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Task II. What do these abbreviations and acronyms stand for? Decode them.




PC; CU; ALU; CPU; IBM; DOS; CRT; ROM; RAM; IC; LSI; VLSI; CD-ROM; I/O; CAI; CAD; CAM; DVD; GUI; MB; GB; LCD; LAN; IT; DTP; OS; VCR; WWW; HDD; BIOS.

 

Task III. Quiz: Computers and the Net.

1. Make sure you ___ your computer before you leave the office.

a) close b) shut down c) restart d) lock up

2. How long are you going to be ___ the Internet? I need to phone.

a) at b) in c) to d) on

3. Oh no! This stupid computer has ___ again!

a) crashed b) broken down c) had an accident d) failed

4. There is a ___ in the computer program somewhere.

a) glitch b) bug c) error d) mistake

5. I can spend the whole weekend just ___ the Net.

a) sailing b) swimming c) surfing d) windsurfing

6. Now we have broadband, we're ___ to the Internet 24 hours a day.

a) joined b) infected c) connected d) attached

7. Web-browser is the software that allows you to ___.

a) explore the Net b) eavesdrop c) send a fax d) save a file

8. To open a file, just ___ on it with the mouse.

a) press b) cluck c) hit d) click

9. Virus is a ___.

a) flaw b) poison c) bug d) digital infection

10. The emoticon;–) means ___.

a) I'm flirting b) I didn't like it c) I'm being ironic d) I'm a programmer

11. In the film Mission: Impossible, Tom Cruise enters a high-security area with the help of a computer ___.

a) monitor b) programmer c) cracker d) burglar

12. Shareware means ___

a) hand-me-down clothing b) free hardware c) server d) trial software

 

LEXICAL GAMES

Fill in the squares with nouns upon the models.

 

 

 

CROSSWORD 1

Horizontally: 1. A more favourable position; gain or benefit. 2. The following one thing after another. 3. Examination, experiment or trial. 4. The process opposite to multiplication. 5. A type of computer virus that can make copies of itself and destroy information on computers that are connected to each other. 6. The science dealing with microcircuits. 7. To find the size, length, or amount of something, using standard units such as inches, metres, etc. 8. Application. 9. Someone who has written a book. 10. To write information down or store it in a computer or on film so that it can be looked at in the future. 11. Goal, target. 12. Memory. 13. Loading the program (the operating system) that makes a computer ready to be used. 14. The organ inside your head that controls how you think, feel and move. 15. Method or manner of doing something. 16. A person who is very clever in some specified field; expert. 17. A tiny wafer of silicon that has a set of complicated electrical connections on it and is used to store and process information in computers.

Vertically: 1. Information. 2. Help. 3. Reply, answer or reaction. 4. A group of similar elements or things that belong together or are related in some way. 5. A unit keeping information. 6. Often used, widespread. 7. An electronic device that allows information from one computer to be sent along telephone wires to another computer. 8. A lot of things of the same type that are different from each other in some way. Syn: diversity. 9. A mistake. 10. A switch. 11. A fitting together of parts to make a whole. 12. To run the program. 13. A very small computer that you can hold in your hand. 14. A system of symbols used for entering data into the computer. 15. Knowledge about the world, especially based on examining, testing, and proving facts. 16. An attempt; a hard try. 17. To stop using a computer program; to quit; to escape. 18. One of the possible choices you can make when using computer software.

 

CROSSWORD 2

Horizontally: 1. Discovery; producing smth. new. 2. To detect and remove the mistakes in a computer program. 3. Someone that uses a product, service, etc. 4. A flexible disk on which you can record computer information. 5. A computer program that is written and designed for a specific need or purpose. 6. One of the elementary arithmetic actions. 7. What is theEnglish for П роектирование И И зготовление? Write the acronym. 8. To watch a television program, film or to look through web pages. 9. The process of preparing a set of coded instructions, enabling the computer to solve specific problems. 10. An... jet printer. 11. Very large, enormous, vast. 12. Gain or benefit; a favorable position, superiority. 13. To modify a computer file or a document by, for example, deleting, inserting, moving, or copying text. 14. A computer program that translates a low-level programming language into machine language. 15. The physical equipment used in a computer system, such as the central processing unit, peripheral devices, and memory. 16. The amount of money that you have to pay in order to buy, do, or produce something. 17. The smallest unit of information that a computer uses. 18. A cylinder used in printers for paper feed. 19. Information resulting from computer processing that is delivered to a user; one of the main units of a computer. 20. One of the devices used for storing information. 21. Means of interacting between two systems or between a user and a computer. 22. What is the English for ЛВС? 23. The process of gradually becoming bigger, better, stronger, or more advanced. Syn: progress, evolution.

