Порядок слов в простом предложении
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В английском языке отношения между членами предложения выражайте с помощью определенного порядка слов. Для английского предложения характерен следующий порядок слов: - на первом месте (1) стоит подлежащее с его определениями; - на втором месте (2) – сказуемое; - на третьем месте (3) – дополнение с определениями; - на четвертом месте (4) – обстоятельства с определениями.
Пример: My friends read English newspapers every day. My friend is a mathematics teacher at an Institute. Иногда обстоятельства могут стоять и перед подлежащим, т.е. занимать нулевое место (О).
Пример: On Sundays the students of our group go to our Institute club to see new films. In the first year the students study a lot of general-engineering subjects.
Общие вопросы
Примечание:
В качестве вспомогательного глагола могут выступать глаголы do, does, did, shall, will, глаголы be, have в любой форме и модальные глаголы в зависимости от грамматической формы сказуемого.
1. Does he translate English articles without a dictionary? 2. Do the students pass their exams twice a year? 3. Is your friend a teacher of English at school? 4. Did he translate this English article yesterday? 5. Will he translate this article? 6. May I take your book on physics? 7. Have you a book on space travels?
Задайте своему партнеру вопрос по образцу: Ask your friend if he studies at the Institute. Do you study at the Institute?
Ask your friend: 1.... if he can speak English. 2.... if his brother studies at the computer science faculty. 3.... if he will enter the Institute. 4.... if he translated this article yesterday. 5.... if he has many English books. 6.... if he was at the Institute yesterday.
Альтернативные вопросы
1. Do you work at a plant or an Institute? 2. Does he study English or German? 3. Is he good at physics or mathematics? 4. Is our Institute situated in Krasnaya or Moscovskaya street? 5. Can this engineer speak English or French? 6. Have you books on space investigations or space travels? 7. Will you pass your English exam in January or July?
Задайте альтернативный вопрос к подчеркнутым словам по образцу: My brother speaks English. Does your brother speak English or French?
1. I am good at radio engineering. 2. The students of our group will study French. 3. His friend was in Kiev last year. 4. My friend carries out research work in the field of computer science. 5. Our library has many English books. 6. They can speak English well. 7. I often go to my work by bus. 8. This young engineer works at a laboratory.
Специальные вопросы
In the first term students study many general-engineering subjects at the Institute. When do the students study many general-engineering subjects at the Institute? What subjects do the students study? Where do they study different subjects? What do they study at the Institute?
Задайте вопросы к подчеркнутым словам, ответами на которые будут следующие предложения:
1. My friend studies at the Moscow University. 2. I study at the instrument-making faculty. 3. He is good at mathematics and physics. 4. In a year they will graduate from the Institute. 5. She can speak English well. 6. To read English technical literature students must work hard. Специальные вопросы
Вопросительные слова: who? кто? what + глагол? что? whose + существительное? чей? what + существительное? какой?
1. Who speaks English well in your group? 2. Who discovered the three basic laws of motion. 3. What was demonstrated at that meeting by A.S.Popov? 4. What problem was discussed at that meeting? 5. Who will come to the lecture on physics? 6. Whose brother is in the room now? 7. The delegates of what countries have not yet come to the conference? 8. Who is on duty today? 9. Whose books are on the table? 10. What is on the table? 11. Who can answer this question? 12. Whose journal lies on the table?
Переведите на английский язык следующие вопросы:
1. Кто из твоих друзей поступил в институт в этом году? 2. Какой институт расположен на улице Красной? 3. Чьи книги лежат на столе? 4. Что это? 5. Кто будет делать доклад? 6. Что лежит на столе?
Разделительные вопросы
1. A friend of mine studies at the faculty of computer science, doesn't he?
2. He did not enter the Institute, did he? 3. Your special field is radioelectronics, isn't it? 4. She cannot speak English, can she? 5. This young man is not a student of our Institute, is he? 6. Your sister is good at chemistry, isn't she? 7. You will not go there, will you? 8. The students of your group will do research in the field of computer designing, won't they?
Задайте разделительный вопрос по образцу: He studies English. He studies English, doesn't he?
1. She can speak to foreign colleagues if necessary. 2. It is interesting to speak to people in another language. 3. This young engineer does not work at our laboratory. 4. He is not interested in physics. 5. "Sandwich." courses appeared after the war. 6. She will enter the Institute in a year. 7. Your sister does not speak French. 8. You translated this article without a dictionary.
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