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II. Перевод абсолютных конструкций с предлогом with
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II. ПЕРЕВОД АБСОЛЮТНЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ С ПРЕДЛОГОМ WITH
В письменной публицистической речи широко распространено использование абсолютных номинативных конструкций c причастием 1 или 2, вводимых предлогом WITH, а также номинативной конструкций без причастия.
Данные конструкции имеют следующий вид:
With +NOUN + PARTICIPLE 1
With+ NOUN + PARTICIPLE 2
WITH +NOUN+ prepositional phrase
Эти обороты тесно связаны с главным составом предложения и используются в основном в функции обстоятельств причины, следствия, сопутствующих обстоятельств. Значение этих конструкций, а, следовательно, и перевод, зависит от их положения в составе предложения.
Внимание: Предлог With при переводе на русский язык опускается.
Абсолютные конструкции, стоящие в начале предложения чаще всего переводятся обстоятельствами причины, деепричастиями, деепричастными оборотами, или придаточными предложениями и вводятся предлогами, союзами и союзными словами из-за; по причине; так как; при том что; учитывая…
Абсолютные конструкции, стоящие в конце предложения они чаще всего используются для выражения сопутствующих обстоятельств и переводятся деепричастными оборотами, самостоятельными предложениями, с союзами при этом, так как, причём, и, а, а также отдельными предложениями.
Например:
1. With Republicans taking control of the House, climate legislation is unlikely to surface for at least two years.
Так как республиканцы теперь контролируют палату представителей, законодательство по изменению климата вряд ли будет рассмотрено по крайней мере в течение ближайших двух лет.
2. With the summit overshadowed by the shocking events in Paris , Turnbull used a bilateral meeting with the French foreign minister, Laurent Fabius, to reiterate Australia’s support.
Так как встреча в верхах была омрачена шокирующими событиями в Париже, Тернбулл воспользовался возможностью двусторонней встречи с министром иностранных дел Франции с Лораном Фабиусом для того, чтобы вновь заявить о поддержке со стороны Австралии.
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3. Instead of expecting a new national ideology to emerge on its own, Russia must pursue and develop its unique identity – with Putin leading the way.
Вместо того, чтобы ждать, пока новая национальная идеология возникнет сама по себе, Россия должна следовать своей уникальной идентичности и развивать её, и возглавлять этот процесс должен Путин.
4. With U. S. resources stretched thin, one-way streets are not in Washington’s best interests.
Учитывая, что ресурсы США перенапряжены, односторонние действия не в интересах Вашингтона.
Подобным же образом переводятся номинативные конструкции с WITH, не содержащие причастий, при этом в этом случае оборот чаще всего переводится учитывая:
5. With America in decline , Europe would be less willing and able to reach out and incorporate Ukraine into an expanding Western community.
Учитывая, что Америка переживает упадок, у Европы будет меньше желания и возможности прийти на помощь Украине и интегрировать её в расширяющееся западное сообщество.
или
При том, что Америка переживает упадок, у Европы будет меньше желания и возможности прийти на помощь Украине и интегрировать её в расширяющееся западное сообщество.
Exercise 19. Translate into Russian:
- With Democrats imploding, it’s beginning to look a lot like 2004.
- With geopolitical tensions growing, the US needs allies now more than ever.
3. With its every attack on higher education, both fiscal and physical, the Modi government pushes India closer to disaster.
- With real spending per student having fallen by almost half, the country’s colleges and universities have struggled to uphold quality standards.
- With so much at stake, are American government experts on Ukraine vigorously debating how to handle this daunting challenge more effectively? Not a chance.
- 6 . With the gutting of UNRWA, the relationship between Washington and Ramallah will get worse before it gets better—assuming it gets any better at all.
- With former German Defense Minister Ursula von der Leyen assuming the presidency of the European Commission, the European Union now has a new executive.
- With a fourth 2018 summit between Kim and South Korean President Moon Jae-in now in the works, it is clear that Moon’s political future is tied to rapprochement.
