Lesson 10. Russian federatian. Reading and. Translation practice. Conversation practice. Grammar practice. The Past Perfect Tense

LESSON 10

RUSSIAN FEDERATIAN

Grammar practice	1. The Past Perfect Tense 2. The Future Perfect Tense
Reading and translation practice	1. Russia
	2.  Moscow
Conversation practice	1.  Agriculture (General Discussion)
	2. Cattle (Dairy and Dual – Purpose) 3. Potatoes
Writing practice	1. Presentation

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

The Past Perfect Tense

(Прошедшее совершённое время)

 

The Past Perfect Tense употребляется для выражения:

· действий, которые были закончены до определённого момента в прошлом, действий, которые произошли ранее другого действия, выраженного глаголом в Past Simple.

Фразы, характерные для употребления The Past Perfect Tense:

· by 6 o’clock yesterday, by that time, by the end of the week, by the 2^nd of November etc.;

· before smb. did smth.

She had lived in several different countries before she moved to Canada.

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Short Answers
I had worked	I hadn’t worked	HadI worked?	Yes, I had; No, I hadn’t
You had worked	You hadn’tworked	Had you worked?	Yes, you had; No, you hadn’t
He had worked	He hadn’t worked	Had he worked?	Yes, he had; No, he hadn’t
She hadworked	She hadn’t worked	Hadshe worked?	Yes, she had; No, she hadn’t
It had worked	It hadn’t worked	Had it worked?	Yes, it had; No, it hadn’t
We hadworked	We hadn’t worked	Had we worked?	Yes, we had; No, we hadn’t
Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Short Answers
You had worked	You hadn’t worked	Had you worked?	Yes, you had; No, you hadn’t
They had worked	They hadn’t worked	Had they worked?	Yes, they had; No, they hadn’t

1. Comment on the use of the Past Perfect in the following sentences. Translate them.

1. By the end of the year she had learned to cook. 2. I had finished the project by the beginning of that week. 3. We carefully studied the information you had sent. 4. Fortunately the rain had stopped before we left the house. 5. After the boss had left, the employees began to talk.
6. By the time I came home my family had already finished dinner.
7. Only when I came to work I understood that I had forgotten to feed the cat. 8. When the guests had gone, I began to wash the dishes. 9. We had not yet started following the new instructions when they changed them again. 10. He had never been kind to me until that day. 11. The programmer had done the work by four o’clock. 12. The policeman asked if there are had been any witnesses.

 

2. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets.   

1. I did not have any money because I (loose) my wallet. 2. Tony knew Istanbul so well because he (visit)  the city several times. 3. Susan (ever/ study) Thai before she moved to Thailand? 4. She only understood the movie because she ( read) the book. 5. Kristine (never/ be) to an opera before last night. 6. We were not able to get a hotel room because we ( not book) in advance. 7. A: You (ever/ visit ) the U. S. before your trip in 2006? B: Yes, I (be) to the U. S. once before. 8. Jake and Amelia were the only family she ever ( have ). 9. He said that he (be) awfully sorry for the things he ( do ). 10. Before the mid-nineteenth century, no dentist (use ) anesthesia. 11. After they ( shake ) hands, Steve said, “Thank you”. 12. She got dressed in the cotton shorts and top she (wear ) the day before.

 

3. Which of the following things have you done by your sixteenth birthday? Use the Past Perfect Tense to answer.

Model: By my sixteenth birthday, I had smoked cigarettes and decided that I was never going again.

Smoke cigarette

learn to drive

go on my first date

live apart from my parents

get a job my first date

get drunk

study languages

fall in love

 have my first kiss

learn how to support myself

decide what to do for a living

be on an airplane

study physics

Ask your classmate the same questions.

Model: By your sixteenth birthday, had you smoked cigarettes?

4. Use the right form of the verbs in brackets. (Past Simple, Present Perfect or Past Perfect).

1. When I (arrive) home last night, I discovered that Jane (prepare) a beautiful candlelight dinner.  

2. Since I began acting, I (perform) in two plays, a television commercial and a TV drama.

3. By the time I got to the office, the meeting (begin, already) without me. My boss (be) furious with me and I (be) fired.

4. When I (turn)the radio on yesterday, I (hear) a song that was popular when I was in high school. I (hear, not) the song in years, and it (bring) back some great memories.  

5. Last week, I (run) into an ex-girlfriend of mine. We (see, not) each other for ages, and both of us (change) a great deal. I (enjoy) talking to her so much that I (ask) her out on a date. We are getting together tonight for dinner.  

6. When Jack (enter) the room, I (recognize, not) him because he (lose) so much weight and (grow) a beard. He looked totally different!  

7. The Maya established a very advanced civilization in the jungles of the Yucatan; however, their culture (disappear) by the time Europeans first (arrive) in the New World.

The Future Perfect Tense

(Будущее совершенное время)

The Future Perfect Tense употребляется для выражения действий, которые будут завершены до определённого момента в будущем.

They will have emigrated to Canada by Christmas.

Наречия и фразы, характерные для употребления The Future Perfect Tense:

· by the end of December;

· until/till (в отрицательных предложениях).

He won’t have arrived until tonight.

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Short Answers
I’ll haveworked	I won’t have worked	Will I have worked?	Yes, I will; No, I won’t
You’ll have worked	You won’t have worked	Willyou have worked?	Yes, you will; No, you won’t
He‘ll haveworked	He won’thave worked	Will he have worked?	Yes, he will; No, he won’t
She’ll haveworked	She won’t have worked	Will she have worked?	Yes, she will; No, she won’t
It’ll have worked	It won’thave worked	Will it have worked?	Yes, it will; No, it won’t
We’ll have worked	We won’t have worked	Will we have worked?	Yes, we will; No, we won’t
You’ll haveworked	You won’t have worked	Will you have worked?	Yes, you will; No, you won’t
They’ll have worked	They won’thave worked	Will they have worked?	Yes, they will; No, they won’t

⇐ Предыдущая28293031323334353637Следующая ⇒

Поделиться:

Воспользуйтесь поиском по сайту: