XIV. 1. Read Text B. 2. What treatment would you administer a patient with rheumatic endocarditis? 3. Why must such a patient be followed up?

Text B. The Treatment of Rheumatic Endocarditis

The patient with the diagnosis of rheumatic endocarditis was treated at the in-patient department. He was administered antibiotic therapy to eliminate the primary focus of infection. He was also administered Adonis preparations to control cardiovascular insufficiency. The preparations of Adonis were adminis­tered in the dosage of a tablespoonful three times a day. The patient took aspirin in the dosage of 1 gr four times a day.

The physician recommended the patient's diet to be nourishing and con­taining many vitamins. But his diet had to be limited in salt. The patient was allowed only a limited amount of fluid.

The patient had been following the administered treatment for 45 days. By that time his condition had become much better.

Having been discharged from the hospital he had to come to the out-patient department for regular follow-up examinations. In spring and autumn he had to undergo aspirin and bicillin treatment to prevent the recurrence of the disease.

XV. Choose the sentences corresponding to Texts A and B:

1. a) The patient was administered vitamin therapy for his better nourish­ing, b) The patient was administered antibiotic therapy to eliminate the primary focus of infection. 2. a) The patient complained of a general malaise, early fa­tigue on exertion, cardiac discomfort and palpitation, b) The patient complained of cold perspiration at night, loss of appetite and weight.

XVI. Choose the correct answer:

1. What disease may the onset of rheumatic endocarditis be preceded by? (a) It may be preceded by tonsillitis; b) It may be preceded by lung abscess.) 2. What examination can the enlargement of the heart be determined by? (a) It can be determined by percussion and X-ray examination; b) It can be deter­mined by electrocardiogram.) 3. What must the diet of a patient with rheumatic endocarditis contain? (a) It must contain much salt; b) It must contain many vitamins.)

LESSON 38

HOME ASSIGNMENTS

I. По данным словам переведите однокоренные:

sufficient недостаточный, недостаточность, достаточно; locate распо­ложенный, местный, расположение; involve пораженный (вовлеченный), поражение (вовлечение); prepare препарат, подготовленный; limit огра­ниченный, ограничение

II. Разделите следующие сложные слова на их составные части и переведите каждую часть:

toothache, cardiovascular, tablespoonful, earache, stomachache, breastbone, gallbladder, overdosage, headache

HI. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на выделенные слова и словосочетания:

1. Строгий постельный режим последовал за диагнозом сердечной недостаточности. 2. За приступом боли в груди последовала общая сла­бость. 3. После рецидива ревматического эндокардита больной вновь по­ступил в больницу. 4. Чтобы проследить отдаленные результаты у боль-

187ного, врач вызывал его в поликлинику несколько раз. 5. У некоторых боль­ных, состоящих на учете, были выявлены неблагоприятные изменения в печени. 6. Все больные с подозрением на рак должны проходить после­дующие обследования регулярно.

IV.* Употребите сложное дополнение, раскрыв скобки и произведя соответствующие изменения:

1. The X-ray examination confirmed (that the patient had) organic changes in the mitral, aortic and tricuspid valves. 2. The physician determined (that the primary focus of infection had been eliminated) due to antibiotic therapy. 3. Physicians consider (that the loss of weight is) one of the typical signs of pulmonary tuberculosis.

V. Из инфинитивов, данных в скобках, образуйте сложные формы причастий; предложения переведите:

1. (to have been treated) with Adonis preparations for several weeks the patient stated that his breathlessness had decreased. 2. (to have listened) to the patient's heart the doctor believed him to suffer from cardiac insufficiency. 3. (to be fed) with the nourishing diet containing many vitamins the patient began to gain weight.

