ECU (engine) self-diagnostic function

 

The ECU (engine) is equipped with a self-diagnostic function in order to ensure that the fuel injec-tion system is operating normally. If this function detects a malfunction in the system, it immediately operates the engine under substitute characteristics and illuminates the engine trouble warning light to alert the rider that a malfunction has occurred in the system. Once a malfunction has been detected, a fault code is stored in the memory of the ECU (engine).

 

DD To inform the rider that the fuel injection system is not functioning, the engine trouble warning light flashes when the start switch is being pushed to start the engine.

 

EE If a malfunction is detected in the system by the self-diagnostic function, the ECU (engine) pro-vides an appropriate substitute characteristic operation, and alerts the rider of the detected mal-function by illuminating the engine trouble warning light.

 

FF After the engine has been stopped, the lowest fault code number appears on the clock LCD. Once a fault code has been displayed, it remains stored in the memory of the ECU (engine) until it is deleted.

 

EAS00900

Engine trouble warning light indication and FI system operation

 

Warning light	ECU (engine) opera-	FI operation	Vehicle operation
indication	tion
Flashing*	Warning provided	Operation stopped	Can not be operated
	when unable to start
	engine
Remains ON	Malfunction detected	Operated with substi-	Can or cannot be
		tute characteristics in	operated depending
		accordance with the	on the fault code
		description of the mal-
		function.

 

Й The warning light flashes when any one of the conditions listed below is present and the start switch is pushed:

12: Crankshaft position sensor	41: Lean angle cut-off switch
(open or short-circuit)
19: Sidestand switch
50: ECU (engine) internal malfunction
(open circuit in the wire to the ECU
(faulty ECU (engine) memory)
(engine))
30: Lean angle cut-off switch
(latch up detected)

 

7 - 3

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM		FI

EAS00901

Checking for a defective engine trouble warning light bulb

 

The engine trouble warning light comes on for 1.4 seconds after the main switch has been turned to “ON” and when the start switch is being pushed. If the warning light does not come on under these conditions, the warning light bulb may be defective.

 

 

Main switch Main switch

 

OFF ON

 

Engine trouble Light Light on for 1.4 Light

 

warning light off seconds off

 

Initialize

 

 

EAS00902

ALTERNATE INSTRUCTIONS OPERATION CONTROL (FAIL-SAFE ACTION)

 

If the ECU (engine) detects an abnormal signal from a sensor while the vehicle is being driven, the ECU (engine) illuminates the engine trouble warning light and provides the engine with alternate operating instructions that are appropriate for the type of malfunction.

 

When an abnormal signal is received from a sensor, the ECU (engine) processes the specified val-ues that are programmed for each sensor in order to provide the engine with alternate operating instructions that enable the engine to continue to operate or stop operating, depending on the condi-tions.

 

The ECU (engine) takes fail-safe actions in two ways: one in which the sensor output is set to a pre-scribed value, and the other in which the ECU (engine) directly operates an actuator. Details on the fail-safe actions are given in the table below.

 

EAS00903

FAIL-SAFE ACTION TABLE

 

Fault	Item	Symptom	Fail-safe action	Engine start-	Vehicle drive-
code No.	ability	ability
	Crankshaft position	No normal signals are	--
	sensor	received from the crankshaft		Unable	Unable
		position sensor.
	Intake air pressure	Intake air pressure sensor-	Fixes the intake air pressure
	sensor (open or short	open or short circuit detected.	to 101.12 kPa	Able	Able
	circuit) (pipe system)	Faulty intake air pressure sen-	(1.01 kgf/cm2, 14.4 psi).
		sor system.
	Throttle position sensor	Throttle position sensor-open	Fixes the throttle position
(open or short circuit)	or short circuit detected.	sensor to fully open.	Able	Able
(stuck)
	Sidestand switch (open	Open circuit is detected in the	-- (No start)
	circuit in wire to ECU	input line from the sidestand		Unable	Unable
	(engine))	switch to the ECU (engine).
	Coolant temperature	Coolant temperature sensor-	Fixes the coolant tempera-	Able	Able
sensor	open or short circuit detected.	ture to 80 °C (176 °F).
	Intake temperature	Intake temperature sensor-	Fixes the intake tempera-	Able	Able
sensor	open or short circuit detected.	ture to 20 °C (68 °F).
	O2 sensor (inactive)	No normal signals are	--	Able	Able
	received from the O2 sensor.
	Faulty ignition	Open circuit detected in the	--
		primary lead of the ignition		Unable	Unable
		coil.

