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Cardinal and Ordinal Numerals
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CardinalsOrdinals
1 — one[wAn] the first [fə:st]
2 — two [tu:] the second ['sekənd]
3— three [θri:] the third [θə:d]
4 — four [fo:] the fourth [fO:θ]
5 — five [faiv] the fifth [fifθ]
6 — six [siks] the sixth [siksθ]
7— seven ['sevn] the seventh [sevnθ]
8 — eight [eit] the eighth [eitθ]
9 — nine [nain] the ninth [nainθ]
10 — ten [ten] the tenth [tenθ]
11 — eleven [i'levn] the eleventh [I’levnθ]
12 — twelve [twelv] the twelfth [twelfθ]
13 — thirteen ['θə:'ti:n] the thirteenth ['θə:'ti:nθ]
14 — fourteen ['fo:'ti:n] the fourteenth ['fə:'ti:nθ]
15 — fifteen ['fifti:n] the fifteenth ['fifti:nθ]
16 — sixteen ['siks'ti:n] the sixteenth ['siks'ti:nθ]
17 — seventeen ['sevn'ti:n] the seventeenth['sevn'ti:nθ]
18 — eighteen ['ei'ti:n] the eighteenth ['ei'ti:nθ]
19 — nineteen ['nain'ti:n] the nineteenth ['nain'ti:nθ]
20 — twenty [twenti] the twentieth ['twentuθ]
30 — thirty ['θə:ti] the thirtieth ['θə:tuθ]
40 — forty ['fo:ti] the fortieth ['fa:tnθ]
50 — fifty ['fifti] the fiftieth ['fiftnθ]
60 — sixty ['siksti] the sixtieth ['sikstnθ]
70 — seventy ['sevnti] the seventieth ['sevntnθ]
80 — eighty ['eiti] the eightieth ['eitnθ]
90 — ninety ['nainti] the ninetieth ['naintiθ]
100 — a/one hundred ['hAndrəd] the (one) hundredth ['hAndrəd θ]
200 — two hundred the two hundredth ['hAndrəd θ]
1,000 — a/one thousand ['θauzənd] the (one) thousandth ['θauzənd θ]
1,345 — a/one thousand three the (one) thousand three hundred
hundred and forty-five and forty-fifth
• In cardinal numerals which consist of tens (десятки) and units (единицы) the two words are hyphenated (пишутся через дефис).
56 — fifty-six, 91 — ninety-one
• When cardinal numerals ending in one (like thirty-one, fifty-one) areused before a noun, they require the plural form of the noun.
thirty-one students, forty-one years
(Compare with Russian тридцать один студент, сорок один год, where the noun is used in the singular.)
• The numerals hundred, thousand and million used in the singular are always preceded by the Indefinite article a or the numeral one.
a hundred, one hundred and fifty-two
When the numerals hundred, thousand or million are preceded a number other than one, they do not take the ending -s.
400 children (four hundred)
5,900 people (five thousand nine hundred)
8,600,000 dollars (eight million six hundred thousand)
• The cardinal numerals dozen, ten, hundred, thousand, million takethe plural ending -s before of+ a plural noun if the above numerals arenot preceded by another numeral or a pronoun.
millions of stars, dozens of eggs, thousands of books, hundreds of thousands of people, etc.
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but: many thousand people, two hundred chairs, three dozen eggs
• Cardinal numerals are used to indicate the number with nouns like page, sentence, Ex., room, chapter, volume, paragraph, apartment, tram, etc. In such cases the numeral is placed after the noun and the noun is used without an article.
Read lesson 8 on page 93.
However, ordinal numerals can sometimes be used here as well.
Paragraph 3, or the third paragraph
World War II, or the Second World War
In similar cases in Russian ordinal numerals are preferable.
Читайте урок восьмой на девяносто третьей странице.
As regards the names of kings and queens, only ordinal numerals are here.
Henry VIII – Henry the Eighth
Elizabeth II – Elizabeth the Second
Peter I – Peter the First
Dates are written and read in the following way:
1st September, 1986 - The first of September nineteen (hundred and) eighty-six
May 5, 2006 = May the fifth, twenty hundred and six or / thousand six or two thousand six
In British English dates are written numerically with the day first and American English the month comes first.