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- After three years of the Trump administration, the economic costs of " America First" are continuing to mount, with global trade and GDP growth slowing and investment in decline.
- With 100, 000-plus blue-helmeted soldiers and police on a score of missions across the world, it has easily the biggest capacity as a neutral arbiterfor stopping death and destruction.
11. With the global geopolitical center of gravity shifting toward Asia, a pluralistic, rules-based Indo-Pacific order is more important than ever, including for America’s own global standing.
- While economic growth in the last year has been lackluster, with GDP expanding by 2. 3 percent in 2018 and on course to grow by only about 1 percent this year, at the microeconomic level things look a lot rosier.
- With the emergence of an increasingly complex, transnational and interrelated global economy , America’s economic hegemony has been challenged by rising powers, as well as by more coordinated European allies.
- 14. The program covers 19 sectors including defense, car manufacture and electronics, with measures including low-interest loans, tax breaks and mandatory preference for services and equipment from Russia and other EEU countries in government tenders.
15. 15. The meeting featured the signing of deals on energy development, talks about Syria (where Russia and Iran have supported the same side in the civil war but also are in competition for post-war influence) and discussions of the future of the Iran nuclear agreement , with such discussions underscoring the self-isolation of the United States under the Trump administration.
PRACTICING TRANSLATION
Exercise 20. Translate the excerpts in writing, learn the words and expressions given in bold type:
1. 1. The principal foreign policy objective of any respectable government is to ensure one’s security and create an external environment conducive to economic growth at home. But that is not enough. A great power must have some kind of mission. Russia’s mission could be to maintain the world’s geopolitical balance and strengthen security in various parts of Greater Eurasia and the continent as a whole in a way that is consistent with international law and involves the combination of skillful diplomacy and the proportionate use of military force.
2. 2. Russia is one of the few countries in the world that instinctively refuses to submit to others’ hegemony, dominance, or leadership. Both Russian political elites and Russian society as a whole value Russia’s sovereignty above the benefits, economic and otherwise, of ceding sovereignty and are able to defend Russia’s sovereignty by political and military means—a rare thing in international affairs. Indeed, few other states are prepared to stake out such a position to preserve their freedom of action.
3. Here is a gigantic nation covering one-eighth of the world’s inhabited land area, bursting with talent, a historical ally of the West against Europe’s worst tyrants (e. g. Napoleon Bonaparte and Adolf Hitler) and against fascism. This is the Russia of boundless resilience, of deep culture, of Tolstoy and Pushkin and Lermontov and Solzhenitsyn, a place for which many in Britain and elsewhere reserve a degree of fondness and admiration, and a vast and resource-rich part of the global community whose cooperation is essential in stabilizing the world around us.
- For Russia, the breakup of the Soviet Union was a geopolitical and psychological cataclysm that undid three centuries of geopolitical advance and cast in doubt Russia’s standing as a consequential power . But, if anything, * the breakup, along with the broader geopolitical trends, has reinforced traditional Russian views on security and prosperity, witness the continuing efforts to maintain Russia’s preeminence in the former Soviet space, its security buffer, against encroachments by the West and China. At the same time, Putin has continued to portray Russia as a leading advocate of a just world order in line with traditional notions of exceptionalism as a way of enhancing Russia’s global appeal.
*if anything- зд. если уж на то пошло; как бы то ни было
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5. Putin’s success in restoring Russia’s role in world affairs is usually ascribed to his “aggressive” policies, but it is better understood as a realization of what is characterized in Moscow as the “philosophy of Russian foreign policy” since Putin became leader in 2000. It has three professed tenets. The first goal of foreign policy is to protect Russia’s “sovereignty, ” which is said to have been lost in the disastrous post-Soviet 1990s. The second is a kind of Russia-first nationalism or patriotism: to enhance the well-being of the citizens of the Russian Federation. The third is ecumenical: to partner with any government that wants to partner with Russia. This “philosophy” is, of course, non- or un-Soviet, which was heavily ideological, at least in its professed ideology and goals.
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