VI. Выучите следующие слова:

note [naut] v отмечать; замечать

radiate ['reidieit] v распространять(ся), излучать(ся)

frequently ['friikwantli] adv часто; многократно

incidence ['msidans] n число случаев, частота (заболеваний)

overstrain ['auva'strem] и перенапряжение, чрезмерное усилие

disturbance [dis't3:bans] n расстройство; нарушение; повреждение

diminish [di'minifj ууменьшать(ся); убавлять(ся); слабеть; ослаблять

deviate ['di:vieit] v отклоняться, отступать (от нормы)

adequate ['aedikwit] а соответствующий; подходящий

rise (rose, risen) v подниматься

VII. Переведите следующие словосочетания:

1. the pain radiated to the back; 2. considerable disturbances of metabolic rate; 3. a frequent sharp pain in the substernal area; 4. the diminished waves of electrocardiogram; 5. marked deviations in the electrocardiogram readings; 6. the overstrain may produce nervous system disturbances; 7. to administer an adequate dose of this preparation

VIII. 1. Прочитайте текст С. 2. Найдите и переведите предложе­ния, в которых употребляется а) сложное дополнение, б) слово 'one',

определите его функцию. 3. Напишите семь вопросов по содержанию текста, так чтобы охватить каждый абзац. 4. Составьте план текста:

Text С. Angina Pectoris

On being admitted to the in-patient department the patient complained of pain in the chest.

He had been suffering from pain of various intensity in the chest and behind the breastbone for several weeks. The patient noted the pain to radiate to the left shoulder and down the arm. The patient also observed the pain have been grow­ing worse on moving and on physical exertion. He stated that it frequently be­gan suddenly at night during sleep.

During the attacks of pain he was covered with cold perspiration and his face was pale. The incidence of attacks was frequently associated with physical and mental overstrain.

On physical examination the doctor revealed areas of very sensitive skin from the 7th cervical vertebra to the 5th upper thoracic one. On percussion, palpation and auscultation of the heart no significant abnormality was revealed.

The electrocardiogram taken during the attack showed a disturbance in the coronary blood circulation. The most important readings of the electrocardio­gram were either diminished or deviated. By having repeated the electrocardio­gram after the end of the attack the cardiologist found the adequate readings of the electrocardiogram to return to normal ones.

During the attacks of moderate pain no changes in the peripheral blood or elevation of body temperature were noted. However the temperature rose insig­nificantly and there was an accompanying slight leucocytosis when the attacks of pain were particularly severe.

The doctor made the diagnosis of angina pectoris with a severe course. Its main cause was atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.

CLASS ASSIGNMENTS

IX. Form new words by adding the prefixes. Translate the words:

a) un-: doubtful, favourable, impaired, preserved, treated

b) intra-: tracheal, abdominal, venous, muscular, cellular

c) sub-: acute, febrile, cutaneous, sternal, divide

d) over-: dosage, strain, work, estimate, pressure, weight

X. Choose the appropriate participle given in brackets. Translate the sentences:

1.... an acute pain in the heart which radiated to the shoulder the patient was administered a strict bed regimen, (being developed; having developed; devel­oping; having been developed) 2.... for rheumatic endocarditis at the in-patient

189department the patient was discharged from the hospital in good state, but had to be followed-up at the out-patient department, (having treated; treating; being treated; having been treated)

XL Translate into English using Complex Object with Participle:

1. Дежурная сестра слышала, как больная в палате № 6 кашляла всю ночь. 2. Мы видели, как показания электрокардиограммы постепенно изменялись. 3. Студенты наблюдали, как лечащий врач прослушивал сердце у больного.

XII. Give the English equivalents of the words in brackets. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. Last year for several weeks the patient had been suffering from constant cardiac pain (распространявшуюся вниз по руке). 2. (Нарушения тока крови) were revealed by numerous instrumental examinations. 3. Having undergone a course of (соответствующих инъекций) the patient stated that the cardiac pain considerably decreased. 4. (Физическое и психическое перенапряжение) in­creases the incidence of heart attacks in persons suffering from angina pectoris.

XIII. Finish the sentences choosing the appropriate statement to corre­spond to Text C:

1. For several days the patient had been suffering from... (a) pains of vari­ous intensity in the chest and behind the breastbone; b) severe attacks of pro­ductive cough which occurred at night and in the morning) 2. It was revealed that the patient had areas of particularly sensitive skin... (a) over the anterior surface of the chest from the 2nd to the 4th rib; b) from the 7th cervical vertebra to the 5th upper thoracic one)

XIV. 1. Read Text D. 2. Entitle it. 3. What data important for a future doctor does it contain? 4. Put questions:

TextD

Last year my father was ill with angina pectoris. He suffered from constant attacks of chest pain. He was admitted to the in-patient department.

