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Предложения в прошедшем простом времени.
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1. I / He / She / It / We / You / They came to the Medical College at 8 o’clock yesterday.
I clean ed the room yesterday.
2. I didn’t come to the Medical College yesterday.
I didn’t clean the room yesterday.
3. Did you come to the Medical College yesterday? –Yes, I did / No, I didn’t.
Did you clean the room yesterday? –Yes, I did / No, I didn’t.
4. Did you come to the Medical College or to hospital yesterday?
Did you clean the room or the house yesterday?
5. I came to the Medical College yesterday, didn’t I?
I clean ed the room yesterday, didn’t I?
6. What did you do yesterday?
When did you come to the Medical College?
When did you clean the room?
Where did you come yesterday?
What room did you clean yesterday?
Who clean ed the room?
Who came to Medical School?
Глагол to be образует отрицательную и вопросительную форму без вспомогательного глагола did (аналогично его функционированию в настоящем простом времени):
1. I /He / She / It was busy.
We / You / They were busy.
2. I wasn’t busy.
They weren’t busy.
3. Was he busy? –Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
Were they busy?-Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
4. Was he busy or free?
Were they busy or free?
5. I was busy, wasn’t I?
They were busy, weren’t they?
6. When was he busy?
When were they busy?
Who was busy?
Прошедшее простое время употребляется для выражения действия, которое совершалось или совершилось в прошлом. Это время употребляется в повествовании для констатации какого-либо факта и для изложения последовательных событий. Такие предложения обычно содержат наречия времени:
yesterday ['jestqdeI]- вчера
the day before yesterday [Dq'deI bI'fL'jestqdeI] - позавчера
yesterday morning – вчера утром
yesterday afternoon - вчера днем
last night [lRst'naIt] - вчера вечером
last week - на прошлой неделе
last month - в прошлом месяце
last year - в прошлом году
an hour ago [qn'auq q'gqu] - час тому назад
a week ago - неделю тому назад
a month ago - месяц тому назад
a year ago - год тому назад.
I saw Mr. Robinson last week. Я видел мистера Робинсона на прошлой неделе.
We lived in Moscow 5 years ago. Мы жили в Москве 5 лет тому назад.
Yesterday we came home at 6, had dinner and went for a walk. Вчера мы пришли домой в 6 часов, пообедали и пошли на прогулку.
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Активная лексика
beach [bJC] - пляж
café ['kxfeI] - кафе
museum [mju 'zIqm] - музей
library ['laIbrqrI] - библиотека
zoo [zH] - зоопарк
aqua - park ['xkwq 'pRk] -аквапарк
disco ['dIskqu] - дискотека
circus ['sWkqs] - цирк
church [CWC] - церковь
either ['aIDq] - тоже (в отрицательных предложениях)
Moscow ['mOskqu] - Москва
Paris ['pxrIs] - Париж
Rome [rqum] - Рим
Madrid ['mxdrId] - Мадрид
St. Petersburg [seInt 'pJtqzbWg] - Санкт-Петербург
Russia ['rASq] - Россия
France [frRns] - Франция
Germany ['GWmqnI] - Германия
Italy ['ItqlI] - Италия
Spain [speIn] - Испания
Great Britain ['greIt 'brItn] - Великобритания
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the UK) [DI ju 'naItId 'kINdqm qv 'greIt 'brItn qnd 'nLDqn 'aIqlqnd] - Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии
England ['INglqnd] - Англия
Scotland ['skOtlqnd] - Шотландия
Wales [weIlz] - Уэльс
Northern Ireland ['nLDqn 'aIqlqnd] - Северная Ирландия
Наиболее употребительные неправильные глаголы
| Infinitive Инфинитив | Past Simple Прошедшее простое время | Причастие II (прошедшего времени) | Перевод |
