 |
3. Which of the words are adjectives, adverbs? Why?
|
|
|
|
3. Which of the words are adjectives, adverbs? Why?
easily, equal, noisy, numerous, faulty, anticlockwise, eastwards, well, carelessly, powerful, traceable, good, simply, comfortable, useful, northward, dangerous, businesslike, naturally, inferior, bad
4. Distribute the words into four columns.
| Model: | what? | what kind of? | what to do? | how? |
| use | useful | to use | usefully |
insulator, failure, fail, addition, additional, overestimate, equal, equalize, equality, equally, different, differ, difference, resist, resistance, resistivity, resistant, commonly, consumer, faulty, impossibility, carelessly, number, numerous, possible, clockwise
5. a) How many parts does each word consist of? What are the stems?
Model: un- doubt -ed-ly
failure, indifferent, uncommonly, unequality, numerously, uselessly, noiseless, advantageous
b) Translate the words and their stems.
6. Form nouns by adding the suffixes -er, -or.
to work, to invent, to compose, to calculate, to operate, to act, to react, to emit, to transmit, to use, to combine
7. Form adverbs from adjectives by adding the suffix -ly:
easy, reasonable, usual, special, physical, functional, real, regular, magnetical, different, logical, mathematical, subsequent, consequent
8. a) Choose the proper suffixes and add them to the stems.
stems: equal-, foil-, add-, differ-, success-, common-, resist-
suffixes: -ure, -ly, -ence, -ition, -ful, -less, -ance, -ness
b) Translate the new words.
9. Form adjectives. Choose the proper suffixes and add them to the stems.
stems: differ, advantage, metal, structure, resist, use, reason, control, base
suffixes: -ous, -ic, -less, -ful, -able, -ent, -ant
10. Translate into Russian in writing:
1. Oxygen combines directly with nearly all elements.
2. Plastic materials are relatively new insulating materials.
3. Polythene cables have numerous advantages.
4. The importance of semiconductors for modem science cannot be underestimated.
5. Semiconductors conduct electricity less efficiently than metals.
6. The method proved to be efficient.
7. What resistance materials are in common use today?
Prefixes
Приставки
| Приставки | Примеры | Перевод |
| a-/ab- | aperiodic; abnormal | непериодичный; ненормальный |
| anti- | anti-aircraft | противовоздушный |
| co-/con- | co-axial; convergent | имеющий общую ось; сходящийся |
| counter- | to counteract | противодействовать |
| de- | to desalt | обессолить |
| dis- | disadvantage | недостаток |
| en- | to enlarge | увеличивать(ся) |
| ex- | ex-president | бывший президент |
| im-/in-/ir- | impossible; insignificant; irregular | невозможный; незначительный; нерегулярный |
| inter- | interconnection; interdependence | взаимосвязь; взаимозависимость |
| mis- | mislead | вводить в заблуждение |
| non- | non-conductor | непроводник |
| out- | output | мощность; выпуск |
| over- | to overestimate | переоценивать |
| re- | to reconstruct | перестраивать |
| semi- | semiconductor | полупроводник |
| sub- | submarine | подводный; подводная лодка |
| super- | superconductor | сверхпроводник |
| un- | unequal | неравный |
| under- | to underestimate | недооценивать |
11. Read the following words. What are their prefixes, stems, suffixes? Translate the words into Russian:
|
|
|
generate, inefficient, abnormally, underproduction, anticlockwise, counteraction, demagnetize, superconductor, unequality, misunderstand, unequally, equality, interrelation, non-conductor, input, simplify, waterless, irregularity, redden, enlargement, unreadable, southward, clockwise, fully, noisy, typically, impossible, superconductor
12. Translate the following commands:
1. Learn the rule, please.
2. Use additional resistors, please.
3. Include the data into the common list.
4. Do not underestimate the advantages of the new resistors!
5. Do not use the instrument.
13. Learn the following commands:
1. Heat the magnet, please!
2. Switch off the power, will you?
3. Use the superconductor!
14. Translate into Russian in writing:
Energy is the capacity for doing work. The various forms of energy, interconvertible by suitable means, include potential, kinetic, electrical, heat, chemical, nuclear, and radiant energy. Interconversion between these forms of energy occurs only in the presence of matter.
In the absence of matter energy can only exist in the form of radiant energy.
Test
Choose the correct form:
1. The aluminium plant is a (consumer, consumption) of the (local, locally) generated electric power.
2. The (new, newly) built shops are (importance, important) for the future of the power plant.
3. Nuclear energy is energy released during a nuclear (reactor, reaction) as a result of (convertible, conversion) of mass into energy.
4. Uranium is a (comparison, comparable, comparatively) rare element.
5. The most (importance, important) problems in (atom, atomic) power (generator, generation) are connected with the reactor. Reactor (technologist, technology) is still in (progressive, progress). The light-water reactor types seem most (usefulness, usefully, useful).
Conversion
Конверсия
В отличие от русского языка, в английском языке одно и то же слово может выступать в предложении в качестве разных частей речи. Так, в данных ниже предложениях слово water является существительным (1), глаголом (2), играет роль прилагательного (определения) (3), является частью сложного слова (4).
|
|
|
1. Water is necessary for life. - Вода необходима для жизни.
2. Water the flower-bed, please. - Полей(те), пожалуйста, клумбу.
3. Water mills served a source of energy. - Водяные мельницы служили источником энергии.
4. water-supply system - система водоснабжения
water-proof watch - водонепроницаемые часы
Значения подобных слов и их перевод на русский язык зависят от того, каким членом предложения они являются. Они могут быть подлежащим, сказуемым (или его частью), определением, обстоятельством. Функцию слова помогает определить твердый порядок слов в английском предложении и контекст.
|
|
|
