 |
Past Indefinite (Irregular Verbs) Active Voice.
|
|
|
|
| Утвердительная форма | Вопросительная форма | Отрицательная форма | ||
 I
He
She
it wrote
we
you
they
| I
He
She
we you they | I He She it did not write. we you they |
Historical Background of Research Problem
Active vocabulary
1. at that time/ at that period
2. as early as 19 …
3. over the last / past few years.
4. the first studies / investigations on the problem
5. to be the first / to initiate
6. to date back to / to go back to
7. to pay attention to
8. to find / to discover
9. to show / to demonstrate
10. to assume / to suppose
11. to explain / to account for
12. to give rise to
13. to remain unsolved
14. to be poorly / well understood
15. to require further effort / study
16. to point out the shortcomings / drawbacks
17. to stimulate interest in
18. to add greatly to our knowledge of
19. to lay the foundation for
Ex. 1. Confirm the following statements by repeating the second clause.
Teacher: They say you gave a review of the latest results in that paper.
Student: Yes, I gave a review of the latest results in that paper.
1. They say it took you a week to write your paper.
2. They say you had a lot of work to do yesterday.
3. They say you sent a reprint of your paper to Dr.White last week.
4. They say your paper dealt with polymerization.
5. They say you spoke at the last laboratory seminar.
Ex. 2. Describe the same habitural or repeated actions in the past tense.
Teacher: We often meet at international conferences (met).
Student: We often met at international conferences.
1. I rarely see him in the morning (saw).
2. He generally keeps his word (kept).
3. Dr.Write deals with interesting problems (dealt).
4. They give a thorough analysis of their results (gave).
5. She begins her report with a rewiew of data (began).
6. His colleagues hold their meetings at the laboratory (held).
7. The lecturer makes a comparison between some earlier results and recent data (made).
Ex. 3. Describe the following repeated actions as momentaneous.
Teacher: He used to give lectures on organic chemistry.
Student: He gave a lecture on organic chemistry last Wednesday.
1. He used to write interesting articles on space research.
2. She used to come to this country quite often.
3. I used to see him every week.
4. They used to meet at scientific conferences.
5. She used to read all of his papers that he published.
6. He used to find her books very interesting.
7. We used to know about all new works on chemistry.
Ex. 4. Read about Prof. Wittner’s paper at an international symposium and translate them. Then describe in similar terms another person’s paper. Each student works on the same sentence.
Teacher: Prof. Wittner gave a detailed description of protein synthesis mechanisms.
|
|
|
Student 1st: Dr.White gave a detailed description of ionizing radiation biological effects.
2nd: Dr.Smith gave a detailed description of a particular crystal structure.
1. Prof. Wittner gave a brief account of the existing interpretations of these mechanisms.
2. He made a thorough analysis of the latest microscopic data.
3. He made an attempt to interpret the previous results in terms of the new theory.
4. Prof. Wittner made reference to some earlier works in this field.
5. He drew our attention to the progress in the understanding of these mechanisms.
6. He drew some interesting conclusions from these microscopic studies.
7. He made some comments on Johnson’s monograph on metabolic processes.
8. Prof. Wittner’s paper made a very good impression on his colleagues.
9. His project for further research met enthusiastic support from everyone.
10. Prof. Wittner made his point quite clear.
Ex. 5. Translate the following sentences, then give illustration of the same idioms from the history of your science.
Teacher: The discovery of the structure and function of nucleic acids gave impetus to general studies.
Student 1st: The discovery of the atomic nucleus gave impetus to the study of the atom.
2nd: The development of a new type of fuel gave impetus to space research.
1. In the early 20th century J.J. Thomson’s atom gave wave to a new atomic model.
2. Einstein’s first paper on the relativity theory came out in 1905.
3. The relativity theory gave a clue to many physical phenomena.
4. The development of the relativity theory ran parallel to important experimental observations.
5. Einstein’s ideas had a profound influence on the further development of physics.
6. His theory led to some discoveries in physics and astronomy.
7. Born laid the foundation for the study of wave mechanics.
8. Einstein’s ideas made a great impression on his contemporaries.
9. Niels Bohr set himself the task of studying light emission.
10. They gave rise to numerous articles and books.
|
|
|