| 1. be [bJ] 2. become [bI’kAm] 3. begin [bI’gIn] 4. bring [brIN] 5. buy [baI] 6. choose [CHz] 7. come [kAm] 8. cost [kOst] 9. do [dH] 10. draw[drL] 11. drink [drINk] 12. eat [Jt] 13. fall [fLl] 14. find [faInd] 15. forget [fq'get ] 16. get [get] 17. give [gIv] 18. go [gqu] 19. have [hxv] 20. hear [hIq] 21. know [nqu] 22. leave [lJv] 23. lose [lHz] 24. make [meIk] 25. meet [mJt] 26. pay [peI] 27. put [put] 28. read [rJd] 29. ring [rIN] 30. run [rAn] 31. say [seI] 32. see [sJ] 33. sell [sel] 34. show [Squ] 35. sit [sIt] 36. sleep [slJp] 37. speak [spJk] 38. spend [spend] 39. stand [stxnd] 40. swim [swIm] 41. take [teIk] 42. tell [tel] 43. think [TINk] 44. understand [,Andq’stxnd] 45. wake [weIk] 46. write [raIt] | was [wOz],were [wW] became [bI’keIm] began [bI’gxn] brought [brLt] bought [bLt] chose [Cquz] came [keIm] cost [kOst] did [dId] drew [drH] drank [drxNk] ate [et] fell [fel] found [faund] forgot [fq'gOt ] got [gOt] gave [geIv] went [went] had [hxd] heard [hWd] knew [njH] left [left] lost [lOst] made [meId] met [met] paid [peId] put [put] read [red] rang [rxN] ran [rxn] said [sed] saw [sL] sold [squld] showed [Squd] sat [sxt] slept [slept] spoke [spquk] spent [spent] stood [stud] swam [swxm] took [tuk] told [tquld] thought [TLt] understood [,Andq’stud] woke [wquk] wrote [rqut] | been [bJn] become [bI’kAm] begun [bI’gAn] brought [brLt] bought [bLt] chosen [Cquzn] come [kAm] cost [kOst] done [dAn] drawn [drLn] drunk [drANk] eaten [Jtn] fallen [fLlqn] found [faund] forgotten [fq'gOtn ] got [gOt] given [gIvn] gone [gOn] had [hxd] heard [hWd] known [nqun] left [left] lost [lOst] made [meId] met [met] paid [peId] put [put] read [red] rung [rAN] run [rAn] said [sed] seen [sJn] sold [squld] shown [Squn] sat [sxt] slept [slept] spoken [spqukn] spent [spent] stood [stud] swum [swAm] taken [teIkn] told [tquld] thought [TLt] understood [,Andq’stud] woken [wqukn] written [rItn] | быть становиться начинать(ся) приносить покупать выбирать приходить стоить делать рисовать, тащить пить, выпить кушать, есть падать, упасть находить забывать получать давать идти, ходить иметь слышать знать оставлять, покидать терять делать встречать платить класть читать звонить бежать говорить, сказать видеть продавать показывать сидеть спать говорить тратить, проводить стоять плавать брать, принимать сказать, рассказать думать понимать просыпаться писать |
Вопросы для повторения:
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1. Для описания каких действий в английском языке употребляется прошедшее простое время?
2. Какие обстоятельства времени можно употребить в прошедшем простом времени?
3. Каков вспомогательный глагол прошедшего простого времени?
4. Как образуются предложения в прошедшем простом времени с глаголом to be?
5. В каких случаях употребляется форма was (глагола to be), а в каких – were?
6. На какие две группы делятся все глаголы в английском языке по способу образования прошедшего простого времени?
7. Как образуются утвердительные предложения в прошедшем простом времени с правильными глаголами?
8. Как может произноситься окончание –ed?
9. Как образуются утвердительные предложения в прошедшем простом времени с неправильными глаголами?
10. Как образуются отрицательные предложения в прошедшем простом времени?
11. Как образуются вопросительные предложения в прошедшем простом времени?
EXERCISES
I. Give short answers to the following questions.
A. Pattern: Did you see him in Moscow?
Yes, I did. (No, I didn’t).
