 |
Listening . 12.Listen to the text. For questions 1-6 choose the best answer a, b or c. 13. Do the test. USE OF ENGLISH. 1. Fill in the gaps in the following text with the correct form of the words
|
|
|
|
Listening
12. Listen to the text. For questions 1-6 choose the best answer a, b or c
1. When we describe an automobile the word “clutch” means a ___________.
a) function of a device
b) mechanism
c) part of running gear
2. When the clutch is connected with the transmission the car___________________________
a) stops
b) moves
c) slows down
3. The clutch is connected to the ___________________.
a) flywheel
b) rear-axle
c) engine
4. When the transmission gears are in " neutral" position the power is transmitted to_________________.
a) rear-axle
b) gears
c) secondary shaft
5. The car moves faster or slower when the clutch gears are ________________.
a) engaged
b) disengaged
c) in neutral position
6. The function of the clutch pedal is to __________the flywheel and the clutch.
a) connect
b) disconnect
c ) both connect and disconnect
13. Do the test
USE OF ENGLISH
1. Fill in the gaps in the following text with the correct form of the words
| 1. Gearbox is a mechanism _______________the | regulate |
| 2 motive ________ of the engine, which is | powerful |
| 3. ________________ to the drive wheels of the | transmit |
| 4. automobile. Through _______ shaft power | propel |
| 5. ___________transmitted from the engine to the | be |
| 6. rear-axle. It is __________ between the gearbox | locate |
| 7. and the rear-axle. _____________ is the device | differ |
| 8. that enables the rear wheels to __________ at | rotated |
| 9. different speeds ___________ one of the other. | independent |
2. In this text some lines contain a word that should not be there. Decide which line contains them and correct
1. The clutch is fixed between of the flywheel
2. of the engine and the gearbox which
3. is consists of two plates (discs): the friction
4. disc and the pressure a disc. The friction
5. disc is situated between the flywheel
6. and the pressure plate and has have
7. a hard-wearing material on each side.
3. For questions 1-5 read the text and decide which answer a, b or c best fits each space
The principal operation of the clutch is a 1______________ force acting between two discs. The clutch is 2___________ by the clutch pedal. When the pedal is at rest the clutch is 3____________ and the running engine is connected to the 4____________. When the pedal is pressed down the clutch is disengaged and the engine 5___________ idly.
1. a) frictional b) friction c) fractionize
2. a) controlling b) control c) controlled
3. a) engage b) disengage c) engaged
4. a) differential b) gearbox c) final drive
5. a) run b) runs c) ran
4. Read the text and think of the word which best fits each space
|
|
|
There are two sets of brakes, one for ordinary service, called the 1____________brakes, and the other for emergency use, called the 2____________ brakes. Sometimes both 3____________ mounted inside the same drum. Sometimes one is outside and the other – inside. The service brake is operated by a 4___________. The emergency brake is 5_____________ by a lever.
5. Express the same idea using the words in bold
1. The clutch is controlled by the clutch pedal.
mechanism controlling
2. The power of the engine is delivered first to the flywheel and then to the clutch.
engine power
3. Drum type as well as disk type of brakes are used in vehicles.
Both …. and
UNIT VI. EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION
ENGINE
Vocabulary
1. Read the words and guess their meaning
| Machine, energy, piston, diesel, construction, classification, gas, oil, kerosene, mechanical, mobile, automobile, modern, group, subgroup, patent |
Word formation
| Производные слова состоят из основы (корня) и суффиксов и префиксов. Например: heat – heated – overheated. Существительные образуются с помощью суффиксов –er (or), -eer, -ment, -tion (-sion, -ion), -ity и ряда других. |
2. Look through the words in exercise 3 and underline nouns
3. Learn the words and translate their derivatives. Work with your partner and make sure that you know all the words
Combust (v) – combustion, combustible, combustor;
Engine (n) - engineer, engineman, engineering;
Heat (v) – heating, heated, heater;
Convert (v) – conversion, converter, convertible, converting, converted;
Divide (v) – division, divider, dividing, divided;
Operate (v)– operation, operator, operating, operated;
Cycle (n) – cyclic;
Produce (v)– production, producer, product, productivity, producing, produced;
Press (v)– pressing, pressed, pressure, compress, compression
Move (v) – movement, motion, mover, prime mover, moving, moved
Power (n)– powerful, powerless, powerhouse, power plant;
Power (v) – powered;
Equip (v)– equipment, equipped;
Suit (v)– suitable, suitability;
Invent (v)– invention, inventor, inventive;
Require (v)– requirement, required;
Internal (adj) – external;
Stroke (n) – two-stroke cycle, four-stroke cycle;
Success (n)– successful, successfully;
4. Now read and translate the text paying attention to the words in italics
History of the Internal Combustion Engine
In 1680 a Dutch physicist, Christian Huygens designed (but never built) an internal combustion engine. In 1807 de Rivaz invented an internal combustion engine that used coal gas as a fuel. Rivaz designed a car for his engine – the first internal combustion powered automobile. In 1860 the first internal combustion engine for commercial use was built by Etienne Lenoir. Although this engine had a thermal efficiency of only 4%, hundreds of engineswere used. A few years later, a Frenchman, de Rochas, proposed the operation of a four-stroke-cycle engine which is used in present-day automobiles. The next development in the history of the internal combustion engine came in 1866 when Nikolaus Otto invented a more efficient gas engine. In 1876 Otto invented and patented a four-stroke engine, known as the “Otto cycle engine”.
|
|
|
|
|
|