After he had undergone all the necessary laboratory examinations and sev­eral electrocardiograms had been taken both during the attack of chest pain and at the time when the chest pain was relieved the cardiologist administered him an adequate treatment.

To relieve a sharp pain in very severe attacks my father was given the injec­tions of 1% omnopon solution. It was given in combination with 0.5 ml of a 0.1% atropine solution.

 

If the attacks were mild or moderate he took nitroglycerin in an adequate dose of 3 drops. Nitroglycerin was dropped on some sugar which my father put under the tongue. My father said that nitroglycerin relieved the pain immedi­ately and a moderate attack or a mild one was controlled within 3 or 5 minutes. The cardiologist explained that nitroglycerin relieved the spasm of coronary arteries which caused chest pain.

My father stayed in the hospital for about two weeks. Now he is followed-up at the out-patient department. His condition has considerably improved. The last electrocardiogram readings were neither diminished nor deviated.

LESSON 39

HOME ASSIGNMENTS

1. 1. Сгруппируйте (письменно) слова по частям речи и подчер­кните в них суффиксы:

various, severity, hospitalize, doubtful, radiation, favourable, sensitive, in­cidence, measure, disturbance, frequently, slightly, duration, characterize, im­provement, eliminate, rupture

2. Сгруппируйте (письменно) однокоренные слова:

dilate, disturb, eliminate, unit, different, dilated, union, eliminated, differ, recurrence, dilatation, disturbance, elimination, unite, recur, difference, undilated, unity, disturbing

II. Прочитайте сообщения и запомните факты, о которых в них говорится:

Do you know that

1. at rest the blood makes a complete circle in our body within 20-25 sec­onds? 2. within 70 years of life the human heart contracts about 2.5 milliard times and pumps 145 million litres of blood? 3. at rest the human heart pumps 4 litres of blood per minute but on great physical exertion 40 litres? 4. the man can live without water for 10 days and without food for more than a month?

III. Запомните чтение следующих слов и переведите их: academician [ajcasda'mifn], coronary [Ъэгэпэп], defect [di'fekt], bio­chemical fbai3(u)'kemik(3)l], manipulation [m3_/nipju^/leif(3)n], interval ['mt3v(3)l], characterize ['kaenktaraiz], hypothermia [,Ьа1рэ(и)'9з:гп1э]

IV. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания: suffer f'sAfo] (from) v страдать; переносить congenital [kan'd3enitl] а врожденный

besides [bi'saidz] adv кроме того; prp кроме

failure ['feilja] n остановка; повреждение; нарушение

heart failure внезапная остановка сердечной деятельности (паралич

сердца, остановка сердца)

fibrillation [,faibn'leijh] n трепетание, фибрилляция arrest [a'rest] п остановка, задержка; прекращение; v задерживать,

(при)останавливать

damage ['dӘemid3] n повреждение, поражение; v повреждать result [n'zAlt] in v заканчиваться, приводить к чему-л.; result from про­исходить в результате, быть следствием danger ['demd39] n опасность exclude [iks'klu:d] v исключать bandage f'bsendid3] v перевязывать; п повязка incision [m'si3n] n разрез

V. Прочитайте и переведите следующие слова и словосочетания:

1. congenital [k9n'd3enitl]: congenital disease, congenital heart defect, to suffer from a congenital heart defect

2. failure ['feilj э]: heart failure, cardiac failure, to reveal heart failure, to prevent the development of heart failure

3. result [n'zAlt]: to result in the impairment of heart function, the inflam­mation resulted from infection

VI. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания, обращая вни­мание на предлоги:

in the presence of, to result in, to result from, to suffer from, to be operated on for smth, to be preceded by, a damage to some organ, because of a bad state, within a certain period of time

VII. Составьте вопросы к данным ответам:

1. Yes, there are about ten main kinds of congenital heart defects which can be treated both therapeutically and surgically. 2. Yes, heart defects result in the impairment of heart functions and the changes in its anatomical structure. 3. Yes, heart failure may occur during the operation on the heart.

VIII. 1. Прочитайте текст Е. 2. Найдите и переведите предложения а) с усилительной конструкцией 'it is... that'; б) с глаголом в одном из времен группы Perfect Continuous; в) с местоимениями в качестве за­менителей существительных. 3. Выпишите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

при наличии этих нарушений, порок сердца, выявление сердечных шумов

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