10/4/2005 - 10th April, 2005 (British)
4/10/2005 - 10th April, 2005 (American)
Cardinal numerals are also used to denote decades. In these cases the numeral takes the definite article and the ending -s.
the 50s, the 70s, the 1980s = the fifties, the seventies, the nineteen eighties
However, an apostrophe (') after the numeral may also occur here.
In the early 60's of the last century platform shoes were all vogue.
Vulgar Fractions
Vulgar fractionsDecimal fractions
⅛ an (one) eighth 0.125 (nought) point one two e
¼ a (one) quarter 0.25 (nought) point two five 4
⅓ a (one) third 0.33 (nought) point three three
½ a (one) half 0.75 (nought) point seven five
¾ three quarters
• Nought is used in mathematical calculations; oh in telephone numbers, ets.
Useful Phrases with Numerals
1. What shoe size are you? — I take a size 38 in shoes.
2. She is a size 12 in clothes.
3. The flat is roughly 360 square feet in size.
4. My bedroom is three metres by four.
5. She is two years older than me.
6. We were half an hour late.
7. Your flat is twice as big as ours.
8. She is a three-month-old baby.
He is a twenty-year-old youth.
Nick is a child of six.
9. He is doing seventy kilometres an hour.
10. He is leaving by the six thirty-five train.
11. I've told you about it a thousand times (thousands of times).
12. It's a two-minute walk from my house or
It's (a) two minutes' walk from my house.
13. He'll be back in half an hour.
14. An hour and a half is enough for the test.
15. He graduated from the University in the year of 2005.
16. Today is 25° above zero in the shade.
17. They were in their (early/mid/late) teens when I first met them.
18. She was a beautiful woman in her (early/mid/late) thirties.
Ex. 1. Write down the following numbers in words:
1st, 2, 2nd, 3, 3rd, 4, 40, 4th, 40th, 5, 5th, 8, 8th, 9, 9th, 12th, 20, 20th, 100, 1,000.
Ex. 2. Read and reproduce the stories.
History
A schoolboy was asked how many wars Spain had had in the fifteenth century.
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"Six," replied the boy promptly.
"Enumerate them," said the teacher.
"1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,” said the boy.
Counting Pigs
One day a farmer, who had twenty pigs, sent his servant to count them and see if they were all there. The servant came back slowly.
"Well," said his master, "are they all right?"
"Ah! I counted nineteen, but one little fellow ran about so fast I wasn't able to count him at all".
Ex. 3. Do the sums.
Model A: 2 + 5 = 7 Two plus (and) five is seven.
Model B: 7 – 3 = 4 Seven minus (take away) three is four.
Model C: 3 x 2 = 6 Three multiplied by (times) two is six.
Model D: 9: 3 = 3 Nine divided by three is three.
3+4= 12+13= 19-4= 195-70=
5+6= 14+15= 18-5= 280-52=
7+2= 16+17= 17-6= 467-13=
8+9= 18+19= 16-8= 748-23=
2x9= 9x3= 54:6= 72:8=
3x8= 8x4= 18:2= 45:9=
4x7= 7x5= 21:7= 90:6=
5x6= 6x6= 15:3= 24:3=
¼+¼= ⅛+¾= ⅜+⅛=
Ex. 4. Say that you have, want or offer something.
| I've got I haven’t got Have you got I want (need) I don’t want (need) Do you want (need) I’d like May I have Would you like | a one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve half a dozen a dozen | piece(s) of paper (chalk) loaf (loaves) / slice(s)of bread cup(s) of coffee (tea) bar(s) of soup tube(s)of toothpaste bottle(s) of milk (beer) glass(es) of water (milk) jug(s) of water (milk) bar(s) of chocolate packet(s) of biscuits box(es) of chocolate tin(s), can(s) of peas round(s) of sandwiches |
Ex. 5. Reproduce the dialogues. Make dialogues using the prompts.
1. — I'd like some stamps please.
— How many stamps would you like?
— Three please.
2. — May I have three stamps please?
— Of course. Anything else?
— No, thank you.
Prompts: four records, five tickets, six seats, half a dozen eggs, eight ice-creams, eleven bars of bottles of milk, two cups of coffee.
Ex. 6. Ask your neighbour the time.
Model: — What's the time please?
— It's five o'clock.
It's a quarter past (to) two.
It's half past four.
It's twenty eight minutes past (to) nine.
Prompts: 3.00; 6.15; 5.30; 8.00; 10.03; 7.35; 8.20; 4.45; 9.50; 7.20; 8.37;
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