 

Vertically: 1. Something that is slightly different from the usual form of something; version. 2. The tools, machines, devices, etc. that you need to do a particular job. 3. A device, block, element. 4. A predetermined set of instructions for solving a specific problem in a manner of steps. 5. Velocity, quick motion. 6. Syn: introduction, presentation. 7. Cellular phone is a convenient means of …. 8. Operated or done by hand or without the help of electricity, computers, etc. 9. Counter-Strike is a popular video …. 10. A list of options displayed on a screen from which the operator selects an action to be carried out. 11. A thin metal thread used for carrying electrical currents or signals. 12. A movable indicator on a computer screen. 13. A character, sign, letter, number. 14. An instruction to write information from the memory onto a tape of disk. 15. A counting board, a frame with beads on wires for doing or teaching arithmetics. 16. An imitation or reproduction of an original. 17. An occasion when a computer or computer system suddenly stops working. 18. A container; a screened window. 19. To keep, to hold. 20. English acronym for Автоматизированное Производство.

 

 

R E A D A N D S M I L E

 

(1) WHAT IS 2 х 2?

An assemblage of the most gifted minds in the world were all posedthe following question: "What is 2 x 2?"

The engineer whips out his slide rule (so it's old) and shuffles it back and forth, and finally announces 3.99.

The physicist consults his technical references, sets up the problem on his computer, and announces, "It lies between 3.98 and 4.02''

The mathematician cogitates for a while, oblivious to the rest of the world, then announces, "I don't know what the answer is, but I tell you, an answer exists!"

Philosopher, "But what do you mean by 2 x 2?"

Logician: "Please define 2 x 2 more precisely."

Accountant closes all the doors and windows, looks around carefully, then asks, "What do you want the answer to be?"

Elementary school teacher from Columbus, Georgia, USA: 4.

 

(2) MOTHER SHOULD HAVE WARNED YOU!

If you can count on one person in this life, it is your mother. Particularly, you can rely on any mom anywhere to find the perils inherent in any situation. Indeed, no self-respecting mom ever missed an opportunity to caution her children about the dangers of everything from comics to swimming pools and public restrooms. What would mom say about PCs?

We have tried to find an answer to this question, and after months of exhaustive polling of computer savvy moms around the country (there are more than you think), we’ve assembled the following list of ten PC perils your mom should have warned you about. Take them seriously. Mom knows what she is talking about.

1. Playing too much War Craft will make you go blind. Go outside, get some fresh air. Do you want to look like a ghost all your life?

2. Never enter strange bulletin board systems. Who knows what kind of riff-raff you will find there? Just last week, I saw a show about the kind of trash that hangs out on these systems.

3. If they're so interested in information, why don’t they go to the library?

4. Don't talk on the phone and input data into the spreadsheet at the same time. It is very rude, and frankly, I don’t like your language when the program doesn’t work the way you think it should.

5. Clean up your hard disk. God forbid you should be in an accident and someone should see how sloppy your directories are.

6. You don’t have to rush out and buy every trendy new product. So what if all your friends are buying it. You wouldn’t jump off a bridge just because everyone else did, would you?

7. Be sure to write your name and phone number on all your disks. That way, if they ever get mixed up with someone else’s, you can tell which one is yours.

8. Never put a disk into your drive if you don’t know where it has been. Your computer might catch a disease or something. Don’t laugh, it is not funny. That’s what happened to the Kelly boy, and his PC hasn’t been the same since.

9. Sit up straight, and for heaven’s sake, not so close to that monitor screen. What do you want to do, go blind and look like a pretzel? Exercise at your desk occasionally rotating your wrist, rolling your shoulders, and stretching. Better yet, get up and walk around.

10. Always eat fruit and vegetables. Okay, so it doesn’t have anything to do with computers, it’s good advice anyway. And who said mothers had to be consistent?

(3) BILL GATES IN HEAVEN

Bill Gates died and, much to everyone's surprise, went to Heaven. When he got there, he had to wait in the reception area. Heaven's reception area was the size of Massachusetts. There were literally millions of people milling about, living in tents with nothing to do all day. Food and water were being distributed from the backs of trucks, while staffers with clipboards slowly worked their way through the crowd. Booze and drugs were being passed around. Fights were commonplace. Sanitation conditions were appalling. All in all, the scene looked like Woodstock1.