 

7 - 4

		FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM			FI
Fault	Item	Symptom	Fail-safe action	Engine start-	Vehicle drive-
code No.		ability		ability
	Faulty the FID valve	Stuck FID valve. (when fully	--			Able		Able
	open)
	Lean angle cut-off	The scooter has over turned.	--
	switch (latch up	Lean angle cut-off switch-open			Unable		Unable
	detected) (open or	or short circuit detected.
	short circuit)
	Fuel system voltage	Supply power to the fuel injec-	Fixes the battery voltage to
	(monitor voltage)	tor and fuel pump is not nor-	12 V.			Able		Able
		mal.
	Error in writing the	An error is detected while	--
	amount of CO adjust-	reading or writing on				Able		Able
ment on EEPROM	EEPROM (CO adjustment
		value).
	Vehicle system power	Power supply to the FI system	--
	supply (monitor volt-	relay is not normal				Able		Able
	age)
	ECU (engine) internal	Faulty ECU (engine) memory.	--
	malfunction (memory	When this malfunction is			Unable		Unable
check error)	detected, the code number
		might not appear on the meter.
Communication error with the meter
Fault	Item	Symptom	Fail-safe action	Engine start-	Vehicle drive-
code No.		ability		ability
	ECU (engine) internal	No signals are received from	--
Er-1	malfunction (output sig-	the ECU (engine).			Unable		Unable
	nal error)
	ECU (engine) internal	No signals are received from	--
Er-2	malfunction (output sig-	the ECU (engine) within the			Unable		Unable
	nal error)	specified duration.
	ECU (engine) internal	Data from the ECU (engine)	--
Er-3	malfunction (output sig-	cannot be received correctly.			Unable		Unable
	nal error)
	ECU (engine) internal	Non-registered data has been	--
Er-4	malfunction (input sig-	received from the meter.			Unable		Unable
	nal error)

 

7 - 5

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM		FI

EAS00904

TROUBLESHOOTING CHART

Engine operation is not normal or the engine trouble warning light is on.

 

* Engine trouble warning light may not come on even if the engine operation is not normal.

 

The engine trouble warning light comes on.

The engine trouble warning light does not come on.

Check the fault code number displayed on the meter.

Check the operation of following sensors and actua-

tors in the diagnostic mode.

Refer to “Diagnostic mode table”.

01: Throttle position sensor (throttle angle)

Identify the system with the malfunction.

30: Ignition coil

Refer to “FAIL-SAFE ACTION TABLE”.

36: Fuel injector #1

37: Fuel injector #2

Identify the probable cause of malfunction.

Refer to “Fault code table”.

OK

NG

Checking and repair the probable case of malfunction.

Malfunction of engine

Defective sensor or

actuator

Fault code No. YES

Fault code No. NO

Check and repair.

Check and repair.

Check and repair the

Check and repair the

Refer to “TROUBLE-

Refer to “TROUBLE-

SHOOTING DETAILS”.

SHOOTING DETAILS”.

inner parts of engine.

corresponding sen-

Monitor the operation of

Refer to chapter 5.

sor or actuator.

the sensors and actua-

tors in the diagnostic

mode.

NG

Refer to “Diagnostic

mode table”.

Check the engine condition.

Perform ECU (engine) reinstatement action.

 

Refer to “Reinstatement method” in “TROUBLE-

 

SHOOTING DETAILS”.

 

Fault code number
displayed	OK

 

Turn the main switch to “OFF”, turn the main switch back to “ON”, and then check if the fault code number is still displayed.

 

Not fault code number displayed

 

Repairs completed

 

 

Erasing the malfunction history:*

 

The malfunction history is stored even if the main switch is turned OFF.

 

The malfunction history must be erased in the diagnostic mode.

 

Refer to “Diagnostic mode table (Diagnostic code No.62)”.

 

* Operated when the engine trouble warning light is on.

 

7 - 6

		FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM	FI
		EAS00905
		DIAGNOSTIC MODE
		Setting the diagnostic mode
		1. Turn the main switch to “OFF” and set the
		engine stop switch to “ ”.
2. Disconnect the wire harness coupler from
		the fuel pump.
		3. Simultaneously press	and hold the
		“SELECT” 1 and “RESET” 2 buttons, turn
		the main switch to “ON”, and continue to
		press the buttons for 8 seconds or more.
		NOTE:
		• All displays on the meter disappear except
		the clock and tripmeter displays.
		• “dIAG” appears on the tripmeter LCD.

