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7. Answer the questions. 8. Where are these places of interest situated? . Conversation practice. 1. Read and translate the dialogue “agriculture”.
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7. Answer the questions.
1. Where is Moscow located?
2. Is Moscow a port city?
3. How is Moscow divided into sections?
4. What is known about Moscow Underground system?
5. What are the places of interest in Moscow?
6. Why is the Kremlin the most important place of interest for tourists?
7. What Russian Orthodox cathedrals are situated inside the Kremlin?
8. What is Palace of Congresses used for at present time?
8. Where are these places of interest situated?
· the Granovitaya Palace
· the Terem
· Red Square
· the Kremlin
· the Great Kremlin Palace
· the Cathedral of the Assumption
· the Archangel Cathedral
· the Cathedral of the Annunciation
· the Tower of Ivan the Great
· the Tsar's Bell
· the Palace of Congresses
· St Basil's Cathedral
· the Central Lenin Stadium
9. Write a short story about your visit to Moscow. The following questions will certainly help you:
1. Have you ever been to Moscow?
2. If yes, when was it?
3. Was it a business trip or a pleasure tour?
4. Did you fly, take a bus or a train to Moscow?
5. What railway station (airport) did you arrive at?
6. What was your first impression of Moscow?
7. What places of interest have you visited?
8. Where did you stay in Moscow?
9. How long did you stayed in Moscow?
10. Did you enjoy your visit to Moscow?
CONVERSATION PRACTICE
1. Read and translate the dialogue “Agriculture”.
Agriculture (General Discussion)
Friend: Agriculture meant more than the cultivation of fields, doesn’t it?
Farm Adviser: Yes. As we use it now, the term covers every aspect of soils, agronomy, horticulture, forestry, and animal husbandry. The study of agriculture also considers the tool and machines used in farm operations, as well as the storage of seeds and plant and animal products on the farm.
Friend: I guess the study of agriculture should begin with the soil.
Farm Adviser: That’s right.
Friend: I know that soil is formed partly by the breaking up of rocks. But I suppose there’s a lot more to it than that.
Farm Adviser: Oh, yes. The breaking up of rocks forms inorganic material. But soil also contains organic material. This is created by the rotting of plant and animal material, with the help of water, wind, air, temperature changes, and tiny soil organisms.
Friend: I understand that forestry is concerned with trees. But what’s the difference between horticulture and agronomy?
Farm Adviser: Well, the basic difference is in the type of area cultivated. Agronomy concerns the crops which are grown in large, open fields, and horticulture those which are grown in smaller, protected areas.
Friend: You mentioned animal husbandry. Does that include poultry?
Farm Adviser: Speaking generally, yes.
Friend: There have been great improvements in farm machinery in recent years, haven’t there?
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Farm Adviser: Definitely. Hand tools were still in general use to cut and thresh grain as late as a century ago, and many implements used today were unknown 70 years ago.
2. Match the terms on the left with their definitions on the right.
| a. organic | 1. the work of raising field crops |
| b. cultivate | 2. separate grain from the rest of the plant |
| c. field | 3. composed of animal or vegetable material |
| d. poultry | 4. a large piece of land |
| e. agronomy | 5. a product of agriculture, such as grain |
| f. implement | 6. the cultivation of trees |
| g. forestry | 7. take care of soil in growing crops |
| h. husbandry | 8. a tool or machine |
| i. thresh | 9. large birds used for food |
| j. crop | 10. the work of caring for plants or animals |
3. Read and translate the dialogue “Cattle”.
Cattle (Dairy and Dual – Purpose)
1st Farmer: Good morning, Mr. Stevens. I’m thinking of getting a dairy herd. I would like to talk to you about it.
2nd Farmer: Good morning, Mr. Raft. I’ll be happy to tell you what I know. Have you considered a breed yet?
1st Farmer: Well, I noticed that your herd is Holstein. You must have a good reason for selecting that breed.
2nd Farmer: I like the Holsteine because it produces more milk than other breed I know about. There isn’t as much butterfat in their milk as the Guernsey. The Jersey produces milk with high butterfat content, too.
1st Farmer: Within the breed, how do you tell when you’ve got a good producer?
2nd Farmer: You can tell fairly well by the size and shape of the udder. The teats should be of good size and spaced far apart. The milk veins should be large, both on the bag or udder and along the underside of the body.
1st Farmer: Do you breed your cows with a bull?
2nd Farmer: No, I use artificial insemination only. I think I have a better choice in bulls, and generally better daughters are produced with a really good sire. Besides, it costs less.
1st Farmer: And it’s certainly safer. I’ve heard that the semen from one bull can service several thousand cows a year.
2nd Farmer: That’s true. And you can control the quality if you fertilize only really good dams. Why don’t you consider a dual-purpose breed like the milking Shorthorn? That strain is similar to your beef Shorthorns.
1st Farmer: That sounds like a good idea. Thank you for your help.
2nd Farmer: Not at all.
Useful words:
| breed cattle dairy herd dual – purpose Gersey Holsteine Shorthorn stain teats udder | порода крупный рогатый скот молочное стадо двойного назначения джерсейская порода голштинская порода шортгорнская порода порода, племя, род соски вымя |
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