Bill lived in a tent for three weeks until finally, one of the staffers approached him. The staffer was a young man in his late teens, face scarred with acne. He was wearing a blue T-shirt with the words TEAM PETER emblazoned on it in large yellow lettering.

"Hello," said the staffer in a bored voice that could have been the voice of any clerk in any overgrown bureaucracy. "My name is Gabriel." Bill started to ask a question, but Gabriel interrupted him. "No, I'm not the Archangel Gabriel. I'm just a guy from Philadelphia named Gabriel who died in a car wreck at the age of 17. Now give me your name, last name first, unless you were Chinese in which case its first name first."

"Gates, Bill." Gabriel started searching through the sheaf of papers on his clipboard, looking for Bill's Record of Earthly Works. "What's going on here?" asked Bill. "Why are all these people here? Where's Saint Peter? Where are the Pearly Gates?"

Gabriel ignored the questions until he located Bill's records. Then Gabriel looked up in surprise, "It says here that you were the president of a large software company. Is that right?"

"Yes."

" Well then, use your math chip-head2! When this Saint Peter business started, it was an easy gig3. Only a hundred or so people died every day, and Peter could handle it all by himself, no problem. But now there are over five billion people on earth. Come on, when God said to "go forth and multiply", he didn't say "like rabbits". With that large a population, ten thousand people die every hour. Over a quarter-million people a day. Do you think Peter can meet them all personally?"

"I guess not."

"You guess right. So Peter had to set up a company. Now, Peter is the CEO4 of Team Peter Enterprises, Inc. He just sits in the corporate headquarters and sets policy. Staff like me handle the actual activities." Gabriel looked through his paperwork some more, and then continued, "Your paperwork seems to be in order. And with a background like yours, you'll be getting a plum job assignment5 ".

"Job assignment?"

"Of course. Did you expect to spend the rest of eternity sitting and drinking ambrosia? Heaven is a big operation!" Gabriel took out a triplicate form, had Bill sign at the bottom, and then tore out the middle copy and handed it to Bill. "Take this down to induction center6 #№3 and meet up with your occupational orientator7. His name is Abraham." Bill started to ask a question, but Gabriel interrupted him, "No, he's not that Abraham."

Bill walked down a muddy trail for ten miles until he came to induction center #23. He met with Abraham after a mere six-hour wait.

"Heaven is centuries behind in building its data processing infrastructure," explained Abraham. "As you've seen, we're still doing everything on paper. It takes us a week just to process new entries."

"I had to wait three weeks!" said Bill. Abraham stared at Bill angrily, and Bill realized that he'd made a mistake. Even in Heaven, it's best not to contradict a bureaucrat.

"Your job will be to supervise Heaven's new data processing center. We're building the largest computing facility in creation. Half a million computers connected by a multi-segment fiber optic8 network, all running into a back-end server network with a thousand CPUs on a gigabit channel. Fully fault tolerant9. Fully distributed processing."

Bill could barely contain his excitement "Wow! What a great job! This is really Heaven!

"We're just finishing construction, and we'll be starting operations soon. Would you like to go to the center now?"

"You bet!"

Abraham and Bill caught the shuttle bus and went to Heaven's new data processing center. It was a truly huge facility, a hundred times bigger than the Astrodome. Workmen were crawling all over the place, getting the miles of fiber optic cables properly installed. But the center was dominated by the computers. Half a million computers, arranged neatly row-by-row, half a million....

.... Powerful PC's....

.... all running Mac/OS? Not an Intel PC in sight! Not a single byte of Microsoft code!

The thought of spending the rest of eternity using products that he had spent his whole life working to destroy was too much for Bill. – "What about Windows??? he exclaimed. What about Excel??? What about Word???"

"You're forgetting something", said Abraham.

"What's that?" asked Bill plaintively.

"This is Heaven," explained Abraham. "We need an operating system that's heavenly to use. If you want to build a data processing center based on PCs running Windows, then....

.... GO TO HELL!

 

Notes:1Woodstock – Вудсток (Небольшой городок в штате Нью-Йорк. Известен в связи с рок-фестивалем, прошедшим неподалеку от него в 1969 году. На поляне, где проходил фестиваль, палаточный городок разбили около 450 тыс. человек. Фестиваль проходил под проливным дождем; отсутствие какой-либо серьезной организации привело к пробкам на дорогах, антисанитарии и к дефициту продуктов питания в окрестных магазинах.);

2Well then, use your math chip-head! – Ну тогда, пошевели своими математическими мозгами со встроенным микрочипом!

