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Task 4. Classify the following items either as goods or services. Compare your results with other students. Motivate your point of view.
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Task 4. Classify the following items either as goods or services. Compare your results with other students. Motivate your point of view.
advertising agency; letter delivery; personal banking; insurance; office computer system; airline ticket; software; TV commercial; dictionary; coffee maker; customs clearance; sports club shipment; french fries; home security system.
Text 2.
CLASSIFICATION of ORGANIZATION CULTURES
(After Prof С. Handy)
1. Power Cultures (силовий тип відносин).
In these cultures self-reliant and highly competitive self development provides the basis of relations. Manager’s success is related to his / her charisma and influence, rather than to his / her knowledge andexperience. The style of the chief executive is the model for оthег managers. In organizations of this type managers shall be tough-minded and aggressive.
2. Role Cultures (ролєвий тип).
In these cultures manager’s role is completely related to his / herplace within а cenralized system. His / her success depends on how well this manager adheres to rules, procedures, and precedents.
Individualism and aggression are not valued in these cultures. Employees in these organizations should not get out of the limits of their roles.
3. Task Cultures (тип відносин, спрямований на виконання завдань).
In organizations of this type they value everything that makes it possible “to get the work done”. The main concern in these organizations is with successful fulfilment оf their projects. Manager’s success is related to his / her knowledge and experience required to achieve tasks, rather than to meet the requirements of his / her role.
4. Individual Cultures (відносини індивідуальностей).
In organizations of this type the most possible freedom of expression is valued. Effectiveness of any activity in these organizations is rated by how much the activity satisfies the staff, rather than by how well it conforms to business plans. Independence, creativity, and experiment are also valued in these organizations.
Practice
Task 1. Look at the business card and answer the following questions:
| CONTINENTAL EQUIPMENT John G. Smith Financial Director 9 North Road, Brighton, ВNI 5JF, England Phone: (0273) 543359 Fax: (0273) 559364 |
Whose card is this?
What is he?
What company is he from?
What city is he from?
What is his telephone number?
What is the address of his company?
Make up your own business card.
Task 2. Complete the dialogue between the Managing Director (MD) and the Personnel Manager (PM), choosing from the list of words below:
sales, MBA, how to take decisions, accounting for managers, communications, distribution, specialized management-training courses, results, new technology, cost & price decisions, manage, promotion & marketing, learn about management structures, read the balance sheet, computer systems
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MD: John, we must think about (1) ________ for our junior managers.
PM: Yes, our promising younger people need to (2) ________.
MD: They need to know (3) ________ and the (4) ________ of these decisions.
PM: And, of course, (5) _________ is essential.
And they must know how to (6) _______.
MD: Without it, they will never (7) _______ successfully, and they won`t know anything about stock control, costing, pricing... you name it.
PM: Yes, (8) _______ depend on knowing this.
MD: Of course, that's not the only thing they need to know. (9) _______ means that they need to know about things like (10) _______.
PM: What else?
MD: (11) _______, for example.
PM: Yes, and I think that the (12) _______ departments need managers with this background, as well as the (13) _______ department.
MD: Even the (14) _______ managers could benefit, too.
MD: Perhaps we should only appoint managers with a Harvard (15) _______!
Task 3. Watch BBC Business Course, unit Meeting a Partner, make up your own dialogues.
UNIT 2
Text 1
JOB HUNT. ADVICE for JOB SEEKERS
(By Robert M. Hochheiser)
Whether you are out of work or just looking for a better-paying opportunity, there is no such thing as a foolproof way to get hired. You can, however, boost your chances іf you are willing to work hard at aggressively promoting yourself. Here are some guidelines.
Apply in quantity. Oil people know that to get a gusher they have to drill a lot of holes. As a job-seeker, you must operate the same way. To get an offer for a good job, you must be prepared to apply (one at a time) to an army of potential employers. If you are sending fewer than several dozen applications every week, you're not trying hard enough. For if you don’t make the contacts, someone else will. Aside from going after every advertised job appropriate to your field, make yourself known to recruiters and employment agencies.
Tailor your sales pitch to the reader. With the exception of companies looking for a trainee or a corporate president, few employers will be interested in a well-rounded jack-of-all-trades. Usually, prospective bosses will be impressed only if your skills, achievements, educational background and experience are first rate and directly applicable to the specific job they want to be done as well as to their specific business. They don't care about anything else. When you include in a resume or letter information that is not pertinent, you waste space that you could otherwise use to focus on job-related strengths. You also waste the reader’s time, an accomplishment that never makes a good impression.
Don’t promise to deliver more than the employer requires. If employers want more, they’ll ask for it. Should you offer too much or your claims be too extravagant, you may be viewed as either a dreamer or someone who pursues unrealistic goals. Similarly, if you look too good on paper, the reader may erroneously conclude that your salary requirements are too high or that you would not be satisfied with the job for long.
They may be right. Perhaps the job is not a good one for you. But why prejudge? Don’t oversell, get your foot in the door and decide for yourself.
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Task 1. Learn the following words and word-combinations:
foolproof – простий;
to boost – різко збільшувати, підвищувати;
gusher – нафтовий фонтан;
pitch – рівень;
jack-of-all-trades – майстер на всі руки;
specific – конкретний;
pertinent – відповідний, по суті;
strengths – позитивні якості;
claim – вимога;
to pursue – мати на меті;
erroneously – помилково;
requirement – вимога, умова;
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