1. Did she come home late yesterday? ……………………………………………………………
2. Did you meet him at the party? …………………………………………………………………
3. Did you see the new film last night? ……………………………………………………………
4. Did the film begin at 7? …………………………………………………………………………
5. Did your friends visit you last week? …………………………………………………………..
6. Did your father go to America last year? ……………………………………………………….
B. Pattern: Was he at home in the evening?
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Yes, he was. (No, he wasn’t).
1. Was he at the pictures in the evening? …………………………………………………………
2. Was she at the party with you? …………………………………………………………………
3. Was she a good cook? …………………………………………………………………………..
4. Was he a doctor? ………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Were they nurses? ………………………………………………………………………………
6. Were they at home yesterday? ………………………………………………………………….
С.
1. Did it snow at night? …………………………………………………………………………….
2. Were you out in the evening? …………………………………………………………………...
3. Did you go to the skating-rink last week? ………………………………………………………
4. Was your father busy yesterday afternoon? …………………………………………………….
5. Did you have many English lessons last year? ………………………………………………….
6. Were your friends with you at the cinema? ……………………………………………………..
7. Did your friends like the film? …………………………………………………………………..
8. Did your mother meet you after the film? ………………………………………………………
9. Were you at home on Sunday? ………………………………………………………………….
10. Did she have many mistakes in her dictation? …………………………………………………
11. Was he at Medical School yesterday morning? ………………………………………………..
12. Was she a teacher? ……………………………………………………………………………..
II. Add question-tags to the following statements. Translate.
Pattern: She came yesterday.
She came yesterday, didn’t she?
1. You went for a walk at 10, ………………………………………………………………………
2. You were glad to see your teacher, ……………………………………………………………...
3. The snow began an hour ago, …………………………………………………………………...
4. You had a good dinner, ………………………………………………………………………….
5. He was with his friend at the party, ……………………………………………………………..
6. The car sparkled in the sun, ……………………………………………………………………..
7. The students had a party yesterday evening, ……………………………………………………
8. They went to the party with their friends, ……………………………………………………….
9. Your parents had guests yesterday, ……………………………………………………………...
10. You were there too, …………………………………………………………………………….
11. The guests left late at night, ……………………………………………………………………
12. You went for a walk early in the morning, …………………………………………………….
III. Make past forms of the verbs. Образуйте от глаголов прошедшее простое время. Переведите предложения.
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Pattern: I like music. – I lik ed music.
He comes to my house. – He came to my house.
1. I play computer games. ………………………………………………………………………….
2. He wants to go home. …………………………………………………………………………...
3. The driver stops the car. …………………………………………………………………………
4. He drinks tea every day. ………………………………………………………………………...
5. It begins to rain. …………………………………………………………………………………
6. They like our house. …………………………………………………………………………….
7. I stand here. ……………………………………………………………………………………...
8. My sister cleans the room. ………………………………………………………………………
9. The teacher gives us dictation. …………………………………………………………………..
10. He sits at his desk and writes a letter. ………………………………………………………….
11. Mary comes early. ……………………………………………………………………………...
12. The cat sees the fish on the table. ……………………………………………………………...
13. The dogs eat their dinner. ……………………………………………………………………...
14. The boys go for a walk. ………………………………………………………………………..
15. Richard knows George. ………………………………………………………………………..
16. I think about it. …………………………………………………………………………………
17. He studies English. …………………………………………………………………………….
18. I wash my hands every day. ……………………………………………………………………
19. He goes to school. ……………………………………………………………………………...
20. I hear the music. ………………………………………………………………………………..
IV. Make up affirmative and negative sentences. Составьте утвердительные и отрицательные предложения по образцу. Переведите предложения.
