:]
[W]
| eight, grey, they, weight, obey
new, few, dew, view, neutral
early, learn, heard, earth
| | | | | |
Ex.6. Прочтите следующие слова, обращая внимание на особые случаи чтения гласных:
class, last, task, father, rather, ask, master, half, hall, small, all, wall, chalk, talk, because, autumn, want, watch, warm, law, lawyer, saw, old, cold, post, month, mother, brother, some, come, too, soon, book, look, good, house, about, round, town, down, know, show, low, word, work, tough, enough, eight, they, grey, new, few, interview, learn, early, child, kind, higher, fight, yes, yet, many, very, easy, fifty.
Познакомьтесь с новыми правилами чтения буквосочетаний, повтори-те уже известные и прочтите следующие упражнения в чтении:
Правила чтения
| Упражнения в чтении
| er;or[q]
в конце слова
| teacher, doctor, reader, worker, investigator, engineer, lawyer, inspector, manager, banker
| ture[Cq]
| Nature, culture, structure, agriculture, architecture, future
| tion; ssion [Sn]
главное ударение падает на гласную, предшествующую -ion
| action, translation, education, function, solution, relation, information, institution, session, profession, comission, possession,
| sion[Zn]
| division, decision, revision, conclusion
| ch[k];ph[f]
в словах греческого и латинского
происхождения
| school, scholar, architect, architecture, photo, phone, physics, philosophy, telephone, phonetics
| tилис + i+ гласн.
| essential, social, specialist, efficient
| igh[ai]
| high, higher, light, right, fight, night
| c[s] перед е, i, у;
с[к] в остальных случаях
| science, society, place, security, service, prosecute, public, necessary, course, court, medicine, conduct.
| g[G]перед е, i, у,
g[g]в остальных случаях
| engineer, manager, management, guilt, agency graduate, legal, legality, knowledge, regulate, safeguard
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