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4. Insert the missing words into the blanks
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4. Insert the missing words into the blanks
| motive, engine, consists, mechanism, drive, shaft, wheels, device, rotate, rear-axle, gearbox, located |
The power from the 1__________ to the 2___________ wheels is transmitted through the transmission which 3____________ of the following mechanisms: clutch, gearbox and differential. Gearbox is a 4____________ regulating the 5____________ power of the engine, which is transmitted to the drive 6___________ of the automobile. Through drive 7____________ power is transmitted from the engine to the 8_____________. It is 9___________ between the 10___________and the rear-axle. Differential is the 11___________ that permits the rear wheels 12__________at different speeds independently one of the other.
5. Complete the sentences using the following words: cardan shaft, the clutch, cylinders, the power, springs, wheels;
1. The power train carries ____________ from the engine to the car __________.
2. The power transmission, in turn, contains _____________, gearbox, propeller
or ___________, final drive, differential, rear axle and axle shafts.
3. The running gear consists of a frame with axles, wheels and _______________.
4. Most automobile engines have six or eight _______________.
6. Mark the statements as true (T) or false (F)
1. The chassis includes eight cylinders. _____ _
2. The power transmission contains steering system. ______
3. The engine is the source of power that makes the wheels rotate and the car move. _____ _
4. The engine includes fuel, cooling, lubricating and electric systems. ______
5. The running gear consists of a frame with axles, wheels and springs. _____ _
6. Car brakes can be divided into two types, namely: drum brakes and band brakes.
7. Nowadays all cars are equipped with all-wheels brakes.
7. Choose the verb form in brackets
The driving system (includes / is included) the clutch, transmission, driveline, differential and rear axle. The driving system (is carried / carries) power to the driving wheels from the engine. A clutch or torque converter (connects/is connected) to the engine crankshaft to effectively disconnect or connect the engine with the driveline.
The function of the transmission is to (provide / providing) gear reduction, which (is produced / produces) high torque to start the automobile from rest and drive it up the steep grades. It also (is produced / produces) a reverse gear for backing the automobile. A propeller shaft (requires/is required) to transmit the engine power to the rear axle. The differential (is enabled / enables) the driving wheels to turn at different speeds which is necessary when the driver (turns / is turned) the car.
8. Make the sentences negative and interrogative
1. The power from the engine to the drive wheels is transmitted through the transmission.
2. The transmission provides for three or four forward speeds and one reverse speed.
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3. It consists of two shafts, each with gears of varying diameters.
4. Gearbox regulates the motive power of the engine.
5. Engine’s power is transmitted to the drive wheels of the automobile.
6. Power is transmitted from the engine to the rear-axle through drive shaft.
7. It is located between the gearbox and the rear-axle.
8. Differential enables the rear wheels to revolve at different speeds independently one of the other.
9. Read and translate the sentences
1. The typical brake system consists of disk brakes in front and either disk or drum brakes in the rear connected by a system of tubes and hoses.
2. A typical dual-circuit braking system in which each circuit acts on both front wheels and one rear wheel.
3. The drum type may be either a band brake or a shoe brake.
4. The engine is located either in the front, mid-ship or rear.
5. The brake designs are either drum type or disc type.
6. The drive of a motorcar can be performed both by the front wheels and rear wheels.
7. The suspension system is provided both on front end and rear end of the vehicle.
8. Power plants used in almost all vehicles are either gasoline (petrol) or diesel engines.
10. Read and translate noun groups
transmission mechanism, engine power, accelerator pedal, gear selection, wheel-suspension system, front-wheel suspension, body construction, suspension system, chassis frame, frame construction, front-axle and rear-axle suspensions, suspension members, automobile engine, engine torque, engine speed, automobile transmission, selection process, transmission control units, vehicle emission control systems, transportation means, friction device, car movement, power transmission units fuel system, axle shaft, windshield wiper
11. Translate the texts A and B
A
A brake is a device that uses a controlled force to reduce the speed of or stop a moving vehicle, or to hold the vehicle stationary. The automobile has a friction brake at each wheel. When the brake is applied, a stationary surface moves into contact with a moving surface. The resistance to relative motion or rubbing action between the two surfaces slows the moving surface, which slows and stops the vehicle.
B
The power from the engine to the drive wheels is transmitted through the transmission which is composed of the following mechanisms: clutch is a device which permits the engine to be connected with, or disconnected from, the transmission mechanisms, so that the car may, or may not, move while the engine is running. Gearbox is a mechanism regulating the motive power of the engine, which is transmitted to the drive wheels of the automobile. Through drive shaft power is transmitted from the engine to the rear-axle. It is located between the gearbox and the rear-axle.
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