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4. These sentences are not true. Correct them.
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4. These sentences are not true. Correct them.
a) The approach phase begins when the interrogator doesn’t first come in contact with the source.
b) Some approaches may be complete when the interrogator begins to answer questions.
c) The interrogator shouldn’t establish and maintain control, establish and develop rapport.
5. Complete the following sentences:
a) Each interrogation is different…
b) The techniques used in…
c) The manipulative techniques…
6. Give English equivalents for:
подход
следователь-дознаватель
подозреваемый
успешное достижение
устанавливать контроль
поддерживать контроль
ограничения
Text 4
1. Translate these words and word-combinations:
rapport
source
harsh situation
badgering
statement
abandon the effort
repatriation
assume
cease
capture
state of mind
gain rapport
tentative approach
body language
2. Read and translate the text:
Establish and Develop Rapport. Rapport between the interrogator and the source is really nothing тоге than а two way flow of communication. It can involve showing kindness and humanity in аn otherwise harsh situation, оr it can mean badgering the source. Rapport is established when the source reacts to the interrogator's statement. Rapport must bе maintained throughout the interrogation, not only just in the approach phase. If the interrogator has established good rapport initially and then abandons the effort, the source would rightfully assume that the interrogator cares less and less about him as the information is being obtained. If this occurs, rapport is lost and the source may cease answering questions. Rapport may be developed by-
• Asking about the circumstances of capture. By asking about the source's circumstances of capture. the interrogator сап gain insight into the prisoner's actual state of mind and тоге importantly, he сап ascertain his possible breaking points.
• Asking background questions. After asking about the source's circumstances of capture, the interrogator сап further gain rapport bу asking questions about his background. Apparent interest сап bе built bу asking about his family, civilian life, friends, likes, dislikes. and so forth. The main point in asking about the source's background is to develop rapport, but nonpertinent questions may ореn new avenues for the approach and help determine whether оr not the tentative approaches chosen in the planning and preparation phase will bе effective. If nonpertinent questions show that the tentative approaches chosen will not bе effective, а f1exibIe interrogator сап easily shift the direction of his approach without the source being aware of the change.
Depending оп the situation, circumstances, and аnу requests the source may have made, the following сап also bе used to develop rapport:
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· Offering realistic incentives: such as immediate (coffee, cigarettes, and so for1h), short term (а meal, shower, send а letter home, and so forth). and long term (repatriation. political asylum. and so forth).
· Feigning experience similar to those of the source.
· Showing соnсеm for the prisoner through the use of voice vitality and body
language.
· Helping the source to rationalize his guilt.
· Showing kindness and understanding toward the source's predicament.
· Exonerating the source from guilt.
· Flattering the source.
3. Answer the following questions:
When is rapport established?
In what ways may rapport be developed by?
What can be used to develop rapport?
4. These sentences are not true. Correct them.
a) Rapport may be developed by offering malistic incentives.
b) The source can gain rapport by asking questions about his background.
c) Rapport can’t involve showing kindness and humanity.
5. Complete the following sentences:
a) Rapport is established when…
b) The interrogator can gain…
c) If nonpertinent questions show…
6. Give English equivalents for:
гуманность
заявление
захват, поимка
подготовительный этап
виновность
затруднительное положение
заключённый
перемещение
подход
репатриация
Text 5
1. Translate these words and word-combinations:
assess
source
establish rapport
prisoner
tentative
scanty information
personal observation
select approach
avoid
guide the conversation
interrogation effort
appear sincere
good assessment
2. Read and translate the text:
Assess the Source. After having established control of the source and having established rapport, the interrogator continually assesses the prisoner to see if the approaches, and later the questioning techniques, chosen in the planning and preparation phase will indeed work. Remember that the approaches chosen in planning and preparation аге only tentative and аге based оп the sometimes scanty information available from documents, the guards, and personal observation. This may lead the interrogator to select approaches which may bе totally incorrect for obtaining this source's willing cooperation. А careful assessment of the source is absolutely necessary to avoid wasting valuable time in the approach phase. Make assessment bу asking background and nonpertinent questions which will indicate whether оr not the approaches chosen will bе effective. The questions сап bе mixed оr they сап bе separate. If, ·for example, the interrogator had chosen а love of comrades approach, he should ask the source questions like " How did you get along with your fellow squad members? " /f the source answers that they were all very close and worked well as а team, then the interrogator сап go right into his love of comrades approach and be reasonably sure of its success. However, if the source answers, " They all hated my guts and I couldn't stand any of them!, " then the interrogator should abandon that approach and ask some quick non pertinent questions to give himself some time to work out a new approach.
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Male Smooth Transitions. The interrogator must guide the conversation smoothly and logically, especially if he needs to move from one approach technique to another. " Poking and hoping" in the approach may alert the prisoner of ploys and will make the job more difficult. Tie ins to another approach can be made logically and smoothly by using transitional phrases. Logical tie ins can be made by the inclusion of simple sentences which connect the previously used approach with the basis for the next one. Transitions can also be smoothly covered by leaving the unsuccessful approach and going back to nonpertinent questions. By using non pertinent conversation, the interrogator can more easily move the conversation in the desired direction, and as previously stated, sometimes obtain leads and hints as to source's stresses or weaknesses or other approach strategies that may be more successful.
Be Sincere and Convincing. All professional interrogators must be convincing and appear sincere in working their approaches. If an interrogator is using argument and reason to get the source to cooperate, he must be convincing and appear sincere. All inferences of promises, situations, and arguments, or other invented material must be believable. What a source mayor may not believe depends on his level of knowledge, experience, and training. A good assessment of the source is the basis for the approach and is vital to the success of the interrogation effort. '
Recognize the Breaking Point. Every source hasa breaking point, but an interrogator never knows what it is until it has been reached. There are, however, some good indicators that the source is near his breaking point or has already reached it. For example, if during the approach, the source leans forward with his facial expression indicating an interest in the proposal or is more hesitant in his argument, he is probably nearing the breaking point. The interrogator must be alert and observant to recognize these signs in the approach phase. Once the interrogator determines that the source is breaking, he should interject a question pertinent to the objective of the interrogation. If the source answers it, the interrogator can move into the questioning phase. If the source does not answer or balks at answering it, the interrogator must realize that the source was not as close to the breaking point as was thought. In this case, the interrogator must continue with his approach or switch to an alternate approach or questioning technique and continue to work until he again feels that the source is near breaking. The interrogator can tell if the source has broken only by interjecting pertinent questions. This process must be followed until the prisoner begins to answer pertinent questions. It is entirely possible that the prisoner may cooperate for a while and then balk at answering further questions. If this occurs, the interrogator can either reinforce the approaches that initially gained the source's cooperation or move into a different approach before returning to the questioning phase of the interrogation. At this point, it is important to note that the amount of time that is spent with a particular source is dependent on several factors, that is, the battlefield situation, the expediency with which the supported commander's PIR and IR requirements need to be answered, and so forth.
3. Answer the following questions:
a) Does the interrogator assess the prisoner to see if questioning and techniques and preparation phase will indeed work?
b) How must the interrogator guide the conversation?
c) Must all professional interrogators be convincing and appear sincere in working their approaches?
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