3an easy gig – непыльная работёнка;

4CEO (Chief Executive Officer) – генеральный директор (корпорации);

5plum job assignment – доходная работёнка, тёплое местечко;

6induction center – центр распределения новых сотрудников;

7occupational orientator – куратор, руководитель;

8fiber optic – волоконно-оптический;

9fault tolerant – сохраняющий работоспособность при отказе отдельных элементов.

 

(4) 10 PROGRAMMERS

Ten young programmers began to work online,

One didn’t pay for Internet, and then there were nine.

Nine young programmers used copies that they made,

But one was caught by FBI, and then there were eight.

Eight young programmers discussed about heaven,

One said: “It’s Windows 95!”, and then there were seven.

Seven young programmers found bugs they want to fix,

But one was fixed by the bug, and then there were six.

Six young programmers were testing the hard drive,

One got the string “Format complete”, and then there were five.

Five young programmers were running the FrontDoor,

The BBS of one was hacked, and then there were four.

Four young programmers worked using only C,

One said some good about Pascal, and then there were three.

Three young programmers didn’t know what to do,

One tried to call the on-line help, and then there were two.

Two young programmers were testing what they’ve done,

One got a virus in his brain, and then there was one.

One young programmer was as mighty as a hero,

But tried to speak with user, and then there was zero.

Boss cried: “Oh, where is the program we must have?!”

And fired one programmer, and then there wereFF.

 

(5) WHAT IF DR. SUESS WROTE A MANUAL?

If a packet hits a pocket on a socket on a port,

And the bus is interrupted as a very last resort,

And the address of the memory makes your floppy disk abort,

Then the socket packet pocket has an error to report.

If your cursor finds a menu item followed by a dash,

And the double-clicking icon puts your window in the trash,

And your data is corrupted ’cause the index doesn’t hash,

Then your situation’s hopeless and your system’s gonna crash!

If the label on the cable on the table at your house,

Says the network is connected to the button on your mouse,

But your packets want to tunnel on another protocol,

That’s repeatedly rejected by the printer down the hall,

And your screen is all distorted by the side effect of Gauss,

So your icons in the window are as wavy as a souse,

Then you may as well reboot and go out with a bang,

’Cause as sure as I’m a poet, the sucker’s gonna hang!

When the copy of your floppy’s getting sloppy on the disk,

And the microcode instructions cause unnecessary risk,

Then you have to flash your memory and you’ll want to RAM your ROM.

Quickly turn off the computer and be sure to tell your mom.

POP QUIZ I

HOW MODERN ARE YOU?

1. If you were able to have any car you wanted, what would you buy?

a) I’d buy a restored vintage car that might become a collector’s item.

b) I’d buy a newly built car with all the latest technology.

c) I wouldn’t buy a car because I don’t like them.

2. What is your attitude to new scientific developments?

a) They are brilliant. They help to make the world a much happier and better place.

b) We know enough about science now. We should stop interfering with nature.

c) Some things are good. Some things are bad.

3. How do you speak?

a) I use a lot of new words, slang and catch phrases from the television and magazines.

b) I use exactly the same words and phrases as my parents.

c) I use a few new words because they are useful for what I want to say.

4. Which of the following do you think is the most enjoyable?

a) Playing virtual reality computer games.

b) Going to a disco club that plays music from the '60s and '70s.

c) Listening to techno music.

5. Which of the following would be your preferred way of finding out information?

a) I like looking up in a book.

b) Surfing the Internet or using a CD-ROM is the best way.

c) Watching a video is best.

6. You go to a friend’s house. His mother works, earning a lot of money, and his father stays at home, cooks and cleans. What is your reaction?

a) Nothing. It doesn’t matter who works and who cleans. It is the 21st century.

b) A bit surprised. It seems a bit strange because it is unusual.

c) The poor man. Cooking and cleaning is a woman’s job.

7. Which of the following types of books or films do you prefer?

a) Historical ones.

b) Anything romantic.

c) Contemporary ones about modern day things.

8. If your computer were six years old and worked perfectly well, which of the following would you do?

a) I’d buy a brand new one so I could have new technology.

b) I wouldn’t do anything. I’d be happy with it. New technology is just gimmicks.

c) I’d secretly hope it would break, despite the fact that I didn’t need a new computer.

 

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