Pattern (Образец): I didn’t go to New York, I went to Chicago. (go)
1. We............................Jim, we …………….... Max. (meet)
2. He............................last Tuesday, he............last Thursday. (leave)
3. We ………………...Jack, we........................David. (see)
4. They..........................a Volvo, they................a Fiat. (buy)
5. You........................... the answer, Tom...…..the answer. (know)
6. I................................ my passport, I.............. my ticket. (find)
7. We............................ the pizza, we................ hot dogs. (have)
8. He…………………. a letter, he..................... a postcard. (write)
9. The film....………….at 6.30 p. m., it………. at 7. 30 p.m.(begin)
10. My sister................. at the theatre, she......... at the disco. (be)
V. Make up questions. Answer them. Составьте вопросы. Ответьте на них.
1. morning / you / time / get / up / what / in / the / did? …………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
2. supper / night / have / what / last / you / for / did? ……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
3.did / car / last / you / by / when / go? ……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. did / summer / go / where / last / you? ………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. do / what / Sunday / you / last / did? ……………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. visit / you / museum / a / last / did / when? ……………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
7. go / on / you / how / work / did / to / Monday? …………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
VI. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the right tense. Translate.
Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в нужном времени. Переведите. (Present, Past)
1. She……………………… at this school. (not / teach) ………………………………………….
2.I …………………………his family. (not / know) ……………………………………………..
3. …….You often …………them? (see) ………………………………………………………….
4.......... he …….....a shower every morning? (have) ……………………………………………...
5. Agatha Christle …………over 75 stories. (write) ………………………………………………
6. She …………….school last year. (start) ………………………………………………………..
7. She ……………………… to school yesterday. (not / go) ……………………………………
8. There ………an interesting film two days ago. (be) ……………………………………………
9. Where........ you…… for your holidays two years ago? (go) ……………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
10. Last week we …………at the library. (be) ……………………………………………………
VII. Answer the following questions. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1. When were you at the zoo last? …………………………………………………………………
2. When were you at the museum last time? ………………………………………………………
3. With whom did you go to the disco last week? …………………………………………………
4. Did you go to London last year? ………………………………………………………………...
5. Did you like to go to the circus when you were a child? ………………………………………..
6. Did you listen to the concert last night? ………………………………………………………...
7. When did you begin to study English? ………………………………………………………….
8. Did you do your homework in English yesterday? ……………………………………………...
9. How many books did you read last month? ……………………………………………………..
10. How many films did you see last week? ……………………………………………………….
VIII. Translate into English.
Вчера я проснулся в 7 часов утра. Я умылся, позавтракал и поехал в медицинский колледж. Я пришел в медицинский коллед в 7.50. Я учился до половины второго (till 1.30). Я пообедал и пошел на прогулку. После прогулки я делал домашнюю работу до ужина. После ужина я почитал книгу и лег спать.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
(ПРОШЕДШЕЕ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОЕ ВРЕМЯ)
The Past Continuous Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в прошедшем времени (was, were) и причастия I смыслового глагола.
| Утвердительная форма | Вопросительная форма | Отрицательная форма | ||
| I He was working. She It We You were working. They | Was Were | I he she it we you they | working? working? | I He wasn’t working. She It We You weren’t working. They |
The Past Continuous Tense употребляется для выражения законченного действия, которое совершалось в какой-то точно указанный момент или период времени в прошлом. В данном случае, как правило, в предложении содержится указание на час или отрезок времени, в течение которого совершалось действие.
I was working at 11 o’clock last night. Вчера вечером в 11 часов я работал.
Период времени в прошлом может быть указан:
а) обстоятельствами времени, такими как all day long - весь день; all the time - все время; the whole evening - весь вечер; from…to – от…до и др.
It was raining all day yesterday. Вчера целый день шел дождь.
б) другим действием, выраженным глаголом в Past Simple:
My son was sleeping when I came home yesterday. Мой сын спал, когда я пришел домой вчера.
Прошедшее длительное время может употребляться для выражения двух или более параллельных действий, происходивших одновременно:
While he was looking through the letters I was typing. Пока он просматривал письма, я печатал.
EXERCISES
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