				4. Press the “SELECT” button to select the CO
				adjustment mode “CO” or the diagnostic
				mode “dIAG”.
				5. After selecting “dIAG”, simultaneously press
				the “SELECT” and “RESET” buttons for 2
				seconds or more to execute the selection.
				6. Set the engine stop switch to “ ”.
				7. Select the diagnostic code number that
				applies to the item that was verified with the
		fault	code	number	by	pressing	the
				“SELECT” and “RESET” buttons.
			NOTE:
				The diagnostic code number appears on the
				tripmeter LCD (01-70).
				• To decrease the selected diagnostic code
				number, press the “RESET” button. Press
				the “RESET” button for 1 second or longer to
				automatically decrease the diagnostic code
				numbers.
				• To increase the selected diagnostic code
				number, press the “SELECT” button. Press
				the “SELECT” button for 1 second or longer
				to automatically increase the diagnostic code
				numbers.

 

7 - 7

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM		FI

К Verify the operation of the sensor or actua-tor.

Sensor operation

 

The data representing the operating condi-tions of the sensor appears on the trip LCD.

Actuator operation

 

Set the engine stop switch to “ ” to oper-ate the actuator.

 

NOTE:

If the engine stop switch is set to “ ”, set it to “ ”, and then set it to “ ” again.

Л Turn the main switch to “OFF” to cancel the diagnostic mode.

 

 

7 - 8

		FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM			FI
EAS00906
Fault code table
Fault	Symptom	Probable cause of malfunction	Diagnostic code
code No.
	No normal signals are received from	• Open or short circuit in wiring harness.
	the crankshaft position sensor.	• Defective crankshaft position sensor.
		• Malfunction in pickup rotor.		—
		• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
		• Improperly installed sensor.
	Intake air pressure sensor-open or	• Open or short circuit in wiring harness.
	short circuit detected.	• Defective intake air pressure sensor.
		• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
	Faulty intake air pressure sensor	• Intake air pressure sensor hose is detached, clogged,
	hose system; a hose is detached,	kinked, or pinched.
	causing constant application of the	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
	atmospheric pressure to the sensor;
	or, the hose is clogged.
	Throttle position sensor-open or short	• Open or short circuit in wiring harness.
	circuit detected.	• Defective throttle position sensor.
	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
		• Improperly installed throttle position sensor.
	A stuck throttle position sensor is	• Stuck throttle position sensor.
detected.	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
	Open circuit in the input line from the	• Open circuit in wiring harness.
	sidestand switch to the ECU (engine)	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
is detected when the start switch is
	pressed.
	Coolant temperature sensor-open or	• Open or short circuit in wiring harness.
	short circuit detected.	• Defective coolant temperature sensor.
	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
		• Improperly installed sensor.
	Intake air temperature sensor-open or	• Open or short circuit in wiring harness.
	short circuit detected.	• Defective intake air temperature sensor.
	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
		• Improperly installed sensor.
	No normal signals are received from	• Open or short circuit in wiring harness.
	the O2 sensor.	• Defective O2 sensor.		—
	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
		• Improperly installed sensor.
	The scooter has overturned.	• Overturned.
	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
	Open circuit is detected in the primary	• Open circuit in wiring harness.
	lead of the ignition coil.	• Malfunction in ignition coil.
		• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
		• Malfunction in a component of ignition cut-off circuit sys-
		tem.
	Faulty the FID valve.	• Stuck the FID valve (when fully open).
	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
	Lean angle cut-off switch-open or	• Open or short circuit in wiring harness.
	short circuit detected.	• Defective lean angle cut-off switch.
		• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
	Supply power to the fuel injector and	• Open circuit in wiring harness. (red/blue line)
	fuel pump is not normal.	• Malfunction in ECU (engine).
		• Defective fuel injection system relay.
	An error is detected while reading or	• Malfunction in ECU (engine). (The CO adjustment value
	writing on EEPROM.	is not properly written on or read from the internal mem-
		ory.)

 

 

7 - 9

		FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM			FI
Fault	Symptom	Probable cause of malfunction	Diagnostic code
code No.
	Power supply to the fuel injection sys-	• Open circuit in wiring harness. (blue/yellow – red/black
	tem relay is not normal.	line)		—
		• Malfunction in “CHARGING SYSTEM” in chapter 8.
	Faulty ECU (engine) memory. When	• Malfunction in ECU (engine). (The program and data are
	this malfunction is detected, the code	not properly written on or read from the internal mem-		—
number might not appear on the	ory.)
	meter.

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